{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396859738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16101714","title":"Spatiotemporal Evolution and Factors Influencing Regional Ecological Land in a Multidimensional Perspective: A Case Study of the Beijing\u2013Tianjin\u2013Hebei Region","display_name":"Spatiotemporal Evolution and Factors Influencing Regional Ecological Land in a Multidimensional Perspective: A Case Study of the Beijing\u2013Tianjin\u2013Hebei Region","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396859738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16101714"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16101714","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16101714","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/10/1714/pdf?version=1715432754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/10/1714/pdf?version=1715432754","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053692433","display_name":"Xingbang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7679-2337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingbang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011939076","display_name":"Ze Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ze Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100757494","display_name":"Jing Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7309-8075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073046581","display_name":"Zhengfeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2025-8327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhengfeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073046581"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.666,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82410616,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"10","first_page":"1714","last_page":"1714"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12253","display_name":"Urban Agriculture and Sustainability","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beijing","display_name":"Beijing","score":0.7937716245651245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragmentation","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","score":0.6955171823501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.5229825973510742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-distribution","display_name":"Spatial distribution","score":0.4727374315261841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.4544047713279724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.44221892952919006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-geography","display_name":"Economic geography","score":0.37132203578948975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.344036340713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.31388235092163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.31272411346435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.21170616149902344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11204659938812256}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778304055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657474","display_name":"Beijing","level":3,"score":0.7937716245651245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6955171823501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5229825973510742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574061","display_name":"Spatial distribution","level":2,"score":0.4727374315261841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4544047713279724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.44221892952919006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.37132203578948975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.344036340713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.31388235092163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.31272411346435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.21170616149902344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11204659938812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16101714","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16101714","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/10/1714/pdf?version=1715432754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:09fb712b263a4d7c9bcecf4f8e1b6b16","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/09fb712b263a4d7c9bcecf4f8e1b6b16","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 10, p 1714 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16101714","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16101714","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/10/1714/pdf?version=1715432754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2098841416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42077433","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4565400362","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21AZD041","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G62475604","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42077433","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7735448223","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21AZD041","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396859738.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978048398","https://openalex.org/W1985710784","https://openalex.org/W2041996266","https://openalex.org/W2045037392","https://openalex.org/W2050526790","https://openalex.org/W2054054553","https://openalex.org/W2065335218","https://openalex.org/W2075112152","https://openalex.org/W2117363348","https://openalex.org/W2172388724","https://openalex.org/W2380944875","https://openalex.org/W2561508249","https://openalex.org/W2605366047","https://openalex.org/W2732203060","https://openalex.org/W2771758945","https://openalex.org/W2886665877","https://openalex.org/W2943693586","https://openalex.org/W2953816194","https://openalex.org/W2964603480","https://openalex.org/W2971174779","https://openalex.org/W2971897573","https://openalex.org/W2975102037","https://openalex.org/W3005019108","https://openalex.org/W3016134208","https://openalex.org/W3027636251","https://openalex.org/W3035865995","https://openalex.org/W3101112969","https://openalex.org/W3108117946","https://openalex.org/W3131109972","https://openalex.org/W3163193707","https://openalex.org/W3178866458","https://openalex.org/W3179810233","https://openalex.org/W3216925745","https://openalex.org/W3217532397","https://openalex.org/W4207041184","https://openalex.org/W4213326066","https://openalex.org/W4226502735","https://openalex.org/W4281563691","https://openalex.org/W4286567109","https://openalex.org/W4292325086","https://openalex.org/W4293097063","https://openalex.org/W4296669896","https://openalex.org/W4298003866","https://openalex.org/W4308509866","https://openalex.org/W4309076742","https://openalex.org/W4313327320","https://openalex.org/W4322729426","https://openalex.org/W4324057257","https://openalex.org/W4362706153","https://openalex.org/W4384023666","https://openalex.org/W4387527403","https://openalex.org/W4388586299","https://openalex.org/W4389953573","https://openalex.org/W4391072468","https://openalex.org/W7035801525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015747722","https://openalex.org/W2362050182","https://openalex.org/W2382418233","https://openalex.org/W2369897927","https://openalex.org/W3031731056","https://openalex.org/W4327918537","https://openalex.org/W4293167957","https://openalex.org/W2361035307","https://openalex.org/W2380455807","https://openalex.org/W2993975634"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,65],"systematic":[1],"analysis":[2],"of":[3,18,26,51,93,122,137,148,170,192,208,224,256,279],"the":[4,16,24,35,40,45,49,55,73,102,117,120,145,178,183,190,209,222,276],"spatiotemporal":[5,142],"evolution":[6,53,77,223],"patterns":[7],"and":[8,22,44,78,113,128,135,150,153,194,226,249,267],"factors":[9,74],"influencing":[10,75,221,258],"ecological":[11],"land":[12,127],"(EL)":[13],"can":[14],"support":[15,264],"optimization":[17],"EL":[19,52,76,88,129,138,271],"protection":[20],"policies":[21],"ensure":[23],"stability":[25],"regional":[27,280],"ecosystems.":[28],"Based":[29],"on":[30],"remote":[31],"sensing":[32],"data,":[33],"using":[34],"gravity":[36],"center":[37],"shift":[38],"model,":[39],"landscape":[41,231],"pattern":[42],"index,":[43],"equivalent":[46],"factor":[47],"method,":[48],"characteristics":[50,253],"in":[54,182,254],"Beijing\u2013Tianjin\u2013Hebei":[56],"(BTH)":[57],"region":[58,185],"from":[59],"1980":[60],"to":[61,70,275],"2020":[62],"were":[63],"analyzed.":[64],"fixed-effects":[66],"model":[67],"was":[68,232],"used":[69],"quantitatively":[71],"explore":[72],"heterogeneity":[79],"analysis.":[80],"The":[81,87,105,133,159,230],"results":[82],"are":[83],"as":[84],"follows:":[85],"(1)":[86],"area":[89,108,123],"exhibited":[90,156,198,251],"a":[91,98,140,165,173,205,239],"trend":[92],"initial":[94],"decrease":[95],"followed":[96],"by":[97,235],"subsequent":[99],"increase":[100],"during":[101],"study":[103,261],"period.":[104],"most":[106],"significant":[107,157],"transfer":[109,124],"occurred":[110],"between":[111,125],"cropland":[112],"EL,":[114],"but,":[115],"after":[116],"21st":[118],"century,":[119],"proportion":[121,207],"construction":[126,236],"noticeably":[130],"increased.":[131],"(2)":[132],"compactness":[134,149,171],"fragmentation":[136,151,160],"showed":[139,172],"certain":[141],"stability,":[143],"but":[144],"spatial":[146,199],"distribution":[147,191],"hot":[152,161,193],"cold":[154,195],"spots":[155,162,196],"differences.":[158],"mainly":[163],"displayed":[164],"strip":[166],"distribution,":[167],"while":[168,212],"those":[169],"clustered":[174],"distribution.":[175],"(3)":[176],"Although":[177],"ecosystem":[179],"service":[180],"value":[181],"BTH":[184],"demonstrated":[186,228],"dynamic":[187],"\u201cM\u201d-shaped":[188],"changes,":[189],"still":[197,215],"stability.":[200],"Regulating":[201],"services":[202,214],"consistently":[203],"occupied":[204],"higher":[206],"sub-service":[210],"functions,":[211],"cultural":[213],"needed":[216],"further":[217],"enhancement.":[218],"(4)":[219],"Factors":[220],"areas":[225],"values":[227],"similarities.":[229],"significantly":[233],"influenced":[234],"land,":[237],"showing":[238],"non-linear":[240],"\u201cU\u201d-shaped":[241],"relationship":[242],"with":[243],"fragmentation.":[244],"Different":[245],"economic":[246],"development":[247,278],"gradients":[248],"altitudes":[250],"differentiated":[252],"terms":[255],"their":[257],"factors.":[259],"This":[260],"provides":[262],"scientific":[263],"for":[265],"dynamically":[266],"precisely":[268],"adjusting":[269],"governmental":[270],"management":[272],"policies,":[273],"contributing":[274],"sustainable":[277],"socio-economics.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}