{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391351285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030515","title":"Sea Ice Detection from RADARSAT-2 Quad-Polarization SAR Imagery Based on Co- and Cross-Polarization Ratio","display_name":"Sea Ice Detection from RADARSAT-2 Quad-Polarization SAR Imagery Based on Co- and Cross-Polarization Ratio","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391351285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030515","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/515/pdf?version=1706523186","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/515/pdf?version=1706523186","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101703880","display_name":"Li Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5519-9241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011436440","display_name":"Tao Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2070-8343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113896","display_name":"Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026sv7t11","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113896"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tao Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China","School of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113896"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003569115","display_name":"William Perrie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3598-2791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319689352","display_name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/02qa1x782","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319689352","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800026062","display_name":"Bedford Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/03bz9t645","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800026062"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Perrie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800026062","https://openalex.org/I1319689352"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017102760","display_name":"Jingsong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7514-3212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109544","display_name":"Second Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01tkb7c15","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109544"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingsong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109544","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011436440"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125","https://openalex.org/I4210113896"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.3234,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91808652,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"515","last_page":"515"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice","display_name":"Sea ice","score":0.6998174786567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6347434520721436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6077440977096558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.4976237118244171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4693276286125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.45002278685569763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arctic","display_name":"Arctic","score":0.416952908039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.40379780530929565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.37729910016059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.2656900882720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.1464342474937439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12017756700515747}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.6998174786567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6347434520721436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6077440977096558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4976237118244171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4693276286125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.45002278685569763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518008717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25322","display_name":"Arctic","level":2,"score":0.416952908039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.40379780530929565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.37729910016059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.2656900882720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.1464342474937439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12017756700515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030515","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/515/pdf?version=1706523186","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c01d12d815c24bd681b622b2f9ff3225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c01d12d815c24bd681b622b2f9ff3225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 3, p 515 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030515","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/515/pdf?version=1706523186","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1104790288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RADARSAT-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334436","funder_display_name":"Canadian Space Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1429699801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFC3104900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4730855850","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFC2803302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5631951825","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42176180","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331771","display_name":"European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts","ror":"https://ror.org/014w0fd65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334436","display_name":"Canadian Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1gte98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391351285.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1875592267","https://openalex.org/W1963834619","https://openalex.org/W1964396366","https://openalex.org/W1970590897","https://openalex.org/W1980508351","https://openalex.org/W2010610937","https://openalex.org/W2019911889","https://openalex.org/W2032063999","https://openalex.org/W2055924182","https://openalex.org/W2072858605","https://openalex.org/W2074145556","https://openalex.org/W2077392666","https://openalex.org/W2097676885","https://openalex.org/W2098454176","https://openalex.org/W2100235001","https://openalex.org/W2107733948","https://openalex.org/W2114679477","https://openalex.org/W2119473071","https://openalex.org/W2122494195","https://openalex.org/W2130484591","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2134346724","https://openalex.org/W2142026865","https://openalex.org/W2144462256","https://openalex.org/W2146220215","https://openalex.org/W2168949884","https://openalex.org/W2317704377","https://openalex.org/W2346302788","https://openalex.org/W2463404136","https://openalex.org/W2616164023","https://openalex.org/W2796766089","https://openalex.org/W2910527120","https://openalex.org/W2945348433","https://openalex.org/W2949284170","https://openalex.org/W3017049878","https://openalex.org/W3027787888","https://openalex.org/W3037800132","https://openalex.org/W3040593397","https://openalex.org/W3042392522","https://openalex.org/W3043081129","https://openalex.org/W3044440238","https://openalex.org/W3048553107","https://openalex.org/W3063084726","https://openalex.org/W3095991537","https://openalex.org/W3120319908","https://openalex.org/W3132784030","https://openalex.org/W3134426683","https://openalex.org/W3155810142","https://openalex.org/W3158152196","https://openalex.org/W3165630282","https://openalex.org/W4213351687","https://openalex.org/W4214572665","https://openalex.org/W4283527791","https://openalex.org/W4283641179","https://openalex.org/W4288064518","https://openalex.org/W4365130891","https://openalex.org/W4380630610","https://openalex.org/W4384283977","https://openalex.org/W4385811745","https://openalex.org/W6664378612","https://openalex.org/W6851626779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3004595093","https://openalex.org/W2314138898","https://openalex.org/W2564920106","https://openalex.org/W1966995324","https://openalex.org/W1636101495","https://openalex.org/W3159851593","https://openalex.org/W4249616540","https://openalex.org/W1982253424","https://openalex.org/W2373964333","https://openalex.org/W2355001665"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Arctic":[0,11],"sea":[1,38,64,86,144,149],"ice":[2,39,65,87,145,150],"detection":[3,40,66,88,146],"is":[4,42,114,126,141],"very":[5],"important":[6],"in":[7,63,147],"global":[8],"climate":[9],"research,":[10],"ecosystem":[12],"protection,":[13],"ship":[14],"navigation":[15],"and":[16,28,151],"human":[17],"activities.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20],"paper,":[21],"by":[22,116],"combining":[23],"the":[24,57,76,106,109,119],"co-pol":[25,58],"ratio":[26,33,59,81,135],"(HH/VV)":[27],"two":[29,77],"kinds":[30,78],"of":[31,71,79,108,132],"cross-pol":[32,80,110],"(HV/VV,":[34],"HV/HH),":[35],"a":[36,68,102],"novel":[37],"method":[41,113,140],"proposed":[43],"based":[44],"on":[45,105],"RADARSAT-2":[46],"quad-polarization":[47],"synthetic":[48],"aperture":[49],"radar":[50],"(SAR)":[51],"images.":[52],"Experimental":[53],"results":[54],"suggest":[55],"that":[56,131],"shows":[60],"promising":[61],"capability":[62],"at":[67,89],"wide":[69],"range":[70],"incidence":[72,91,95],"angles":[73,92,96],"(25\u201350\u00b0),":[74],"while":[75],"are":[82],"more":[83],"applicable":[84],"to":[85],"small":[90],"(20\u201335\u00b0).":[93],"When":[94],"exceed":[97],"35\u00b0,":[98],"wind":[99,152],"conditions":[100],"have":[101],"great":[103],"effect":[104],"performance":[107],"ratio.":[111],"Our":[112,139],"validated":[115],"comparison":[117],"with":[118],"visual":[120],"interpretation":[121],"results.":[122],"The":[123],"overall":[124],"accuracy":[125],"96%,":[127],"far":[128],"higher":[129],"than":[130],"single":[133],"polarization":[134],"(PR)":[136],"parameter-based":[137],"methods.":[138],"suitable":[142],"for":[143],"complex":[148],"conditions.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}