{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399742330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122190","title":"Estimation of Chlorophyll Content in Apple Leaves Infected with Mosaic Disease by Combining Spectral and Textural Information Using Hyperspectral Images","display_name":"Estimation of Chlorophyll Content in Apple Leaves Infected with Mosaic Disease by Combining Spectral and Textural Information Using Hyperspectral Images","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399742330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122190"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16122190","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122190","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2190/pdf?version=1718601362","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2190/pdf?version=1718601362","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109114815","display_name":"Zhenghua Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0832-9536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89652312","display_name":"Northwest A&F University","ror":"https://ror.org/0051rme32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenghua Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082697514","display_name":"Yanfu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9797-4439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89652312","display_name":"Northwest A&F University","ror":"https://ror.org/0051rme32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanfu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011155273","display_name":"Junru Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5572-8839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89652312","display_name":"Northwest A&F University","ror":"https://ror.org/0051rme32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junru Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006145177","display_name":"Yiming Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5226-0441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89652312","display_name":"Northwest A&F University","ror":"https://ror.org/0051rme32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060824198","display_name":"Danyao Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1692-470X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89652312","display_name":"Northwest A&F University","ror":"https://ror.org/0051rme32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danyao Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083905503","display_name":"Yu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6519-7128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89652312","display_name":"Northwest A&F University","ror":"https://ror.org/0051rme32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102220703","display_name":"Zheng Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89652312","display_name":"Northwest A&F University","ror":"https://ror.org/0051rme32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Water and Soil Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Water and Soil Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103221662","display_name":"Qingrui Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7154-6068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89652312","display_name":"Northwest A&F University","ror":"https://ror.org/0051rme32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingrui Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China","Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nature Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling District, Xianyang 712100, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103221662"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.8306,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90104574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"12","first_page":"2190","last_page":"2190"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14365","display_name":"Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.8685022592544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mosaic","display_name":"Mosaic","score":0.5202940106391907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.465005487203598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorophyll","display_name":"Chlorophyll","score":0.431692510843277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botany","display_name":"Botany","score":0.40847721695899963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horticulture","display_name":"Horticulture","score":0.34408843517303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.32310953736305237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.28530779480934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.24160712957382202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.19336754083633423}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.8685022592544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110739175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133067","display_name":"Mosaic","level":2,"score":0.5202940106391907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.465005487203598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776373379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43177","display_name":"Chlorophyll","level":2,"score":0.431692510843277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.40847721695899963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.34408843517303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32310953736305237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.28530779480934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24160712957382202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.19336754083633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16122190","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122190","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2190/pdf?version=1718601362","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a688b3ca85ba44cf80f17e13521b4b01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a688b3ca85ba44cf80f17e13521b4b01","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 12, p 2190 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16122190","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122190","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2190/pdf?version=1718601362","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399742330.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W27452278","https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1982755765","https://openalex.org/W2000763890","https://openalex.org/W2006107700","https://openalex.org/W2008283621","https://openalex.org/W2011475440","https://openalex.org/W2012686349","https://openalex.org/W2025757188","https://openalex.org/W2025967407","https://openalex.org/W2029567272","https://openalex.org/W2030233869","https://openalex.org/W2052700773","https://openalex.org/W2056352756","https://openalex.org/W2066536516","https://openalex.org/W2068784360","https://openalex.org/W2071495852","https://openalex.org/W2084865201","https://openalex.org/W2088304553","https://openalex.org/W2098188176","https://openalex.org/W2098247895","https://openalex.org/W2109006150","https://openalex.org/W2111947859","https://openalex.org/W2113283209","https://openalex.org/W2116876595","https://openalex.org/W2122400352","https://openalex.org/W2128438912","https://openalex.org/W2129719999","https://openalex.org/W2137608957","https://openalex.org/W2143659979","https://openalex.org/W2149813070","https://openalex.org/W2152039022","https://openalex.org/W2158755893","https://openalex.org/W2161765830","https://openalex.org/W2163410149","https://openalex.org/W2165700458","https://openalex.org/W2248139498","https://openalex.org/W2350245612","https://openalex.org/W2367186072","https://openalex.org/W2377994118","https://openalex.org/W2474757684","https://openalex.org/W2531621213","https://openalex.org/W2590660752","https://openalex.org/W2891621712","https://openalex.org/W2935876239","https://openalex.org/W2966301044","https://openalex.org/W2982377981","https://openalex.org/W2987472362","https://openalex.org/W3021367936","https://openalex.org/W3080579926","https://openalex.org/W3108272746","https://openalex.org/W3129445875","https://openalex.org/W3134560040","https://openalex.org/W3155560054","https://openalex.org/W3206193743","https://openalex.org/W3206966913","https://openalex.org/W3208804100","https://openalex.org/W4205087445","https://openalex.org/W4280648889","https://openalex.org/W4292343599","https://openalex.org/W4293658211","https://openalex.org/W4295203042","https://openalex.org/W4307944308","https://openalex.org/W4312037100","https://openalex.org/W4365505800","https://openalex.org/W4366772066","https://openalex.org/W4381429186","https://openalex.org/W4381715907","https://openalex.org/W4382359401","https://openalex.org/W4385583534","https://openalex.org/W4385994937","https://openalex.org/W4388169249","https://openalex.org/W4388639053","https://openalex.org/W4390094943","https://openalex.org/W4390615439","https://openalex.org/W4391425880","https://openalex.org/W4391596402","https://openalex.org/W4393943259","https://openalex.org/W6601116995","https://openalex.org/W6668510551","https://openalex.org/W6720971100","https://openalex.org/W6791140671","https://openalex.org/W6855489796","https://openalex.org/W6999931657"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2072166414","https://openalex.org/W3209970181","https://openalex.org/W2060875994","https://openalex.org/W3034375524","https://openalex.org/W4230131218","https://openalex.org/W2385371209","https://openalex.org/W4250051149","https://openalex.org/W2083270190","https://openalex.org/W1991437568"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Leaf":[0],"chlorophyll":[1],"content":[2],"(LCC)":[3],"is":[4],"an":[5],"important":[6],"indicator":[7],"of":[8,40,57,74,181,315],"plant":[9,18],"nutritional":[10],"status":[11],"and":[12,36,44,66,90,106,122,142,157,171,183,206,230,245,253,308],"can":[13,256],"be":[14],"a":[15,33,51],"guide":[16],"for":[17,187,228,248],"disease":[19,31],"diagnosis.":[20],"In":[21,102],"this":[22],"study,":[23],"we":[24,77,130,161],"took":[25],"apple":[26,318],"leaves":[27,319],"infected":[28,320],"with":[29,50,267,321],"mosaic":[30,322],"as":[32,145,147,269],"research":[34],"object":[35],"extracted":[37,70,91],"two":[38],"types":[39],"information":[41,134,255,310],"on":[42],"spectral":[43,67,105,156,243,254,309],"textural":[45,94,107,158,234,252,307],"features":[46,95,235,244],"from":[47],"hyperspectral":[48,62],"images,":[49],"view":[52],"to":[53,84,138,153,177,242,325],"realizing":[54],"non-destructive":[55],"detection":[56,314],"LCC.":[58,189],"First,":[59],"the":[60,72,79,86,97,132,148,155,179,194,207,220,224,259,277,285,289,312],"collected":[61],"images":[63],"were":[64,127],"preprocessed":[65],"reflectance":[68],"was":[69,151],"in":[71,317],"region":[73],"interest.":[75],"Subsequently,":[76],"used":[78,152],"successive":[80],"projections":[81],"algorithm":[82,137],"(SPA)":[83],"select":[85,139],"optimal":[87],"wavelengths":[88],"(OWs)":[89],"eight":[92],"basic":[93,143],"using":[96],"gray-level":[98],"co-occurrence":[99],"matrix":[100],"(GLCM).":[101],"addition,":[103],"composite":[104],"metrics,":[108],"including":[109],"vegetation":[110],"indices":[111,116,120,125],"(VIs),":[112],"normalized":[113],"difference":[114,118],"texture":[115,119,124],"(NDTIs),":[117],"(DTIs),":[121],"ratio":[123],"(RTIs)":[126],"calculated.":[128],"Third,":[129],"applied":[131],"maximal":[133],"coefficient":[135],"(MIC)":[136],"significant":[140],"VIs":[141,195,268],"textures,":[144],"well":[146],"tandem":[149],"method":[150],"fuse":[154],"features.":[159],"Finally,":[160],"employ":[162],"support":[163],"vector":[164],"regression":[165,174,239,291],"(SVR),":[166],"backpropagation":[167],"neural":[168],"network":[169],"(BPNN),":[170],"K-nearest":[172],"neighbors":[173],"(KNNR)":[175],"methods":[176],"explore":[178],"efficacy":[180],"single":[182,225,260,279],"combined":[184],"feature":[185,226,261,280],"models":[186,227,275,292],"estimating":[188],"The":[190],"results":[191,222],"showed":[192],"that":[193,305],"model":[196,209],"(R2":[197,210,293],"=":[198,201,204,211,214,217,294,297,300],"0.8532,":[199],"RMSE":[200,213,296],"2.1444,":[202],"RPD":[203,216,299],"2.6179)":[205],"NDTIs":[208,266],"0.7927,":[212],"2.7453,":[215],"2.2032)":[218],"achieved":[219],"best":[221,278],"among":[223,288],"spectra":[229],"texture,":[231],"respectively.":[232],"However,":[233],"generally":[236],"exhibit":[237],"inferior":[238],"performance":[240,287],"compared":[241],"are":[246],"unsuitable":[247],"standalone":[249],"applications.":[250],"Combining":[251],"potentially":[257],"improve":[258],"models.":[262],"Specifically,":[263],"when":[264],"combining":[265,306],"input":[270],"parameters,":[271],"three":[272],"machine":[273],"learning":[274],"outperform":[276],"model.":[281],"Ultimately,":[282],"SVR":[283],"achieves":[284],"highest":[286],"LCC":[290,316],"0.8665,":[295],"1.8871,":[298],"2.7454).":[301],"This":[302],"study":[303],"reveals":[304],"improves":[311],"quantitative":[313],"disease,":[323],"leading":[324],"higher":[326],"estimation":[327],"accuracy.":[328]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
