{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391606225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16040621","title":"SAR Multi-Angle Observation Method for Multipath Suppression in Enclosed Spaces","display_name":"SAR Multi-Angle Observation Method for Multipath Suppression in Enclosed Spaces","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391606225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16040621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16040621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16040621","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/4/621/pdf?version=1707307279","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/4/621/pdf?version=1707307279","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086281345","display_name":"Yun Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3020-5715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1456306","display_name":"North China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01nky7652","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101734735","display_name":"Jiameng Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3608-3752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1456306","display_name":"North China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01nky7652","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiameng Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100652818","display_name":"Yanping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1287-670X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1456306","display_name":"North China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01nky7652","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yanping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100421249","display_name":"Yang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5169-8638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1456306","display_name":"North China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01nky7652","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020325868","display_name":"Wenjie Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7442-4605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1456306","display_name":"North China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01nky7652","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089483751","display_name":"Zechao Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4925-440X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1456306","display_name":"North China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01nky7652","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zechao Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar Monitoring Technology Laboratory, School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100652818"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":9.7718,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97090057,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"621","last_page":"621"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6870805621147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.5049808621406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4389956295490265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.4190694987773895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.41545552015304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3653673529624939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14714956283569336}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6870805621147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.5049808621406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4389956295490265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.4190694987773895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.41545552015304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3653673529624939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14714956283569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16040621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16040621","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/4/621/pdf?version=1707307279","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:394661e569f24649909f084f104271d9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/394661e569f24649909f084f104271d9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 4, p 621 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16040621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16040621","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/4/621/pdf?version=1707307279","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2847385575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62131001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5088611454","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IDHT20190501","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G930787686","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391606225.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391606225.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509127002","https://openalex.org/W1525292373","https://openalex.org/W1967040897","https://openalex.org/W2003015036","https://openalex.org/W2063870433","https://openalex.org/W2079305203","https://openalex.org/W2124637907","https://openalex.org/W2138347261","https://openalex.org/W2154368165","https://openalex.org/W2161035945","https://openalex.org/W2313398862","https://openalex.org/W2510792636","https://openalex.org/W2625094574","https://openalex.org/W2746325050","https://openalex.org/W2773828237","https://openalex.org/W2792812842","https://openalex.org/W2883877539","https://openalex.org/W2908073065","https://openalex.org/W2912713479","https://openalex.org/W2974882478","https://openalex.org/W3097197588","https://openalex.org/W3203126653","https://openalex.org/W4210577582","https://openalex.org/W4285133336","https://openalex.org/W4285291225","https://openalex.org/W4296437776","https://openalex.org/W4312881394","https://openalex.org/W4313200198","https://openalex.org/W4316661105","https://openalex.org/W4378473301","https://openalex.org/W4383220139","https://openalex.org/W4391132239","https://openalex.org/W6785252862","https://openalex.org/W6840346028","https://openalex.org/W6848303989","https://openalex.org/W6849075785"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2324615561","https://openalex.org/W2086120259","https://openalex.org/W2245170124","https://openalex.org/W2076393078","https://openalex.org/W2376969857","https://openalex.org/W3186982001","https://openalex.org/W2137941439","https://openalex.org/W1984402782","https://openalex.org/W1999913942","https://openalex.org/W2004200960"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"aperture":[1],"radar":[2],"(SAR)":[3],"is":[4,25,207],"a":[5,73,133,196],"powerful":[6],"tool":[7],"for":[8,201],"detecting":[9],"and":[10,19,42,62,110,124,142,169,203,211],"imaging":[11],"targets":[12],"in":[13,50,185,224],"enclosed":[14],"environments,":[15],"such":[16,39],"as":[17,40,164],"tunnels":[18],"underground":[20,216],"garages.":[21],"However,":[22],"SAR":[23,213],"performance":[24],"degraded":[26],"by":[27,37],"multipath":[28,54,147,226],"effects,":[29],"which":[30,57,152],"occur":[31],"when":[32],"electromagnetic":[33],"waves":[34],"are":[35,199],"reflected":[36],"obstacles,":[38],"walls,":[41],"interfere":[43],"with":[44],"the":[45,51,59,64,83,86,94,97,100,103,121,126,140,154,165,179,186,191,204,219],"direct":[46],"signal.":[47],"This":[48,80,150],"results":[49],"formation":[52],"of":[53,88,96,102,145,157,181,221],"ghost":[55,89,122,227],"images,":[56],"obscure":[58],"true":[60,104],"target":[61,105,127],"reduce":[63],"image":[65,189],"quality.":[66],"To":[67],"overcome":[68],"this":[69,222],"challenge,":[70],"we":[71,118,131],"propose":[72],"novel":[74],"method":[75,81,223],"based":[76],"on":[77,93],"multi-angle":[78,158,175],"observation.":[79],"exploits":[82],"fact":[84],"that":[85],"position":[87,101],"images":[90,123],"changes":[91],"depending":[92],"angle":[95],"radar,":[98],"while":[99],"remains":[106],"stable.":[107],"By":[108],"collecting":[109],"processing":[111],"multiple":[112,171],"data":[113,172,188,214],"sets":[114,173],"from":[115,160,174,190,215],"different":[116],"angles,":[117],"can":[119],"eliminate":[120],"enhance":[125],"image.":[128],"In":[129],"addition,":[130],"introduce":[132],"center":[134,166,192],"vector":[135],"distance":[136,180],"algorithm":[137],"to":[138],"address":[139],"complexity":[141],"computational":[143],"intensity":[144,183],"existing":[146],"suppression":[148],"algorithms.":[149],"algorithm,":[151],"defines":[153],"primary":[155],"direction":[156],"vectors":[159],"stable":[161],"scattering":[162],"centers":[163],"vector,":[167],"processes":[168],"synthesizes":[170],"observations.":[176],"It":[177],"calculates":[178],"pixel":[182],"sequences":[184],"composite":[187],"vector.":[193],"Pixels":[194],"within":[195],"specified":[197],"threshold":[198],"used":[200],"imaging,":[202],"final":[205],"result":[206],"obtained.":[208],"Simulation":[209],"experiments":[210],"real":[212],"garages":[217],"confirm":[218],"effectiveness":[220],"suppressing":[225],"images.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}