{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391170117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030443","title":"AutoSR4EO: An AutoML Approach to Super-Resolution for Earth Observation Images","display_name":"AutoSR4EO: An AutoML Approach to Super-Resolution for Earth Observation Images","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391170117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030443"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030443","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/443/pdf?version=1706080498","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/443/pdf?version=1706080498","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093777417","display_name":"Julia W\u0105sala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6352-8625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","display_name":"Leiden University","ror":"https://ror.org/027bh9e22","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Julia W\u0105sala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science (LIACS), Leiden University, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6352-8625","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science (LIACS), Leiden University, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059993556","display_name":"Suzanne Marselis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9187-8799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","display_name":"Leiden University","ror":"https://ror.org/027bh9e22","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suzanne Marselis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9187-8799","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041465548","display_name":"Laurens Arp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4386-2084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","display_name":"Leiden University","ror":"https://ror.org/027bh9e22","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurens Arp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science (LIACS), Leiden University, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4386-2084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science (LIACS), Leiden University, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025342513","display_name":"Holger H. Hoos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0629-0099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","display_name":"Leiden University","ror":"https://ror.org/027bh9e22","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Holger Hoos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of AI Methodology (AIM), RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany","Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science (LIACS), Leiden University, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0629-0099","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of AI Methodology (AIM), RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science (LIACS), Leiden University, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009020295","display_name":"Nicolas Long\u00e9p\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-3274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165017","display_name":"European Space Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9rv16","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801994115","https://openalex.org/I4210165017"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Long\u00e9p\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u03a6-Lab Explore Office, European Space Research Institute (ESRIN), European Space Agency (ESA), 00044 Frascati, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6832-3274","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u03a6-Lab Explore Office, European Space Research Institute (ESRIN), European Space Agency (ESA), 00044 Frascati, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165017"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038925727","display_name":"Mitra Baratchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-9310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","display_name":"Leiden University","ror":"https://ror.org/027bh9e22","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mitra Baratchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science (LIACS), Leiden University, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-9310","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science (LIACS), Leiden University, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5093777417"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":0.7642,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66769808,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"443","last_page":"443"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.7572659254074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7251503467559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.619609534740448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.508527398109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.49910926818847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.477804958820343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4103770852088928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33797022700309753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.7572659254074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7251503467559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.619609534740448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.508527398109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.49910926818847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.477804958820343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4103770852088928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33797022700309753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030443","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/443/pdf?version=1706080498","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl:item_3731313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1887/3731313","pdf_url":"https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/access/item%3A3731314/view","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400850","display_name":"Leiden Repository (Leiden University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","host_organization_name":"Leiden University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Article / Letter to editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0d49c8520b874e0ea1e8a1d6ddebc45a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0d49c8520b874e0ea1e8a1d6ddebc45a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 3, p 443 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16030443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030443","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/3/443/pdf?version=1706080498","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3464141671","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4000136204/21/NL/GLC/my","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","funder_display_name":"European Space Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5133823252","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"952215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5222703353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"952215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","funder_display_name":"European Space Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6609078029","display_name":"Physics-aware Spatio-temporal Machine Learning for Earth Observation Data","funder_award_id":"OCENW.KLEIN.425","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7378457234","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OCENW.KLEIN.425","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","funder_display_name":"European Space Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7533125738","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4000136204/21/NL/GLC/my","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391170117.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391170117.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":91,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54257720","https://openalex.org/W1791560514","https://openalex.org/W1930824406","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W2047920195","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2150081556","https://openalex.org/W2167191464","https://openalex.org/W2182361439","https://openalex.org/W2192954843","https://openalex.org/W2242218935","https://openalex.org/W2592451672","https://openalex.org/W2592962403","https://openalex.org/W2607041014","https://openalex.org/W2739757502","https://openalex.org/W2739815012","https://openalex.org/W2741137940","https://openalex.org/W2766798115","https://openalex.org/W2794849006","https://openalex.org/W2795024892","https://openalex.org/W2866634454","https://openalex.org/W2885311373","https://openalex.org/W2891690292","https://openalex.org/W2892257692","https://openalex.org/W2895598217","https://openalex.org/W2901390297","https://openalex.org/W2904666930","https://openalex.org/W2905390890","https://openalex.org/W2909447284","https://openalex.org/W2927933146","https://openalex.org/W2953150659","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2963037581","https://openalex.org/W2963372104","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2963606888","https://openalex.org/W2963645458","https://openalex.org/W2964024268","https://openalex.org/W2964194231","https://openalex.org/W2973184731","https://openalex.org/W2989221291","https://openalex.org/W3001992107","https://openalex.org/W3007766931","https://openalex.org/W3013529009","https://openalex.org/W3021946797","https://openalex.org/W3023313978","https://openalex.org/W3034516944","https://openalex.org/W3035170495","https://openalex.org/W3080381655","https://openalex.org/W3082959268","https://openalex.org/W3101659800","https://openalex.org/W3116489684","https://openalex.org/W3137081859","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3139250374","https://openalex.org/W3152731489","https://openalex.org/W3157876702","https://openalex.org/W3163767593","https://openalex.org/W3169803266","https://openalex.org/W3170874841","https://openalex.org/W3179965609","https://openalex.org/W3197461709","https://openalex.org/W3198951457","https://openalex.org/W3207918547","https://openalex.org/W3210443490","https://openalex.org/W3211804339","https://openalex.org/W3214596023","https://openalex.org/W3217351415","https://openalex.org/W4214493665","https://openalex.org/W4220739375","https://openalex.org/W4249306322","https://openalex.org/W4280632753","https://openalex.org/W4280648138","https://openalex.org/W4284988388","https://openalex.org/W4293199323","https://openalex.org/W4302308043","https://openalex.org/W4309325582","https://openalex.org/W4313214389","https://openalex.org/W4319878693","https://openalex.org/W4323315847","https://openalex.org/W4367624237","https://openalex.org/W4383818954","https://openalex.org/W4385757756","https://openalex.org/W6634724268","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6753278433","https://openalex.org/W6788106616","https://openalex.org/W6798901766","https://openalex.org/W6800495581","https://openalex.org/W6842363800","https://openalex.org/W6856191294"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2595172197","https://openalex.org/W2084856301","https://openalex.org/W2127970246","https://openalex.org/W2885125400","https://openalex.org/W1989889224","https://openalex.org/W4382618745","https://openalex.org/W1973775000","https://openalex.org/W2748922771","https://openalex.org/W1987128138","https://openalex.org/W2743976221"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Super-resolution":[0],"(SR),":[1],"a":[2,11,42,47,105,140,168,195],"technique":[3],"to":[4,35,63,128,131],"increase":[5],"the":[6,15,65,73,76,86,135,152,161,176],"resolution":[7],"of":[8,17,19,29,67,75,79,154,163],"images,":[9],"is":[10,41,72,123,194],"pre-processing":[12],"step":[13],"in":[14,134],"pipelines":[16],"applications":[18],"Earth":[20],"observation":[21],"(EO)":[22],"data.":[23],"The":[24],"manual":[25],"design":[26,78,104],"and":[27,116,167],"optimisation":[28],"SR":[30,69,115,144,171,200],"models":[31],"that":[32,45,183,192],"are":[33],"specific":[34],"every":[36],"possible":[37,127],"EO":[38,50,203],"use":[39],"case":[40],"laborious":[43],"process":[44],"creates":[46],"bottleneck":[48],"for":[49,96,101,114,198,202],"analysis.":[51],"In":[52],"this":[53],"work,":[54],"we":[55],"develop":[56],"an":[57,93],"automated":[58],"machine":[59,81],"learning":[60,82],"(AutoML)":[61],"method":[62,95,197],"automate":[64],"creation":[66],"dataset-specific":[68],"models.":[70,83],"AutoML":[71,94,170,193],"study":[74],"automatic":[77],"high-performance":[80],"We":[84,90,103,138,150],"present":[85],"following":[87],"contributions.":[88],"(i)":[89],"propose":[91],"AutoSR4EO,":[92],"automatically":[97],"constructing":[98],"neural":[99,112],"networks":[100,113],"SR.":[102],"search":[106,121],"space":[107,122],"based":[108],"on":[109,156],"state-of-the-art":[110,165],"residual":[111],"incorporate":[117],"transfer":[118],"learning.":[119],"Our":[120,180],"extendable,":[124],"making":[125],"it":[126],"adapt":[129],"AutoSR4EO":[130,155,174,184],"future":[132],"developments":[133],"field.":[136],"(ii)":[137],"introduce":[139],"new":[141],"real-world":[142],"single-image":[143],"(SISR)":[145],"dataset,":[146],"called":[147],"SENT-NICFI.":[148],"(iii)":[149],"evaluate":[151],"performance":[153,162],"four":[157,164],"different":[158],"datasets":[159],"against":[160],"baselines":[166],"vanilla":[169],"method,":[172],"with":[173],"achieving":[175],"highest":[177],"average":[178],"ranking.":[179],"results":[181],"show":[182],"performs":[185],"consistently":[186],"well":[187],"over":[188],"all":[189],"datasets,":[190],"demonstrating":[191],"promising":[196],"improving":[199],"techniques":[201],"images.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
