{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389783766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245733","title":"Significant Location Accuracy Changes Resulting from Lightning Detection Networks Deployed on Inclined Terrains","display_name":"Significant Location Accuracy Changes Resulting from Lightning Detection Networks Deployed on Inclined Terrains","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389783766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245733"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15245733","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245733","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/24/5733/pdf?version=1702632538","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/24/5733/pdf?version=1702632538","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101952519","display_name":"Yun Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4758-9097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China","State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131","https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062446951","display_name":"Dong Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-3296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131","https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100376298","display_name":"Yijun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7573-424X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China","State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131","https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058751400","display_name":"Wen Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0622-8095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131","https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354560","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5973-8964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China","State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131","https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111118200","display_name":"Xianggui Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianggui Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naqu Meteorological Service, Naqu 852000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naqu Meteorological Service, Naqu 852000, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008813351","display_name":"Weitao Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-6655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weitao Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131","https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084528452","display_name":"Wenjuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-9704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Lightning, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131","https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062446951"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092","https://openalex.org/I200845125","https://openalex.org/I4210133131"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.1763,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60367619,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"24","first_page":"5733","last_page":"5733"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12729","display_name":"Tree Root and Stability Studies","score":0.9495999813079834,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.8223630785942078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.561325192451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4241536557674408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.40345966815948486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.37976402044296265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3551015257835388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.10573101043701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.100411057472229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0979093611240387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.8223630785942078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.561325192451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4241536557674408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.40345966815948486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.37976402044296265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3551015257835388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.10573101043701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.100411057472229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0979093611240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15245733","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245733","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/24/5733/pdf?version=1702632538","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e6a8ee2eaaf8401a932c6576a585720c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e6a8ee2eaaf8401a932c6576a585720c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 24, p 5733 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15245733","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245733","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/24/5733/pdf?version=1702632538","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3750241508","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"QYXTZX- NQ2023-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5394288838","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2342215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8062807750","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019QZKK0104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8926232430","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42175090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389783766.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528999314","https://openalex.org/W1556621542","https://openalex.org/W1558341644","https://openalex.org/W1558601104","https://openalex.org/W1988538396","https://openalex.org/W1991815953","https://openalex.org/W1993595365","https://openalex.org/W2003461740","https://openalex.org/W2012771934","https://openalex.org/W2029369856","https://openalex.org/W2039499759","https://openalex.org/W2039848571","https://openalex.org/W2063975893","https://openalex.org/W2075393126","https://openalex.org/W2081930613","https://openalex.org/W2109839958","https://openalex.org/W2172710049","https://openalex.org/W2217124183","https://openalex.org/W2283352166","https://openalex.org/W2664294229","https://openalex.org/W2751772473","https://openalex.org/W2751837669","https://openalex.org/W2765355304","https://openalex.org/W2791754926","https://openalex.org/W2886357537","https://openalex.org/W2898270051","https://openalex.org/W2947105949","https://openalex.org/W2972649510","https://openalex.org/W3006158586","https://openalex.org/W3097870480","https://openalex.org/W4293660859","https://openalex.org/W6647525653"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992962589","https://openalex.org/W3032871857","https://openalex.org/W1743191351","https://openalex.org/W3104633800","https://openalex.org/W3023567978","https://openalex.org/W2069184433","https://openalex.org/W3044778482","https://openalex.org/W4386906247","https://openalex.org/W2356895184","https://openalex.org/W2391260669"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,8,65,74,84,102,115,120,127,158],"location":[4,55,96,106,118,135,167],"accuracy":[5,56],"distribution":[6,57,103,160],"of":[7,105,148,162,188],"lightning":[9],"detection":[10],"networks":[11],"(LDNs)":[12],"deployed":[13,35],"on":[14,36,59,67,76,88,157],"inclined":[15,68,89],"terrains,":[16,44],"an":[17,186,189],"aspect":[18],"frequently":[19],"encountered":[20],"in":[21,27,94,101,114,126,145],"complex":[22],"terrains":[23,69,90],"but":[24],"hitherto":[25],"disregarded":[26],"previous":[28],"studies.":[29],"By":[30],"designing":[31],"eight":[32],"substation":[33],"LDNs":[34,66,87,152,171],"slope-type":[37],"(ST),":[38],"mountain-type":[39],"(MT)":[40],"and":[41,70,73,98,130,140,150,165,198],"basin-type":[42],"(BT)":[43],"respectively,":[45],"we":[46],"employed":[47],"Monte":[48],"Carlo":[49],"simulations":[50],"to":[51,83,138],"analyze":[52],"their":[53],"spatial":[54,159],"based":[58],"time-of-arrival":[60],"technology.":[61],"Significant":[62],"differences":[63],"among":[64],"between":[71],"them":[72],"LDN":[75,110],"plain-type":[77],"(PT)":[78],"terrain":[79,200],"were":[80,182],"revealed.":[81],"Compared":[82],"PT":[85],"LDN,":[86,191],"exhibited":[91],"a":[92,99,154],"reduction":[93],"high-precision":[95,116,133,175],"regions":[97],"shift":[100],"pattern":[104],"accuracy.":[107],"The":[108,143],"ST":[109,197],"showed":[111],"marked":[112],"deviations":[113],"vertical":[117,134,166,174],"toward":[119],"lower":[121],"slope":[122],"side":[123],"with":[124,169],"increases":[125],"elevation":[128,146],"angle":[129],"consistently":[131],"smaller":[132],"areas":[136,176],"compared":[137],"MT":[139,149,178,199],"BT":[141,151,170],"LDNs.":[142,179],"variations":[144],"angles":[147],"had":[153],"substantial":[155],"impact":[156],"patterns":[161],"both":[163,196],"horizontal":[164],"accuracy,":[168],"featuring":[172],"larger":[173],"than":[177],"Our":[180],"conclusions":[181],"further":[183],"corroborated":[184],"through":[185],"analysis":[187],"actual":[190],"which":[192],"combined":[193],"characteristics":[194],"from":[195],"patterns.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
