{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390466425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010182","title":"BD-SKUNet: Selective-Kernel UNets for Building Damage Assessment in High-Resolution Satellite Images","display_name":"BD-SKUNet: Selective-Kernel UNets for Building Damage Assessment in High-Resolution Satellite Images","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390466425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010182"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16010182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010182","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/182/pdf?version=1704031516","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/182/pdf?version=1704031516","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011888709","display_name":"Seyed Ali Ahmadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3920-2390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80543232","display_name":"K.N.Toosi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0433abe34","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Ali Ahmadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19697, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3920-2390","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19697, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079272069","display_name":"Ali Mohammadzadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3329-5063"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80543232","display_name":"K.N.Toosi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0433abe34","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali Mohammadzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19697, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3329-5063","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19697, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034435383","display_name":"Naoto Yokoya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7321-4590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126580","display_name":"RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project","ror":"https://ror.org/03ckxwf91","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652","https://openalex.org/I4210126580"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naoto Yokoya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Complexity Science and Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan","Geoinformatics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Tokyo 103-0027, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7321-4590","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Complexity Science and Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geoinformatics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Tokyo 103-0027, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126580"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062905966","display_name":"Arsalan Ghorbanian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8406-683X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80543232","display_name":"K.N.Toosi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0433abe34","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arsalan Ghorbanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19697, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8406-683X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19697, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079272069"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.0802,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9461619,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"182","last_page":"182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7802475690841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4807274639606476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.44851449131965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4247947931289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.414201945066452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.40515267848968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3480430841445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09980711340904236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7802475690841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4807274639606476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44851449131965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4247947931289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.414201945066452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.40515267848968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3480430841445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09980711340904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16010182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010182","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/182/pdf?version=1704031516","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ee365a975bde4f1bb24b2047ad3f5b7d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ee365a975bde4f1bb24b2047ad3f5b7d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 1, p 182 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16010182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010182","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/182/pdf?version=1704031516","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390466425.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2027000042","https://openalex.org/W2043356770","https://openalex.org/W2060090591","https://openalex.org/W2130578993","https://openalex.org/W2162703999","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2261424373","https://openalex.org/W2343702461","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2564658196","https://openalex.org/W2751993439","https://openalex.org/W2774320778","https://openalex.org/W2889985731","https://openalex.org/W2891248708","https://openalex.org/W2896070335","https://openalex.org/W2900595477","https://openalex.org/W2922509574","https://openalex.org/W2945272354","https://openalex.org/W2945554431","https://openalex.org/W2946948417","https://openalex.org/W2948656756","https://openalex.org/W2961287060","https://openalex.org/W2962770389","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2967473420","https://openalex.org/W2980881023","https://openalex.org/W2988454004","https://openalex.org/W2991074454","https://openalex.org/W2998438427","https://openalex.org/W2998460252","https://openalex.org/W2999491422","https://openalex.org/W3004335955","https://openalex.org/W3021741119","https://openalex.org/W3027542479","https://openalex.org/W3032282781","https://openalex.org/W3034785488","https://openalex.org/W3037640242","https://openalex.org/W3082867511","https://openalex.org/W3088162569","https://openalex.org/W3098388691","https://openalex.org/W3099319035","https://openalex.org/W3105859057","https://openalex.org/W3115470671","https://openalex.org/W3126315990","https://openalex.org/W3132720385","https://openalex.org/W3134173255","https://openalex.org/W3165848606","https://openalex.org/W3175213166","https://openalex.org/W3177435843","https://openalex.org/W3195032332","https://openalex.org/W3205710591","https://openalex.org/W4210602961","https://openalex.org/W4213415925","https://openalex.org/W4220676749","https://openalex.org/W4281486775","https://openalex.org/W4281707765","https://openalex.org/W4283325003","https://openalex.org/W4285586243","https://openalex.org/W4292651731","https://openalex.org/W4296999582","https://openalex.org/W4306406872","https://openalex.org/W4308159485","https://openalex.org/W4310908907","https://openalex.org/W4319663760","https://openalex.org/W4321783250","https://openalex.org/W4323540155","https://openalex.org/W4366774769","https://openalex.org/W4376648503","https://openalex.org/W4385695985","https://openalex.org/W4386353213","https://openalex.org/W6692400058","https://openalex.org/W6791384435","https://openalex.org/W6797311046","https://openalex.org/W6809968014","https://openalex.org/W6840177309"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2611989081","https://openalex.org/W4230611425","https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W2121524756","https://openalex.org/W4304166257","https://openalex.org/W4294635752","https://openalex.org/W2898732673","https://openalex.org/W4383066092","https://openalex.org/W782553550"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"natural":[1],"disasters":[2],"occur,":[3],"timely":[4],"and":[5,25,54,90,112,126,140,148],"accurate":[6],"building":[7,42,62,87],"damage":[8,43,63,92],"assessment":[9,64],"maps":[10],"are":[11,162],"vital":[12],"for":[13,41,61],"disaster":[14],"management":[15],"responders":[16],"to":[17,57,82,123],"organize":[18],"their":[19],"resources":[20],"efficiently.":[21],"Pairs":[22],"of":[23,104,154,170],"pre-":[24],"post-disaster":[26],"remote":[27,58],"sensing":[28,59],"imagery":[29,60],"have":[30,51],"been":[31,52],"recognized":[32],"as":[33,138],"invaluable":[34],"data":[35],"sources":[36],"that":[37],"provide":[38],"useful":[39],"information":[40],"identification.":[44],"Recently,":[45],"deep":[46],"learning-based":[47],"semantic":[48],"segmentation":[49],"models":[50],"widely":[53,133],"successfully":[55],"applied":[56],"tasks.":[65],"In":[66,158],"this":[67],"study,":[68],"a":[69,175,180],"two-stage,":[70],"dual-branch,":[71],"UNet":[72],"architecture,":[73],"with":[74],"shared":[75],"weights":[76],"between":[77],"two":[78],"branches,":[79],"is":[80,121],"proposed":[81,129,156,172],"address":[83],"the":[84,102,105,109,128,146,151,155,160,167,171],"inaccuracies":[85],"in":[86,186],"footprint":[88],"localization":[89],"per-building":[91],"level":[93],"classification.":[94],"A":[95],"newly":[96],"introduced":[97],"selective":[98],"kernel":[99],"module":[100],"improves":[101],"performance":[103,153],"model":[106,130,173],"by":[107,165],"enhancing":[108],"extracted":[110],"features":[111],"applying":[113],"adaptive":[114],"receptive":[115],"field":[116],"variations.":[117],"The":[118],"xBD":[119],"dataset":[120,178],"used":[122,134],"train,":[124],"validate,":[125],"test":[127],"based":[131],"on":[132,174],"evaluation":[135],"metrics":[136],"such":[137],"F1-score":[139],"Intersection":[141],"over":[142],"Union":[143],"(IoU).":[144],"Overall,":[145],"experiments":[147],"comparisons":[149],"demonstrate":[150],"superior":[152],"model.":[157],"addition,":[159],"results":[161],"further":[163],"confirmed":[164],"evaluating":[166],"geographical":[168],"transferability":[169],"completely":[176],"unseen":[177],"from":[179],"new":[181],"region":[182],"(Bam":[183],"city":[184],"earthquake":[185],"2003).":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-06-03T09:05:47.796612","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}