{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389080248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235534","title":"SAR-HUB: Pre-Training, Fine-Tuning, and Explaining","display_name":"SAR-HUB: Pre-Training, Fine-Tuning, and Explaining","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389080248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15235534","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235534","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/23/5534/pdf?version=1701165561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/23/5534/pdf?version=1701165561","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101714620","display_name":"Haodong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5893-1364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haodong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082638291","display_name":"Xinyue Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyue Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100348291","display_name":"Long Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8818-4339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056005879","display_name":"Yujiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9631-1123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002219929","display_name":"Zhongling Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2368-9229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhongling Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BRain and Artificial INtelligence Lab (BRAIN LAB), School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002219929"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.5436,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86630788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"23","first_page":"5534","last_page":"5534"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8692240715026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6139616966247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6117709279060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5307579040527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.49040722846984863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.4658691883087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44092175364494324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.43749117851257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.42960605025291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38159510493278503}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8692240715026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6139616966247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6117709279060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5307579040527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.49040722846984863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.4658691883087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44092175364494324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.43749117851257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.42960605025291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38159510493278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15235534","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235534","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/23/5534/pdf?version=1701165561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b146c31a62d14e7facd8cf1fd681edf9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b146c31a62d14e7facd8cf1fd681edf9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 23, p 5534 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15235534","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235534","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/23/5534/pdf?version=1701165561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2082826544","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Postdoctoral","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5492141970","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BX2021248","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5897481673","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101459","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6343178524","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101459","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7650203645","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BX2021248","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389080248.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2137448938","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2418871377","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2592962403","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2762294195","https://openalex.org/W2765793020","https://openalex.org/W2899757317","https://openalex.org/W2961699889","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2962914239","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2963587345","https://openalex.org/W2963691377","https://openalex.org/W2982083293","https://openalex.org/W2982770724","https://openalex.org/W2990641522","https://openalex.org/W2998270553","https://openalex.org/W3000436394","https://openalex.org/W3001606623","https://openalex.org/W3012162230","https://openalex.org/W3016947168","https://openalex.org/W3035253074","https://openalex.org/W3038948729","https://openalex.org/W3089780760","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3152083889","https://openalex.org/W3159164673","https://openalex.org/W3165730205","https://openalex.org/W3176482836","https://openalex.org/W3200733355","https://openalex.org/W3211012720","https://openalex.org/W4226359564","https://openalex.org/W4288391486","https://openalex.org/W4290832506","https://openalex.org/W4292972535","https://openalex.org/W4313156423","https://openalex.org/W4319068977","https://openalex.org/W4321488045","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W6720561100","https://openalex.org/W6743178762","https://openalex.org/W6810574017","https://openalex.org/W6841517057","https://openalex.org/W6841775388","https://openalex.org/W6850089117","https://openalex.org/W6922114160"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293226380","https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2371138613","https://openalex.org/W2048963458","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W4312417841","https://openalex.org/W3193565141","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3029198973"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,38,52,64,106,114,139,142],"current":[2,65],"remote":[3],"sensing":[4],"pre-trained":[5,42,115,144],"models":[6,28,43,116,181],"trained":[7],"on":[8,165],"optical":[9,41,126],"images":[10],"are":[11,51,102,117,182],"not":[12],"as":[13],"effective":[14],"when":[15],"applied":[16],"to":[17,24,34,73,104,119,137],"SAR":[18,27,46,68,109,121,143],"image":[19,70,111],"tasks,":[20,169],"it":[21],"is":[22,153,171],"crucial":[23],"create":[25],"sensor-specific":[26],"with":[29,36,125,146],"generalized":[30],"feature":[31],"representations":[32],"and":[33,59,86,97,148,158,170,175,180],"demonstrate":[35],"evidence":[37],"limitations":[39],"of":[40,54,77,141,168],"in":[44,108],"downstream":[45,122],"tasks.":[47],"The":[48,178],"following":[49],"aspects":[50],"focus":[53],"this":[55],"study:":[56],"pre-training,":[57],"fine-tuning,":[58],"explaining.":[60],"First,":[61],"we":[62,129],"collect":[63],"large-scale":[66],"open-source":[67,156],"scene":[69,110],"classification":[71],"datasets":[72],"pre-train":[74],"a":[75,98,131,166],"series":[76],"deep":[78],"neural":[79,83],"networks,":[80],"including":[81],"convolutional":[82],"networks":[84],"(CNNs)":[85],"vision":[87],"transformers":[88],"(ViT).":[89],"A":[90],"novel":[91,132],"dynamic":[92],"range":[93],"adaptive":[94],"enhancement":[95],"method":[96,136],"mini-batch":[99],"class-balanced":[100],"loss":[101],"proposed":[103],"tackle":[105],"challenges":[107],"classification.":[112],"Second,":[113],"transferred":[118],"various":[120],"tasks":[123],"compared":[124],"ones.":[127],"Lastly,":[128],"propose":[130],"knowledge":[133],"point":[134],"interpretation":[135],"reveal":[138],"benefits":[140],"model":[145],"comprehensive":[147],"quantifiable":[149],"explanations.":[150],"This":[151],"study":[152],"reproducible":[154],"using":[155],"code":[157],"datasets,":[159],"demonstrates":[160],"generalization":[161],"through":[162,173],"extensive":[163],"experiments":[164],"variety":[167],"interpretable":[172],"qualitative":[174],"quantitative":[176],"analyses.":[177],"codes":[179],"open":[183],"source.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
