{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390339691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010132","title":"Monitoring of Cotton Boll Opening Rate Based on UAV Multispectral Data","display_name":"Monitoring of Cotton Boll Opening Rate Based on UAV Multispectral Data","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390339691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010132"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16010132","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010132","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/132/pdf?version=1703760098","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/132/pdf?version=1703760098","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416669","display_name":"Yukun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3807-653X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yukun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079694141","display_name":"Chenyu Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3915-3234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyu Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100319047","display_name":"Yao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4578-7401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100329683","display_name":"Kexin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7193-0534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kexin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018412408","display_name":"Keke Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keke Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101285398","display_name":"Jijia Geng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jijia Geng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074689068","display_name":"Qiangzi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5985-6829"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiangzi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034017716","display_name":"Jiutao Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiutao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Province Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Jinan 250100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Province Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Jinan 250100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100694691","display_name":"Jie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4802-4883"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Province Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Jinan 250100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Province Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Jinan 250100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081776292","display_name":"Mingcai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3273-436X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingcai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109079034","display_name":"Huaiyu Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huaiyu Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei Cottonseed Engineering Technology Research Center, Hejian 062450, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei Cottonseed Engineering Technology Research Center, Hejian 062450, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101675305","display_name":"Xin Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-4450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100675114","display_name":"Mingwei Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9547-8298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingwei Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062927787","display_name":"Xiaoli Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9603-6264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoli Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048003366","display_name":"Zhaohu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-4373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaohu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":15,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100675114"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.4561,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88811614,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"132","last_page":"132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14365","display_name":"Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","score":0.8768466114997864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation-index","display_name":"Vegetation Index","score":0.641463577747345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5710659027099609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.5695468783378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.5079103112220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4791566729545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4352061152458191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.408789724111557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.36885297298431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-engineering","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","score":0.3460937738418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area-index","display_name":"Leaf area index","score":0.33872172236442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3157269060611725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.18056097626686096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.11848080158233643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09510877728462219}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.8768466114997864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780376076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1499458","display_name":"Vegetation Index","level":4,"score":0.641463577747345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5710659027099609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.5695468783378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.5079103112220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4791566729545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4352061152458191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.408789724111557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.36885297298431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3460937738418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.33872172236442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3157269060611725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.18056097626686096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11848080158233643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09510877728462219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16010132","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010132","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/132/pdf?version=1703760098","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dd656a3efcfe494ab52ea119d5b63ec7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dd656a3efcfe494ab52ea119d5b63ec7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 1, p 132 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16010132","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010132","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/132/pdf?version=1703760098","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6563043361","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023TC137","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334997","funder_display_name":"Chinese Universities Scientific Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334997","display_name":"Chinese Universities Scientific Fund","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390339691.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966204838","https://openalex.org/W1974304115","https://openalex.org/W1980467157","https://openalex.org/W1983284664","https://openalex.org/W2008547125","https://openalex.org/W2017843226","https://openalex.org/W2062902149","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2064417027","https://openalex.org/W2089441588","https://openalex.org/W2099704405","https://openalex.org/W2113283209","https://openalex.org/W2116277900","https://openalex.org/W2123101917","https://openalex.org/W2128866545","https://openalex.org/W2143469600","https://openalex.org/W2145058632","https://openalex.org/W2159961845","https://openalex.org/W2163450852","https://openalex.org/W2167556755","https://openalex.org/W2312835342","https://openalex.org/W2363815730","https://openalex.org/W2391179153","https://openalex.org/W2624387057","https://openalex.org/W2790628032","https://openalex.org/W2885406917","https://openalex.org/W2903239407","https://openalex.org/W2944443733","https://openalex.org/W3005430388","https://openalex.org/W3019576236","https://openalex.org/W3030068230","https://openalex.org/W3065732173","https://openalex.org/W3088885014","https://openalex.org/W3092546066","https://openalex.org/W3129983189","https://openalex.org/W3132104078","https://openalex.org/W3134772260","https://openalex.org/W3158217311","https://openalex.org/W3162783375","https://openalex.org/W3200616373","https://openalex.org/W4214857615","https://openalex.org/W4281566243","https://openalex.org/W4286299948","https://openalex.org/W4292399242","https://openalex.org/W4293661360","https://openalex.org/W4296849391","https://openalex.org/W4315567946","https://openalex.org/W4320523694","https://openalex.org/W4367051714","https://openalex.org/W4386736038","https://openalex.org/W6684206475","https://openalex.org/W6711554649","https://openalex.org/W6791596749","https://openalex.org/W6801678922","https://openalex.org/W7037800995"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319317911","https://openalex.org/W3207384893","https://openalex.org/W3207046288","https://openalex.org/W4372264653","https://openalex.org/W4310842702","https://openalex.org/W4285330809","https://openalex.org/W2012686349","https://openalex.org/W2096239959","https://openalex.org/W2985493737","https://openalex.org/W4200109866"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Defoliation":[0],"and":[1,10,16,20,50,79,103,129,133,143,157,161,171,183,215,230],"accelerating":[2,17],"ripening":[3,19],"are":[4,46],"important":[5],"measures":[6],"for":[7,53,114,213,226],"cotton":[8,23,42,206],"mechanization,":[9],"judging":[11],"the":[12,18,27,62,65,69,74,80,93,115,121,134,149,162,178,187,198,205],"time":[13],"of":[14,22,41,57,68,92,127,131,141,145,155,159,169,173,177,192],"defoliation":[15],"harvest":[21,214,216],"relies":[24],"heavily":[25],"on":[26,181],"boll":[28,82,94,116,207],"opening":[29,43,83,95,117,208],"rate,":[30],"making":[31],"it":[32],"a":[33,54],"crucial":[34],"factor":[35],"to":[36,87],"consider.":[37],"The":[38,97,175],"traditional":[39],"methods":[40],"rate":[44,67,84,209],"determination":[45],"time-consuming,":[47],"labor-intensive,":[48],"destructive,":[49],"not":[51],"suitable":[52],"wide":[55],"range":[56],"applications.":[58],"In":[59,190],"this":[60],"study,":[61],"relationship":[63],"between":[64],"change":[66],"vegetation":[70,100,107],"index":[71,101,108],"obtained":[72],"by":[73],"unmanned":[75],"aerial":[76],"vehicle":[77],"multi-spectrum":[78],"ground":[81],"was":[85],"established":[86],"realize":[88],"rapid":[89],"non-destructive":[90],"testing":[91],"rate.":[96,118],"normalized":[98,105],"difference":[99,106],"(NDVI)":[102],"green":[104],"(GNDVI)":[109],"had":[110,124,138,152,166],"good":[111],"prediction":[112],"ability":[113],"NDVI":[119,184],"in":[120,148,201],"training":[122,150],"set":[123,136,151,164],"an":[125,139,153,167],"R2":[126,140,154,168],"0.912":[128],"rRMSE":[130,144,158,172],"15.387%,":[132],"validation":[135,163],"performance":[137,165],"0.929":[142],"13.414%.":[146],"GNDVI":[147,182],"0.901":[156],"16.318%,":[160],"0.909":[170],"15.225%.":[174],"accuracies":[176],"models":[179],"based":[180],"were":[185],"within":[186],"acceptable":[188],"range.":[189],"terms":[191],"predictive":[193],"models,":[194],"random":[195],"forests":[196],"achieve":[197],"highest":[199],"accuracy":[200],"predictions.":[202],"Accurately":[203],"predicting":[204],"can":[210],"support":[211,225],"decision-making":[212],"aid":[217],"spray":[218],"timing,":[219],"as":[220,222],"well":[221],"provide":[223],"technical":[224],"crop":[227],"growth":[228],"monitoring":[229],"precision":[231],"agriculture.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}