{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393309695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071200","title":"Influences of Climate Variability on Land Use and Land Cover Change in Rural South Africa","display_name":"Influences of Climate Variability on Land Use and Land Cover Change in Rural South Africa","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393309695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071200"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16071200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071200","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1200/pdf?version=1711698659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1200/pdf?version=1711698659","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012042028","display_name":"Buster Mogonong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2156-6794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","ror":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140899","display_name":"South African Environmental Observation Network","ror":"https://ror.org/041j42q70","country_code":"ZA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140899","https://openalex.org/I866804994"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Buster Percy Mogonong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa","South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Pretoria 0001, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2156-6794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Pretoria 0001, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015848654","display_name":"Wayne Twine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4163-198X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","ror":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wayne Twine","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa","of , , the"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4163-198X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of , , the","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053122943","display_name":"Gregor Feig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-4783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140899","display_name":"South African Environmental Observation Network","ror":"https://ror.org/041j42q70","country_code":"ZA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140899","https://openalex.org/I866804994"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","display_name":"University of Pretoria","ror":"https://ror.org/00g0p6g84","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregor Timothy Feig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa","South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Pretoria 0001, South Africa","of , , the"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-4783","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Pretoria 0001, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140899"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of , , the","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035703895","display_name":"Helga van der Merwe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7677-5123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157614274","display_name":"University of Cape Town","ror":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140899","display_name":"South African Environmental Observation Network","ror":"https://ror.org/041j42q70","country_code":"ZA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140899","https://openalex.org/I866804994"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helga Van der Merwe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa","South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Pretoria 0001, South Africa","of , , the"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Pretoria 0001, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140899"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of , , the","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011367368","display_name":"Jolene T. Fisher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1626-7610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","ror":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jolene T. Fisher","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa","of , , the"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1626-7610","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of , , the","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":3.1226,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91881865,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"7","first_page":"1200","last_page":"1200"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10889","display_name":"Soil erosion and sediment transport","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12467","display_name":"Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"Climate change","score":0.5926507115364075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.5160410404205322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.477832555770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.44871973991394043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.38919371366500854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3884970545768738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.36094826459884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.12078365683555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.11961957812309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.07040470838546753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.5926507115364075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5160410404205322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.477832555770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.44871973991394043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.38919371366500854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3884970545768738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.36094826459884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.12078365683555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11961957812309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.07040470838546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16071200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071200","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1200/pdf?version=1711698659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:924f7766a6094ccb90eadc868748a173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/924f7766a6094ccb90eadc868748a173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 7, p 1200 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/102251","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2263/102251","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401870","display_name":"UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","host_organization_name":"University of Pretoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16071200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071200","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/7/1200/pdf?version=1711698659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G59187930","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"130043","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4393309695.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W186269170","https://openalex.org/W582898713","https://openalex.org/W1811668902","https://openalex.org/W1969974566","https://openalex.org/W1975209076","https://openalex.org/W1980248941","https://openalex.org/W1986417541","https://openalex.org/W1994779145","https://openalex.org/W1999703491","https://openalex.org/W2002049069","https://openalex.org/W2002115844","https://openalex.org/W2018847165","https://openalex.org/W2031513463","https://openalex.org/W2034994370","https://openalex.org/W2077968790","https://openalex.org/W2095074516","https://openalex.org/W2095679326","https://openalex.org/W2095983304","https://openalex.org/W2114926945","https://openalex.org/W2117530527","https://openalex.org/W2158031399","https://openalex.org/W2165498247","https://openalex.org/W2261059368","https://openalex.org/W2326960010","https://openalex.org/W2344896533","https://openalex.org/W2473658880","https://openalex.org/W2531841534","https://openalex.org/W2794402946","https://openalex.org/W2897621238","https://openalex.org/W2909239838","https://openalex.org/W2921701549","https://openalex.org/W2940267970","https://openalex.org/W3006369642","https://openalex.org/W3018002184","https://openalex.org/W3043112014","https://openalex.org/W3046244028","https://openalex.org/W3081298122","https://openalex.org/W3088998742","https://openalex.org/W3106842452","https://openalex.org/W3164611161","https://openalex.org/W3214802788","https://openalex.org/W4231909710","https://openalex.org/W4280488632","https://openalex.org/W4281980475","https://openalex.org/W4385604329","https://openalex.org/W4386409130","https://openalex.org/W6607533102","https://openalex.org/W6642787554","https://openalex.org/W6674135936","https://openalex.org/W6683181198","https://openalex.org/W6780716378","https://openalex.org/W6786628372","https://openalex.org/W6803797770"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3133615129","https://openalex.org/W2087854757","https://openalex.org/W2188959887","https://openalex.org/W2373152553","https://openalex.org/W3192667092","https://openalex.org/W4389201442","https://openalex.org/W2386169820","https://openalex.org/W604251607","https://openalex.org/W3170595163","https://openalex.org/W2156540855"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Changes":[0],"in":[1,34,58,76,81,93,106,181,188,197,204,229,242],"land":[2,5,96,123,126,173],"use":[3,124],"and":[4,9,17,39,46,91,99,125,137,191,201,208],"cover":[6,97,127],"over":[7,108],"space":[8],"time":[10],"are":[11,29],"an":[12,55,130],"indication":[13],"of":[14,36,43,61,133,158,232],"biophysical,":[15],"socio-economic,":[16],"political":[18],"dynamics.":[19],"In":[20,48],"rural":[21,74,243],"communities,":[22],"land-based":[23],"livelihood":[24],"strategies":[25],"such":[26],"as":[27,40,84,140,142,151,164],"agriculture":[28],"crucial":[30],"for":[31],"sustaining":[32],"livelihoods":[33],"terms":[35],"food":[37],"provision":[38],"a":[41,85,109,230],"source":[42],"local":[44],"employment":[45],"income.":[47],"recent":[49],"years,":[50],"African":[51],"studies":[52],"have":[53],"documented":[54],"overall":[56,95,131],"decline":[57],"the":[59,94,118,143,156,165,209,239],"extent":[60],"small-scale":[62,100],"crop":[63,67,162,220],"farming,":[64,163],"with":[65],"many":[66],"fields":[68],"left":[69],"abandoned.":[70],"This":[71],"study":[72,87],"uses":[73],"areas":[75],"three":[77],"former":[78],"apartheid":[79],"homelands":[80],"South":[82],"Africa":[83],"case":[86],"to":[88,104,121,154,178,185,194,237],"quantify":[89],"patterns":[90],"trends":[92],"change":[98],"agricultural":[101],"lands":[102],"related":[103],"changes":[105],"climate":[107,152,159],"38-year":[110],"period.":[111],"Random":[112],"forest":[113],"classification":[114],"was":[115],"applied":[116],"on":[117,161,170],"Landsat":[119],"imagery":[120],"detect":[122],"change,":[128],"achieving":[129],"accuracy":[132],"above":[134],"80%.":[135],"Rainfall":[136],"temperature":[138],"anomalies,":[139],"well":[141],"Standardized":[144],"Precipitation":[145],"Evapotranspiration":[146],"Index":[147],"(SPEI)":[148],"were":[149,211],"used":[150],"proxies":[153],"assess":[155],"influence":[157,238],"variability":[160,218],"systems":[166],"investigated":[167],"rely":[168],"completely":[169],"rainfall.":[171],"Agricultural":[172],"declined":[174],"from":[175],"107.5":[176],"km2":[177,180,184,187,193,196],"49.5":[179],"Umhlabuyalingana;":[182],"54":[183],"1.6":[186],"Joe":[189],"Morolong;":[190],"254.6":[192],"7.4":[195],"Mangaung":[198],"between":[199],"1984":[200],"2022.":[202],"Declines":[203],"cropland":[205],"cover,":[206],"precipitation,":[207],"SPEI":[210],"highly":[212],"correlated.":[213],"We":[214],"argue":[215],"that":[216,234],"climatic":[217],"influences":[219],"farming":[221],"activities;":[222],"however,":[223],"this":[224],"could":[225],"be":[226],"one":[227],"factor":[228],"suite":[231],"drivers":[233],"interact":[235],"together":[236],"cropping":[240],"practices":[241],"areas.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
