{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390113403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010052","title":"STPF-Net: Short-Term Precipitation Forecast Based on a Recurrent Neural Network","display_name":"STPF-Net: Short-Term Precipitation Forecast Based on a Recurrent Neural Network","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390113403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16010052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010052","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/52/pdf?version=1703229232","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/52/pdf?version=1703229232","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101493572","display_name":"Jingnan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3165-6876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingnan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115695468","display_name":"Xiaodong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8949-5967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067952373","display_name":"Jiping Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0038-3650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiping Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334336","display_name":"Lifeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2333-4826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lifeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018388843","display_name":"Fuhan Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuhan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi\u2019an Satellite Control Center, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","Xi'an Satellite Control Center, Xi'an 710049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Satellite Control Center, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Satellite Control Center, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088631540","display_name":"Tao Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3572-2877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer, National University of Defense and Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067952373"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.1576,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91991836,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"52","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nowcasting","display_name":"Nowcasting","score":0.9117766618728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantitative-precipitation-forecast","display_name":"Quantitative precipitation forecast","score":0.7840036153793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.6560839414596558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.601738691329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5840184092521667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.49060216546058655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4896736443042755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.46332022547721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.46022114157676697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/storm","display_name":"Storm","score":0.43044403195381165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.40002861618995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.37798070907592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3145105242729187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09507709741592407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08904558420181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.08389207720756531}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781013037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1433331","display_name":"Nowcasting","level":2,"score":0.9117766618728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140178040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18402512","display_name":"Quantitative precipitation forecast","level":3,"score":0.7840036153793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.6560839414596558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.601738691329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5840184092521667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.49060216546058655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4896736443042755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.46332022547721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.46022114157676697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105306849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81054","display_name":"Storm","level":2,"score":0.43044403195381165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.40002861618995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.37798070907592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3145105242729187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09507709741592407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08904558420181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.08389207720756531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16010052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010052","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/52/pdf?version=1703229232","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:43a03102446147989af2c847e091f74e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/43a03102446147989af2c847e091f74e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 1, p 52 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16010052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010052","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/1/52/pdf?version=1703229232","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2917424379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41975066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390113403.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1789155650","https://openalex.org/W1979896728","https://openalex.org/W1980785126","https://openalex.org/W1989679522","https://openalex.org/W1994387385","https://openalex.org/W2048955810","https://openalex.org/W2117671103","https://openalex.org/W2131704473","https://openalex.org/W2138964759","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2173991856","https://openalex.org/W2174781512","https://openalex.org/W2177451271","https://openalex.org/W2376210903","https://openalex.org/W2468907370","https://openalex.org/W2563710438","https://openalex.org/W2581174511","https://openalex.org/W2768975186","https://openalex.org/W2913323966","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2989173953","https://openalex.org/W3009216045","https://openalex.org/W3015712396","https://openalex.org/W3126335003","https://openalex.org/W3132280960","https://openalex.org/W3134265440","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3193399189","https://openalex.org/W3199775909","https://openalex.org/W3200090046","https://openalex.org/W3202525453","https://openalex.org/W3217658907","https://openalex.org/W4221070765","https://openalex.org/W4224022129","https://openalex.org/W4285483867","https://openalex.org/W4293192773","https://openalex.org/W4294068833","https://openalex.org/W4320921606","https://openalex.org/W4366147359","https://openalex.org/W4383197616","https://openalex.org/W4386336931","https://openalex.org/W6790774427","https://openalex.org/W6839401937","https://openalex.org/W6851907075","https://openalex.org/W6995982669"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3163762477","https://openalex.org/W60774104","https://openalex.org/W4383749006","https://openalex.org/W2894648961","https://openalex.org/W3179094265","https://openalex.org/W2252739461","https://openalex.org/W11844812","https://openalex.org/W4297493282","https://openalex.org/W4291366335","https://openalex.org/W4390754259"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"and":[1,14,46,123,134,142],"timely":[2],"precipitation":[3,30,50,75,107],"forecasts":[4],"are":[5],"critical":[6],"in":[7,42],"modern":[8],"society,":[9],"influencing":[10],"both":[11],"economic":[12],"activity":[13],"daily":[15],"life.":[16],"While":[17],"deep":[18,43,140],"learning":[19,44,141],"methods":[20],"leveraging":[21],"remotely":[22],"sensed":[23],"radar":[24,113],"data":[25,114],"have":[26],"become":[27],"prevalent":[28],"for":[29,73,121],"nowcasting,":[31],"longer-term":[32,74],"forecasting":[33,178],"remains":[34],"challenging.":[35],"This":[36],"is":[37],"due":[38],"to":[39,86,138],"accumulated":[40,89],"errors":[41,90,136],"models":[45,120],"insufficient":[47],"information":[48,105],"about":[49,106],"systems":[51],"over":[52,176],"longer":[53,92,177],"time":[54],"horizons.":[55],"To":[56],"address":[57],"these":[58],"challenges,":[59],"we":[60],"introduce":[61],"the":[62,88],"Short-Term":[63],"Precipitation":[64],"Forecast":[65],"Network":[66],"(STPF-Net),":[67],"a":[68,79],"recurrent":[69],"neural":[70],"network":[71],"designed":[72],"prediction.":[76],"STPF-Net":[77,111,130,157,166],"uses":[78],"multi-tier":[80],"structure":[81],"with":[82,173],"varying":[83],"temporal":[84],"resolutions":[85],"mitigate":[87],"during":[91],"forecasts.":[93,126],"Additionally,":[94],"its":[95],"transformer-based":[96],"module":[97],"incorporates":[98],"larger":[99],"spatial":[100],"contexts,":[101],"providing":[102],"more":[103],"complete":[104],"systems.":[108],"We":[109],"evaluated":[110],"on":[112],"from":[115,156],"southeastern":[116],"China,":[117],"training":[118],"separate":[119],"6":[122,153],"12":[124,162],"h":[125,154,163],"Quantitative":[127],"results":[128],"demonstrate":[129],"achieved":[131],"superior":[132],"accuracy":[133],"lower":[135],"compared":[137],"benchmark":[139],"numerical":[143],"weather":[144],"prediction":[145],"models.":[146],"Visualized":[147],"case":[148],"studies":[149],"indicate":[150],"reasonably":[151],"coherent":[152],"predictions":[155],"versus":[158],"other":[159,168],"methods.":[160],"For":[161],"forecasts,":[164],"while":[165],"outperformed":[167],"models,":[169],"it":[170],"still":[171],"struggled":[172],"storm":[174],"initiation":[175],"time.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}