{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393317687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071208","title":"Random Forest Classifier for Cloud Clearing of the Operational TROPOMI XCH4 Product","display_name":"Random Forest Classifier for Cloud Clearing of the Operational TROPOMI XCH4 Product","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393317687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16071208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071208","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1208/pdf?version=1711706688","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1208/pdf?version=1711706688","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069671591","display_name":"Tobias Borsdorff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4421-0187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49206369","display_name":"Space Research Organisation Netherlands","ror":"https://ror.org/02wc0kq10","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I49206369"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Borsdorff","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49206369"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49206369"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033313845","display_name":"Mari C. Martinez-Velarte","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49206369","display_name":"Space Research Organisation Netherlands","ror":"https://ror.org/02wc0kq10","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I49206369"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mari C. Martinez-Velarte","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49206369"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49206369"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057564021","display_name":"Maarten Sneep","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-5653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1309140791","display_name":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05dfgh554","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791","https://openalex.org/I331567899","https://openalex.org/I4210140876"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maarten Sneep","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, KNMI, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, KNMI, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006966011","display_name":"Mark ter Linden","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1309140791","display_name":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05dfgh554","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791","https://openalex.org/I331567899","https://openalex.org/I4210140876"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark ter Linden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, KNMI, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, KNMI, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030306948","display_name":"Jochen Landgraf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6069-0598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49206369","display_name":"Space Research Organisation Netherlands","ror":"https://ror.org/02wc0kq10","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I49206369"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jochen Landgraf","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49206369"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49206369"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069671591"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49206369"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8968,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70672018,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"7","first_page":"1208","last_page":"1208"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9801999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14280","display_name":"Big Data Technologies and Applications","score":0.9498999714851379,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.5971516370773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5578669309616089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5074231028556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clearing","display_name":"Clearing","score":0.4985783100128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.41907694935798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3837588131427765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3451751470565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18947991728782654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.18503916263580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1449289619922638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.08946996927261353}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.5971516370773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5578669309616089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5074231028556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134697681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1609677","display_name":"Clearing","level":2,"score":0.4985783100128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.41907694935798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3837588131427765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3451751470565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18947991728782654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.18503916263580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1449289619922638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.08946996927261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16071208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071208","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1208/pdf?version=1711706688","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c9a4c1fb28c34cbc861b42e4c47f3d5a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c9a4c1fb28c34cbc861b42e4c47f3d5a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 7, p 1208 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16071208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071208","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1208/pdf?version=1711706688","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4393317687.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540471798","https://openalex.org/W1979660112","https://openalex.org/W2027404493","https://openalex.org/W2058522703","https://openalex.org/W2061422460","https://openalex.org/W2095598361","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2105099327","https://openalex.org/W2113242816","https://openalex.org/W2187862109","https://openalex.org/W2339763817","https://openalex.org/W2460716791","https://openalex.org/W2793559275","https://openalex.org/W2793614115","https://openalex.org/W2804571805","https://openalex.org/W2900692745","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2949347793","https://openalex.org/W2950888176","https://openalex.org/W2955270999","https://openalex.org/W2995526714","https://openalex.org/W2997050358","https://openalex.org/W3015647385","https://openalex.org/W3092907164","https://openalex.org/W3152954348","https://openalex.org/W4223990846","https://openalex.org/W4283791023","https://openalex.org/W4291019416","https://openalex.org/W4309639356","https://openalex.org/W4361222095","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6751663218","https://openalex.org/W6839787942"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2477731400","https://openalex.org/W4245446927","https://openalex.org/W3009254522","https://openalex.org/W4388072755","https://openalex.org/W4255507289","https://openalex.org/W2483299415","https://openalex.org/W1479845523","https://openalex.org/W2397254005","https://openalex.org/W4236036702"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,67],"TROPOMI":[1,73,89,109,128],"XCH4":[2,20,110,129],"data":[3,21,77,111,130,192,240],"product":[4,12],"requires":[5,87],"rigorous":[6],"cloud":[7,29,81,85,105,137,184,249],"filtering":[8],"to":[9,78,107,200,230,246],"achieve":[10],"a":[11,54,62,115,151,160,187],"accuracy":[13],"of":[14,37,96,136,164,179,191,213,218],"<1%.":[15],"To":[16],"this":[17,50],"end,":[18],"operational":[19,39,108,215],"processing":[22,216],"has":[23,42],"been":[24],"based":[25,60],"on":[26,61,71],"SUOMI-NPP":[27,32,75],"VIIRS":[28,76,119,145,239],"observations.":[30],"However,":[31],"is":[33,69,211,229],"nearing":[34],"the":[35,100,127,140,143,165,174,182,208,214,219,226,247],"end":[36],"its":[38],"life":[40],"and":[41,47,74,91,142,173,198],"encountered":[43],"malfunctions":[44],"in":[45,117,236],"2022":[46],"2023.":[48],"In":[49],"study,":[51],"we":[52,125,244],"introduce":[53],"novel":[55],"machine":[56],"learning":[57],"cloud-clearing":[58],"approach":[59,102,210],"random":[63],"forest":[64],"classifier":[65],"(RFC).":[66],"RFC":[68,101,141,183,209,248],"trained":[70],"collocated":[72],"emulate":[79],"VIIRS-like":[80],"clearing.":[82],"After":[83],"training,":[84],"masking":[86],"only":[88],"data,":[90],"so":[92],"becomes":[93],"operationally":[94],"independent":[95],"SUOMI-NPP.":[97],"We":[98],"demonstrate":[99],"by":[103],"applying":[104],"clearing":[106,138,185],"for":[112],"August":[113],"2022,":[114],"period":[116],"which":[118],"was":[120],"not":[121],"operational.":[122],"For":[123,224],"validation,":[124],"analyze":[126],"at":[131],"12":[132,171],"TCCON":[133],"stations.":[134],"Comparison":[135],"using":[139],"original":[144],"method":[146],"reveals":[147],"excellent":[148],"agreement":[149],"with":[150],"similar":[152,161],"station-to-station":[153,166],"bias":[154,167],"(\u22127.4":[155],"ppb":[156,169],"versus":[157,170,194],"\u22125.6":[158],"ppb),":[159,172],"standard":[162],"deviation":[163],"(11.6":[168],"same":[175],"Pearson":[176],"correlation":[177],"coefficient":[178],"0.9.":[180],"Remarkably,":[181],"provides":[186],"slightly":[188],"higher":[189],"volume":[190],"(2182":[193],"2035":[195],"daily":[196],"means)":[197],"appears":[199],"have":[201],"fewer":[202],"outliers.":[203],"Since":[204],"21":[205],"November":[206],"2023,":[207],"part":[212],"chain":[217],"European":[220],"Space":[221],"Agency":[222],"(ESA).":[223],"now,":[225],"default":[227],"practice":[228],"utilize":[231],"SNPP-VIIRS":[232],"when":[233],"accessible.":[234],"Only":[235],"cases":[237],"where":[238],"are":[241],"unavailable":[242],"do":[243],"resort":[245],"mask.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-01-24T23:23:39.755997","created_date":"2024-03-30T00:00:00"}