{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391218289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030468","title":"Spatiotemporal Distributions of the Thunderstorm and Lightning Structures over the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau","display_name":"Spatiotemporal Distributions of the Thunderstorm and Lightning Structures over the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391218289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030468"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030468","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030468","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/468/pdf?version=1706185189","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/468/pdf?version=1706185189","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036852593","display_name":"Yangxingyi Du","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangxingyi Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062446951","display_name":"Dong Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-3296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210000, China","State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100376298","display_name":"Yijun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7573-424X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058751400","display_name":"Wen Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0622-8095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080303452","display_name":"Liangtao Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7901-2925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liangtao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111118200","display_name":"Xianggui Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianggui Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naqu Meteorological Service, Naqu 852000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naqu Meteorological Service, Naqu 852000, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062446951"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092","https://openalex.org/I200845125","https://openalex.org/I4210133131"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.9947,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74131014,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"468","last_page":"468"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thunderstorm","display_name":"Thunderstorm","score":0.9345409870147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightning","display_name":"Lightning (connector)","score":0.6536694169044495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plateau","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","score":0.6264920234680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.5359346270561218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.4759000241756439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-distribution","display_name":"Spatial distribution","score":0.45367783308029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.43117809295654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.428619921207428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.39340734481811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.3241015076637268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.27679839730262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.2061028778553009}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80316258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2857578","display_name":"Thunderstorm","level":2,"score":0.9345409870147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69398868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129052","display_name":"Lightning (connector)","level":3,"score":0.6536694169044495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4968575","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6264920234680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.5359346270561218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.4759000241756439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574061","display_name":"Spatial distribution","level":2,"score":0.45367783308029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.43117809295654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.428619921207428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.39340734481811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.3241015076637268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.27679839730262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.2061028778553009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030468","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030468","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/468/pdf?version=1706185189","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8d31366ebf4b4337a69800ce181b23fc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8d31366ebf4b4337a69800ce181b23fc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 3, p 468 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030468","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030468","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/468/pdf?version=1706185189","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5394288838","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2342215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8062807750","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019QZKK0104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391218289.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1558341644","https://openalex.org/W1588551240","https://openalex.org/W1892591530","https://openalex.org/W1943040329","https://openalex.org/W1986496063","https://openalex.org/W1987752115","https://openalex.org/W1993191162","https://openalex.org/W1997776754","https://openalex.org/W2011597004","https://openalex.org/W2013607460","https://openalex.org/W2015723475","https://openalex.org/W2020712283","https://openalex.org/W2024243182","https://openalex.org/W2026272844","https://openalex.org/W2030735737","https://openalex.org/W2043237524","https://openalex.org/W2062315603","https://openalex.org/W2069099351","https://openalex.org/W2082822241","https://openalex.org/W2109345045","https://openalex.org/W2118496703","https://openalex.org/W2121089459","https://openalex.org/W2132068169","https://openalex.org/W2136370599","https://openalex.org/W2140994193","https://openalex.org/W2155933968","https://openalex.org/W2170048440","https://openalex.org/W2172877736","https://openalex.org/W2252627603","https://openalex.org/W2269268222","https://openalex.org/W2364350990","https://openalex.org/W2375630448","https://openalex.org/W2550100323","https://openalex.org/W2570955332","https://openalex.org/W2735109989","https://openalex.org/W2769010661","https://openalex.org/W2899712159","https://openalex.org/W2900005541","https://openalex.org/W2900344005","https://openalex.org/W2922388935","https://openalex.org/W2954575532","https://openalex.org/W2989113168","https://openalex.org/W2998897750","https://openalex.org/W3000160246","https://openalex.org/W3001091905","https://openalex.org/W3004804859","https://openalex.org/W3004983206","https://openalex.org/W3046432989","https://openalex.org/W3115951949","https://openalex.org/W3207631772","https://openalex.org/W4200607244","https://openalex.org/W4280556991","https://openalex.org/W4282976421","https://openalex.org/W4284992757","https://openalex.org/W4382939284","https://openalex.org/W4384937672","https://openalex.org/W6649589452","https://openalex.org/W6755971763","https://openalex.org/W6756377052","https://openalex.org/W6955670791","https://openalex.org/W7030016484"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384525786","https://openalex.org/W2071010365","https://openalex.org/W810016943","https://openalex.org/W3006199805","https://openalex.org/W2995391261","https://openalex.org/W2155600564","https://openalex.org/W2967356071","https://openalex.org/W2370957135","https://openalex.org/W2379997514","https://openalex.org/W4310829822"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Utilizing":[0],"data":[1],"from":[2],"the":[3,21,30,49,57,62,76,79,99,102,132,138,145,159,165,174,178,191,213,268,281,294,303],"Tropical":[4],"Rainfall":[5],"Measuring":[6],"Mission":[7],"(TRMM)":[8],"satellite\u2019s":[9],"precipitation":[10],"radar":[11],"(PR)":[12],"and":[13,26,53,72,85,93,112,118,155,167,185,200,227,239,245,279,286,299],"lightning":[14,27,54,181,228,242,256,287,300],"imaging":[15],"sensor":[16],"(LIS),":[17],"this":[18],"study":[19],"explores":[20],"spatiotemporal":[22],"distributions":[23],"of":[24,51,82,125,293,297],"thunderstorm":[25,52,126,149,160,217,237,263,285,298],"structures":[28],"over":[29,61],"Qinghai\u2013Tibet":[31],"Plateau":[32],"(QTP),":[33],"an":[34,153,233],"aspect":[35],"that":[36],"has":[37],"not":[38],"been":[39],"explored":[40],"previously.":[41],"The":[42,122,148],"structural":[43,288],"aspects":[44],"are":[45,187],"crucial":[46],"when":[47],"considering":[48],"impact":[50],"activity":[55],"in":[56,68,98,144,164,173,177,236,302],"atmospheric":[58],"processes.":[59],"Thunderstorms":[60],"QTP":[63],"show":[64],"clear":[65],"spatial":[66,123,183,246],"variations":[67,208,231],"both":[69],"vertical":[70,127,218,238],"height":[71,129],"horizontal":[73,139,240],"extension.":[74],"In":[75],"southern":[77],"region,":[78],"average":[80,103,192],"heights":[81],"20":[83,110],"dBZ":[84,87,111,114],"30":[86,113,225],"echo":[88],"tops":[89],"typically":[90,194],"exceed":[91],"11.2":[92],"9.3":[94],"km,":[95,199],"respectively.":[96,121,206],"Meanwhile,":[97],"eastern":[100,146,179],"part,":[101],"coverage":[104],"areas":[105,220],"for":[106,216],"reflectivity":[107,222],"greater":[108,223],"than":[109,224],"consistently":[115],"surpass":[116],"1000":[117],"180":[119],"km2,":[120],"distribution":[124],"development":[128],"relative":[130],"to":[131],"surface":[133],"aligns":[134],"more":[135,188],"closely":[136],"with":[137,170,190,221,262,267],"extension,":[140,219,241],"indicating":[141],"stronger":[142],"convection":[143,264],"QTP.":[147,304],"flash":[150,161],"rate":[151],"shows":[152],"eastward":[154],"northward":[156],"prevalence,":[157],"while":[158],"density":[162],"peaks":[163],"western":[166],"northeastern":[168],"QTP,":[169,180],"a":[171,249,259],"minimum":[172],"southeast.":[175],"Furthermore,":[176],"duration,":[182,244],"expansion,":[184],"radiance":[186],"pronounced,":[189],"values":[193,211],"exceeding":[195],"0.22":[196],"s,":[197],"14.5":[198],"0.50":[201],"J":[202],"m\u22122":[203],"sr\u22121":[204],"\u03bcm\u22121,":[205],"Monthly":[207],"reveal":[209],"heightened":[210],"during":[212],"summer":[214],"season":[215],"dBZ,":[226],"frequency.":[229],"Diurnal":[230],"highlight":[232],"afternoon":[234],"increase":[235],"frequency,":[243],"scale.":[247],"From":[248],"statistical":[250],"perspective,":[251],"under":[252],"weak":[253],"convective":[254],"conditions,":[255],"length":[257],"exhibits":[258],"positive":[260],"correlation":[261],"intensity,":[265],"contrasting":[266],"opposite":[269],"relationship":[270],"suggested":[271],"by":[272],"previous":[273],"studies.":[274],"This":[275],"article":[276],"further":[277],"analyzes":[278],"discusses":[280],"correlations":[282],"between":[283],"various":[284],"parameters,":[289],"enhancing":[290],"our":[291],"understanding":[292],"distinctive":[295],"features":[296],"activities":[301]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}