{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391541627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030586","title":"A Method for Retrieving Cloud Microphysical Properties Using Combined Measurement of Millimeter-Wave Radar and Lidar","display_name":"A Method for Retrieving Cloud Microphysical Properties Using Combined Measurement of Millimeter-Wave Radar and Lidar","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391541627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030586"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030586","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/586/pdf?version=1707035879","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/586/pdf?version=1707035879","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081079211","display_name":"Weiqi Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1173-7722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiqi Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Ocean Science, Institute of Atmospheric Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Ocean Science, Institute of Atmospheric Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010713031","display_name":"Qianshan He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1901-7457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131507","display_name":"Shanghai Meteorological Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbkt876","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qianshan He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081905830","display_name":"Tiantao Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3385-6759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiantao Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["CMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China","Department of Atmospheric and Ocean Science, Institute of Atmospheric Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","Institute of Eco-Chongming (SIEC), Shanghai 202150, China","Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Boundary Dynamics and Climate Change, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Ocean Science, Institute of Atmospheric Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Eco-Chongming (SIEC), Shanghai 202150, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Boundary Dynamics and Climate Change, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021778974","display_name":"Haojun Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131507","display_name":"Shanghai Meteorological Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbkt876","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Meteorological Information and Technology Support Center, Shanghai 200030, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Meteorological Information and Technology Support Center, Shanghai 200030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101852153","display_name":"Chao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7049-493X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131507","display_name":"Shanghai Meteorological Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbkt876","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Meteorological Information and Technology Support Center, Shanghai 200030, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Meteorological Information and Technology Support Center, Shanghai 200030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018429543","display_name":"Jie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7261-5413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131507","display_name":"Shanghai Meteorological Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbkt876","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102613578","display_name":"Zhecheng Hong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131507","display_name":"Shanghai Meteorological Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbkt876","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhecheng Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101908995","display_name":"Xinrong Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6239-8585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131507","display_name":"Shanghai Meteorological Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbkt876","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinrong Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102613579","display_name":"Yiyuan Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131507","display_name":"Shanghai Meteorological Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/03tbkt876","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiyuan Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010713031"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131507"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.091,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7385618,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"586","last_page":"586"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.7505391836166382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7454403638839722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.5712357759475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5003256797790527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.46591901779174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4145694375038147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.251664936542511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2183002233505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07648301124572754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.7505391836166382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7454403638839722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.5712357759475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5003256797790527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.46591901779174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4145694375038147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.251664936542511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2183002233505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07648301124572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030586","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/586/pdf?version=1707035879","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a1ef479325534a579a8cf663bd88f42a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a1ef479325534a579a8cf663bd88f42a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 3, p 586 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030586","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/586/pdf?version=1707035879","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G100126249","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22ZR1404000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2726706647","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFC3708202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2749335583","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42330603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3301307894","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42175179","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391541627.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1625021374","https://openalex.org/W1906093581","https://openalex.org/W1973573443","https://openalex.org/W1980100705","https://openalex.org/W1991322113","https://openalex.org/W2011189209","https://openalex.org/W2014059592","https://openalex.org/W2026455139","https://openalex.org/W2026633643","https://openalex.org/W2031894925","https://openalex.org/W2035985737","https://openalex.org/W2043338991","https://openalex.org/W2056575570","https://openalex.org/W2057334823","https://openalex.org/W2063032378","https://openalex.org/W2068469870","https://openalex.org/W2072091687","https://openalex.org/W2084904904","https://openalex.org/W2088909842","https://openalex.org/W2096615707","https://openalex.org/W2116304420","https://openalex.org/W2117955810","https://openalex.org/W2131098838","https://openalex.org/W2142477999","https://openalex.org/W2143117507","https://openalex.org/W2171355244","https://openalex.org/W2172826962","https://openalex.org/W2382091334","https://openalex.org/W2463021868","https://openalex.org/W2563754850","https://openalex.org/W2783296816","https://openalex.org/W3013969609","https://openalex.org/W3038302500","https://openalex.org/W3086860168","https://openalex.org/W4214876279","https://openalex.org/W6810157718","https://openalex.org/W6980622524"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319317934","https://openalex.org/W2901265155","https://openalex.org/W2956374172","https://openalex.org/W2351984678","https://openalex.org/W2140032575","https://openalex.org/W2011860471","https://openalex.org/W3011451421","https://openalex.org/W2012196540","https://openalex.org/W196913356","https://openalex.org/W2369026988"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clouds":[0],"are":[1,9],"an":[2],"important":[3],"component":[4],"of":[5,20,40,65,127,135,142,149],"weather":[6],"systems":[7],"and":[8,18,37,50,58,78,100,138],"difficult":[10,32],"to":[11,24,33,82,89],"effectively":[12],"characterize":[13],"using":[14,55],"current":[15],"climate":[16],"models":[17],"estimation":[19],"radiative":[21],"forcing.":[22],"Due":[23],"the":[25,62,91,95,111,146],"limitations":[26],"in":[27],"observational":[28],"capabilities,":[29],"it":[30],"remains":[31],"obtain":[34],"high-spatiotemporal-resolution,":[35],"continuous,":[36],"accurate":[38],"observations":[39,105],"clouds.":[41],"To":[42],"overcome":[43],"this":[44,150],"issue,":[45],"we":[46],"propose":[47],"a":[48,107,132,139],"novel":[49],"practical":[51],"combined":[52,151],"retrieval":[53,152],"method":[54,86],"millimeter-wave":[56],"radar":[57],"lidar,":[59],"which":[60],"enables":[61],"microphysical":[63,129],"properties":[64,130],"thin":[66],"liquid":[67,79],"water":[68,80],"clouds,":[69],"such":[70],"as":[71],"cloud":[72,128],"droplet":[73],"effective":[74],"radius,":[75],"number":[76],"concentration,":[77],"content,":[81],"be":[83],"retrieved.":[84],"This":[85,122],"was":[87,101,117],"utilized":[88],"analyze":[90],"clouds":[92],"observed":[93],"at":[94],"Shanghai":[96],"World":[97],"Expo":[98],"Park":[99],"validated":[102],"through":[103,119],"synchronous":[104],"with":[106,131],"microwave":[108],"radiometer.":[109],"Furthermore,":[110],"most":[112],"suitable":[113],"extinction":[114],"backscatter":[115],"ratio":[116],"determined":[118],"sensitivity":[120],"analysis.":[121],"study":[123],"provides":[124],"vertical":[125],"distributions":[126],"time":[133],"resolution":[134,141],"1":[136],"min":[137],"spatial":[140],"30":[143],"m,":[144],"demonstrating":[145],"scientific":[147],"potential":[148],"method.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
