{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396625990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16091637","title":"Temporal Variations in Land Surface Temperature within an Urban Ecosystem: A Comprehensive Assessment of Land Use and Land Cover Change in Kharkiv, Ukraine","display_name":"Temporal Variations in Land Surface Temperature within an Urban Ecosystem: A Comprehensive Assessment of Land Use and Land Cover Change in Kharkiv, Ukraine","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396625990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16091637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16091637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16091637","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/9/1637/pdf?version=1714744295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/9/1637/pdf?version=1714744295","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012339009","display_name":"Gareth Rees","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6020-1232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gareth Rees","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049761634","display_name":"Liliia Hebryn-Baidy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7145-6214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liliia Hebryn-Baidy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041257288","display_name":"Vadym Belenok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5357-7493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90281761","display_name":"State University \"Kyiv Aviation Institute\"","ror":"https://ror.org/01f74x078","country_code":"UA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90281761"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vadym Belenok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Geodesy and Land Management, National Aviation University, 03058 Kyiv, Ukraine"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Geodesy and Land Management, National Aviation University, 03058 Kyiv, Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90281761"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012339009"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.7883,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95855735,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"9","first_page":"1637","last_page":"1637"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9661999940872192,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.6951248645782471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6507079005241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.5091652274131775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-land-use-change-and-forestry","display_name":"Land use, land-use change and forestry","score":0.4411763846874237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3936545252799988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.37826260924339294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.30832892656326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.08666285872459412}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.6951248645782471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6507079005241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.5091652274131775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122690726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3348639","display_name":"Land use, land-use change and forestry","level":3,"score":0.4411763846874237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3936545252799988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.37826260924339294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.30832892656326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.08666285872459412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16091637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16091637","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/9/1637/pdf?version=1714744295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/369407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/369407","pdf_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/9221f293-c723-43da-ad34-5bd6325823c7/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1ff54687b43d4de4a8ea3d9274f383d4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1ff54687b43d4de4a8ea3d9274f383d4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 9, p 1637 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16091637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16091637","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/9/1637/pdf?version=1714744295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396625990.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W252376446","https://openalex.org/W946160360","https://openalex.org/W1967395374","https://openalex.org/W1976228594","https://openalex.org/W2067542652","https://openalex.org/W2076447280","https://openalex.org/W2087729435","https://openalex.org/W2101052591","https://openalex.org/W2107795096","https://openalex.org/W2127437631","https://openalex.org/W2139690358","https://openalex.org/W2156049446","https://openalex.org/W2161241309","https://openalex.org/W2172120354","https://openalex.org/W2261059368","https://openalex.org/W2318680928","https://openalex.org/W2570830654","https://openalex.org/W2727738022","https://openalex.org/W2772529881","https://openalex.org/W2803632096","https://openalex.org/W2804583155","https://openalex.org/W2903166525","https://openalex.org/W2907470085","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2916848715","https://openalex.org/W2919424886","https://openalex.org/W2950623775","https://openalex.org/W2955497201","https://openalex.org/W2979180498","https://openalex.org/W2979883380","https://openalex.org/W2989618893","https://openalex.org/W2990370699","https://openalex.org/W2999561773","https://openalex.org/W3009089243","https://openalex.org/W3014125413","https://openalex.org/W3020943541","https://openalex.org/W3024914013","https://openalex.org/W3033395335","https://openalex.org/W3037586547","https://openalex.org/W3037718619","https://openalex.org/W3091457471","https://openalex.org/W3113484207","https://openalex.org/W3136363023","https://openalex.org/W3140857072","https://openalex.org/W3149963399","https://openalex.org/W3159020957","https://openalex.org/W3168731373","https://openalex.org/W3175160767","https://openalex.org/W3184629543","https://openalex.org/W3195736271","https://openalex.org/W3196878686","https://openalex.org/W3197325378","https://openalex.org/W3203024208","https://openalex.org/W3205333858","https://openalex.org/W3216255298","https://openalex.org/W4220837446","https://openalex.org/W4220863097","https://openalex.org/W4220933320","https://openalex.org/W4225124614","https://openalex.org/W4252979015","https://openalex.org/W4280642699","https://openalex.org/W4281264073","https://openalex.org/W4281924140","https://openalex.org/W4286221739","https://openalex.org/W4286586597","https://openalex.org/W4296229241","https://openalex.org/W4296345894","https://openalex.org/W4297005852","https://openalex.org/W4297983235","https://openalex.org/W4307552595","https://openalex.org/W4307659181","https://openalex.org/W4308866116","https://openalex.org/W4309713459","https://openalex.org/W4311083722","https://openalex.org/W4311650996","https://openalex.org/W4312203760","https://openalex.org/W4313443458","https://openalex.org/W4317899726","https://openalex.org/W4321789411","https://openalex.org/W4353029298","https://openalex.org/W4362518912","https://openalex.org/W4362583577","https://openalex.org/W4376108339","https://openalex.org/W4382280819","https://openalex.org/W4383911279","https://openalex.org/W4391844849","https://openalex.org/W6777673115","https://openalex.org/W6802126025","https://openalex.org/W6838225191"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2300406849","https://openalex.org/W2197651356","https://openalex.org/W1977135071","https://openalex.org/W2186441711","https://openalex.org/W3133615129","https://openalex.org/W2042289381","https://openalex.org/W2087854757","https://openalex.org/W2188959887","https://openalex.org/W2107626475","https://openalex.org/W2921401668"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Remote":[0],"sensing":[1,413],"technologies":[2],"are":[3],"critical":[4,409],"for":[5,306,322,433],"analyzing":[6],"the":[7,32,50,68,114,237,251,272,277,288,298,313,317,330,341,368,408,418,431],"escalating":[8],"impacts":[9,419],"of":[10,34,150,200,265,290,300,382,411,420],"global":[11,428],"climate":[12,91,421],"change":[13,422],"and":[14,27,31,39,55,59,86,97,111,128,158,173,186,213,228,233,245,257,268,309,337,347,351,362,378,416,423,427,437],"increasing":[15,387],"urbanization,":[16],"providing":[17],"vital":[18],"insights":[19],"into":[20,203],"land":[21,25,172,274],"surface":[22,40],"temperature":[23,61],"(LST),":[24],"use":[26],"cover":[28,178],"(LULC)":[29],"changes,":[30],"identification":[33],"urban":[35,41,171,204,336,435],"heat":[36,42],"island":[37,43],"(UHI)":[38],"(SUHI)":[44],"phenomena.":[45],"This":[46,404],"research":[47],"focuses":[48],"on":[49,67,161,425],"nexus":[51],"between":[52,126],"LULC":[53,162,219,295],"alterations":[54],"variations":[56,216],"in":[57,72,109,170,176,183,190,329,389,398,414],"LST":[58,112,129,215,240,254,301,334],"air":[60],"(Tair),":[62],"with":[63,121,271,287,392],"a":[64,104,122,136,151,167,174,180,187,197,207,372,396],"specific":[65],"emphasis":[66],"intensified":[69],"SUHI":[70,383,400],"effect":[71],"Kharkiv,":[73],"Ukraine.":[74],"Employing":[75],"an":[76,386],"integrated":[77],"approach,":[78],"this":[79],"study":[80,406],"analyzes":[81],"time-series":[82],"data":[83,134,163],"from":[84,117,327],"Landsat":[85,144],"MODIS":[87,133],"satellites,":[88],"alongside":[89],"Tair":[90,110,127],"records,":[92],"utilizing":[93],"machine":[94],"learning":[95],"techniques":[96],"linear":[98],"regression":[99],"analysis.":[100,230],"Key":[101],"findings":[102],"indicate":[103],"statistically":[105],"significant":[106,165],"upward":[107],"trend":[108,373,388],"during":[113],"summer":[115],"months":[116],"1984":[118],"to":[119,143,440],"2023,":[120],"notable":[123],"positive":[124],"correlation":[125,138],"across":[130,217,293],"both":[131,307],"datasets.":[132,311],"exhibit":[135],"stronger":[137],"(R2":[139,145],"=":[140,146],"0.879)":[141],"compared":[142],"0.663).":[147],"The":[148,380],"application":[149,289],"supervised":[152],"classification":[153],"through":[154],"Random":[155],"Forest":[156],"algorithms":[157],"vegetation":[159,185,202,235,259,358,364],"indices":[160],"reveals":[164],"alterations:":[166],"70.3%":[168],"increase":[169],"decrement":[175],"vegetative":[177],"comprising":[179],"15.5%":[181],"reduction":[182],"dense":[184,258,357],"62.9%":[188],"decrease":[189],"sparse":[191,201,234,363],"vegetation.":[192],"Change":[193],"detection":[194],"analysis":[195,286,381],"elucidates":[196],"24.6%":[198],"conversion":[199],"land,":[205],"underscoring":[206],"pronounced":[208],"trajectory":[209],"towards":[210],"urbanization.":[211],"Temporal":[212],"seasonal":[214],"different":[218],"classes":[220,260,296,343],"were":[221],"analyzed":[222],"using":[223],"kernel":[224],"density":[225],"estimation":[226],"(KDE)":[227],"boxplot":[229],"Urban":[231],"areas":[232],"had":[236],"smallest":[238],"average":[239,399],"fluctuations,":[241],"at":[242,344,354,359],"2.09":[243],"\u00b0C":[244,267,346,366],"2.16":[246],"\u00b0C,":[247,270,281,349,356,361],"respectively,":[248,350],"but":[249,282],"recorded":[250],"most":[252],"extreme":[253],"values.":[255],"Water":[256],"exhibited":[261],"slightly":[262],"larger":[263],"fluctuations":[264],"2.30":[266],"2.24":[269],"bare":[273,338],"class":[275],"showing":[276],"highest":[278],"fluctuation":[279],"2.46":[280],"fewer":[283],"extremes.":[284],"Quantitative":[285],"Kolmogorov-Smirnov":[291],"tests":[292],"various":[294],"substantiated":[297],"normality":[299,328],"distributions":[302],"p":[303],">":[304],"0.05":[305],"monthly":[308,323],"annual":[310,331],"Conversely,":[312],"Shapiro-Wilk":[314],"test":[315],"validated":[316],"normal":[318],"distribution":[319],"hypothesis":[320],"exclusively":[321],"data,":[324],"indicating":[325,395],"deviations":[326],"data.":[332],"Thresholded":[333],"classifies":[335,352],"lands":[339],"as":[340,367],"warmest":[342],"39.51":[345],"38.20":[348],"water":[353],"35.96":[355],"35.52":[360],"37.71":[365],"coldest,":[369],"which":[370],"is":[371,375],"that":[374],"consistent":[376],"annually":[377],"monthly.":[379],"effects":[384],"demonstrates":[385],"UHI":[390,442],"intensity,":[391],"statistical":[393],"trends":[394],"growth":[397],"values":[401],"over":[402],"time.":[403],"comprehensive":[405],"underscores":[407],"role":[410],"remote":[412],"understanding":[415],"addressing":[417],"urbanization":[424],"local":[426],"climates,":[429],"emphasizing":[430],"need":[432],"sustainable":[434],"planning":[436],"green":[438],"infrastructure":[439],"mitigate":[441],"effects.":[443]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}