{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392651385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16060966","title":"A Review of Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Profiles and Cloud Properties by Ground-Based Microwave Radiometers in Central China","display_name":"A Review of Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Profiles and Cloud Properties by Ground-Based Microwave Radiometers in Central China","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392651385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16060966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16060966","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16060966","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/6/966/pdf?version=1710049400","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/6/966/pdf?version=1710049400","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100606489","display_name":"Guirong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8127-1173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guirong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Meteorological Administration Basin Heavy Rainfall Key Laboratory, Institute of Heavy Rain, China Meteorological Administration, Wuhan 430205, China","Hubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Research, Institute of Heavy Rain, China Meteorological Administration, Wuhan 430205, China","Key Laboratory of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100089, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Meteorological Administration Basin Heavy Rainfall Key Laboratory, Institute of Heavy Rain, China Meteorological Administration, Wuhan 430205, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Research, Institute of Heavy Rain, China Meteorological Administration, Wuhan 430205, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100089, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100606489"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.182,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86393864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"6","first_page":"966","last_page":"966"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7338637113571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6830182075500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-radiometer","display_name":"Microwave radiometer","score":0.6059418320655823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.5870891213417053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.5502932667732239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.4797859787940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.43083053827285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.32347923517227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.17007628083229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09516450762748718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.05717805027961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.04410022497177124}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7338637113571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6830182075500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96960616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3814470","display_name":"Microwave radiometer","level":3,"score":0.6059418320655823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.5870891213417053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.5502932667732239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4797859787940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.43083053827285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.32347923517227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.17007628083229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09516450762748718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.05717805027961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.04410022497177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16060966","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16060966","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/6/966/pdf?version=1710049400","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d08eb99f4f8a4164a49cbd54ff132fce","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d08eb99f4f8a4164a49cbd54ff132fce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 6, p 966 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16060966","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16060966","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/6/966/pdf?version=1710049400","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2686952835","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42375139","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2815841594","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LUM-2023-08","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321569","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392651385.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W167025544","https://openalex.org/W1525568308","https://openalex.org/W1717198923","https://openalex.org/W1849524367","https://openalex.org/W1961413005","https://openalex.org/W1964850511","https://openalex.org/W1966532018","https://openalex.org/W1994440125","https://openalex.org/W1998759703","https://openalex.org/W2004743298","https://openalex.org/W2014163757","https://openalex.org/W2023555976","https://openalex.org/W2042989004","https://openalex.org/W2053929965","https://openalex.org/W2068074722","https://openalex.org/W2085335963","https://openalex.org/W2095702361","https://openalex.org/W2096615707","https://openalex.org/W2099494732","https://openalex.org/W2101918750","https://openalex.org/W2103102961","https://openalex.org/W2111733425","https://openalex.org/W2114317965","https://openalex.org/W2116110054","https://openalex.org/W2119103799","https://openalex.org/W2129011867","https://openalex.org/W2138049558","https://openalex.org/W2138314375","https://openalex.org/W2144325766","https://openalex.org/W2158120468","https://openalex.org/W2317858842","https://openalex.org/W2347792089","https://openalex.org/W2388168803","https://openalex.org/W2463639542","https://openalex.org/W2513465265","https://openalex.org/W2749578359","https://openalex.org/W2899452679","https://openalex.org/W2947563751","https://openalex.org/W2998876457","https://openalex.org/W3092004113","https://openalex.org/W3130685048","https://openalex.org/W4289522517","https://openalex.org/W4376629635","https://openalex.org/W6772520698","https://openalex.org/W6910225891"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381259876","https://openalex.org/W2016007472","https://openalex.org/W2360231461","https://openalex.org/W2413930784","https://openalex.org/W2140108161","https://openalex.org/W2005776842","https://openalex.org/W1983957298","https://openalex.org/W2165236048","https://openalex.org/W2388976256","https://openalex.org/W2013323393"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Thermodynamic":[0],"and":[1,37,77,97,117,127,130,141,178,201,207,238],"liquid":[2,118],"water":[3,119,188],"profiles":[4,36],"can":[5,147],"be":[6,69,221],"retrieved":[7],"by":[8,40],"a":[9,103],"ground-based":[10],"microwave":[11],"radiometer":[12],"(MWR)":[13],"in":[14,31,42,139,234],"nearly":[15],"all":[16],"weather":[17,206,209],"conditions,":[18],"which":[19],"is":[20,52,66,136,180,229],"useful":[21],"for":[22,91,124,198,231],"detecting":[23,235],"mesoscale":[24],"phenomena.":[25],"This":[26],"paper":[27],"reviews":[28],"the":[29,73,131,152,158,167,183,211],"advances":[30],"remote":[32],"sensing":[33],"of":[34,71,75,94,112,134,186,204,214],"atmospheric":[35,187],"cloud":[38,107,113,164],"properties":[39,165],"MWR":[41,49,80,87,100,146,215,225,232],"central":[43,176],"China.":[44],"Comparative":[45],"studies":[46,84],"indicate":[47],"that":[48,59,86,145],"retrieval":[50,81],"accuracy":[51,213],"different":[53,123,138,184],"under":[54,61,218],"various":[55],"skies,":[56],"especially":[57],"those":[58,174],"decay":[60],"precipitation.":[62],"The":[63,109],"off-zenith":[64],"method":[65],"proven":[67],"to":[68,105,157,182],"capable":[70],"reducing":[72],"impact":[74],"precipitation":[76,160,219],"snow":[78],"on":[79],"accuracy.":[82],"Application":[83],"demonstrate":[85],"retrievals":[88,101,150,217],"are":[89,122],"helpful":[90],"early":[92,202],"warning":[93,203],"rainstorms,":[95],"hailstorms,":[96],"thunderstorms.":[98],"Moreover,":[99],"provide":[102],"way":[104],"study":[106,200],"properties.":[108],"temporal":[110],"variations":[111],"occurrence":[114],"frequency":[115],"(COF)":[116],"path":[120],"(LWP)":[121],"low,":[125],"middle,":[126],"high":[128],"clouds,":[129],"vertical":[132],"distribution":[133],"COF":[135],"also":[137],"autumn":[140],"other":[142,227],"seasons.":[143],"Note":[144],"infer":[148],"valid":[149],"over":[151,161,166,175],"eastern":[153,168],"Tibetan":[154,169],"Plateau":[155,170],"due":[156],"weak":[159],"there.":[162],"Also,":[163],"present":[171],"differences":[172],"from":[173],"China,":[177],"this":[179],"related":[181],"characteristics":[185],"vapor":[189],"between":[190],"these":[191],"two":[192],"regions.":[193],"To":[194],"bring":[195],"more":[196],"benefits":[197],"mechanism":[199],"severe":[205],"numerical":[208],"prediction,":[210],"decayed":[212],"zenith":[216],"should":[220],"resolved.":[222],"And":[223],"combining":[224],"with":[226],"instruments":[228],"necessary":[230],"application":[233],"multi-layer":[236],"clouds":[237],"ice":[239],"clouds.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}