{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399645486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122131","title":"Design of Scanning Units for the Underwater Circumferential-Scanning LiDAR Based on Pyramidal-Shaped Reflectors and a Rapid Detection Method for Target Orientation","display_name":"Design of Scanning Units for the Underwater Circumferential-Scanning LiDAR Based on Pyramidal-Shaped Reflectors and a Rapid Detection Method for Target Orientation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399645486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122131"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16122131","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122131","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2131/pdf?version=1718260164","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2131/pdf?version=1718260164","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042982720","display_name":"Bingting Zha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9096-2905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115146","display_name":"Guizhou Electromechanical Research and Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01hy8fk80","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115146"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bingting Zha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China","Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010887068","display_name":"Guangbo Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4197-6734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangbo Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072967216","display_name":"Zhuo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5370-2688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055334849","display_name":"Yayun Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800372957","display_name":"China Electronics Technology Group Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/0098hst83","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800372957"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yayun Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Navy Department, No. 28th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Nanjing 210094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Navy Department, No. 28th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Nanjing 210094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800372957"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045857024","display_name":"Jianxin Qin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxin Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026112717","display_name":"He Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1669-1358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042982720"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199","https://openalex.org/I4210115146"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.4903,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83481926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"12","first_page":"2131","last_page":"2131"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.5650866031646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflector","display_name":"Reflector (photography)","score":0.5630647540092468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5605261325836182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.5560817718505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.5504414439201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5373676419258118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-scanning","display_name":"Laser scanning","score":0.5228539109230042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-scanning","display_name":"3d scanning","score":0.5000061988830566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.44507184624671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3746774196624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.33098018169403076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23677396774291992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.12242728471755981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10749724507331848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-source","display_name":"Light source","score":0.08525446057319641}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.5650866031646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778415886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1823435","display_name":"Reflector (photography)","level":3,"score":0.5630647540092468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5605261325836182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.5560817718505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.5504414439201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5373676419258118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.5228539109230042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019493240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94701573","display_name":"3d scanning","level":2,"score":0.5000061988830566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.44507184624671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3746774196624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.33098018169403076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23677396774291992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.12242728471755981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10749724507331848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982854487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9128","display_name":"Light source","level":2,"score":0.08525446057319641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16122131","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122131","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2131/pdf?version=1718260164","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:25f9a9c983db49d897cc199712e4b305","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/25f9a9c983db49d897cc199712e4b305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 12, p 2131 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16122131","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122131","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2131/pdf?version=1718260164","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1604695107","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KYCX23_0511","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2024402904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52201399","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4231296943","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20220ZB245","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4463491377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52201399","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4584699175","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KYCX23_0511","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5412511619","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021M701713","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7274177125","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021M701713","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7984459246","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20220ZB245","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399645486.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1199011853","https://openalex.org/W2017486173","https://openalex.org/W2020516636","https://openalex.org/W2030730035","https://openalex.org/W2099853907","https://openalex.org/W2214944377","https://openalex.org/W2236794060","https://openalex.org/W2436494909","https://openalex.org/W2517034488","https://openalex.org/W2604331845","https://openalex.org/W2921740986","https://openalex.org/W2973821584","https://openalex.org/W3111307619","https://openalex.org/W3127845596","https://openalex.org/W3181068826","https://openalex.org/W4205498523","https://openalex.org/W4224926195","https://openalex.org/W4282830511","https://openalex.org/W4289111712","https://openalex.org/W4366266998","https://openalex.org/W4382361497","https://openalex.org/W4389236763","https://openalex.org/W6689935438"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2385996594","https://openalex.org/W2394453141","https://openalex.org/W2951381395","https://openalex.org/W2363010555","https://openalex.org/W2792671441","https://openalex.org/W2361037533","https://openalex.org/W2275996857","https://openalex.org/W2970914569","https://openalex.org/W2141825239","https://openalex.org/W2376750508"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Challenges":[0],"have":[1],"been":[2],"observed":[3],"in":[4,30,125,150],"the":[5,13,17,57,61,66,69,89,123,133,143,155],"traditional":[6],"circumferential-scanning":[7],"LiDAR":[8],"underwater":[9],"to":[10,121],"balance":[11],"between":[12],"detection":[14,44,112],"range":[15],"and":[16,49,92,109,139,160],"sealing":[18],"performance.":[19,39],"To":[20],"tackle":[21],"these":[22],"challenges,":[23],"a":[24,34,101,110,117],"new":[25],"scanning":[26,134,138],"unit":[27,135],"is":[28,52,82,119,148],"presented":[29],"this":[31,126],"paper,":[32],"employing":[33],"pyramidal-shaped":[35],"reflector":[36],"for":[37],"enhanced":[38],"Furthermore,":[40],"an":[41,162],"innovative":[42],"magneto\u2013electric":[43],"module":[45],"comprising":[46],"Hall":[47],"switches":[48],"magnetic":[50],"rings":[51],"introduced.":[53],"It":[54,86],"can":[55,87],"facilitate":[56],"accurate":[58],"identification":[59],"of":[60,68,106,114,142],"reflector\u2019s":[62],"edge,":[63],"thereby":[64],"enhancing":[65],"precision":[67],"target-orientation":[70],"detection.":[71],"A":[72],"rapid":[73],"target":[74],"orientation":[75,94,140],"coding":[76],"method":[77],"based":[78],"on":[79,84],"split-frequency":[80],"clocks":[81],"proposed":[83],"FPGAs.":[85],"output":[88,104],"target\u2019s":[90],"initial":[91],"termination":[93],"codes":[95],"immediately":[96],"after":[97],"capturing":[98],"it,":[99],"exhibiting":[100],"significantly":[102],"low":[103],"delay":[105],"20":[107],"ns":[108],"high":[111],"resolution":[113],"15\u00b0.":[115],"Finally,":[116],"prototype":[118],"fabricated":[120],"validate":[122],"design":[124],"paper.":[127],"The":[128],"experimental":[129],"results":[130],"demonstrate":[131],"that":[132],"enables":[136],"reliable":[137],"recognition":[141],"target.":[144],"In":[145],"addition,":[146],"it":[147],"trustworthy":[149],"receiving":[151],"echo":[152],"signals":[153],"when":[154],"laser":[156],"passes":[157],"through":[158],"glass":[159],"then":[161],"aqueous":[163],"medium.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}