{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388461678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225266","title":"Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection with Auto-Encoder and Independent Target","display_name":"Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection with Auto-Encoder and Independent Target","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388461678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225266"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15225266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225266","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/22/5266/pdf?version=1699331534","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/22/5266/pdf?version=1699331534","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028845261","display_name":"Shuhan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9996-0666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuhan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101827905","display_name":"Xiaorun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7611-845X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaorun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077421048","display_name":"Yunfeng Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0939-5526"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunfeng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077421048"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":0.5394,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66033846,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"22","first_page":"5266","last_page":"5266"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.8544425964355469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6129024028778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.6120314002037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5638672113418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.5609763860702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.5517501831054688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5182999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.44532105326652527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.44336363673210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.22099930047988892}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.8544425964355469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6129024028778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.6120314002037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5638672113418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.5609763860702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.5517501831054688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5182999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.44532105326652527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.44336363673210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.22099930047988892}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15225266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225266","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/22/5266/pdf?version=1699331534","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c04e7f3a21d44a999a06e7bf5ed999d6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c04e7f3a21d44a999a06e7bf5ed999d6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 22, p 5266 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15225266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225266","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/22/5266/pdf?version=1699331534","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388461678.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983077328","https://openalex.org/W2004491663","https://openalex.org/W2033888020","https://openalex.org/W2047870694","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2121789508","https://openalex.org/W2165447611","https://openalex.org/W2295576075","https://openalex.org/W2791725003","https://openalex.org/W2791928749","https://openalex.org/W2807662216","https://openalex.org/W2900199428","https://openalex.org/W2951443864","https://openalex.org/W2972480129","https://openalex.org/W3003955104","https://openalex.org/W3008839601","https://openalex.org/W3038851053","https://openalex.org/W3042747521","https://openalex.org/W3087883793","https://openalex.org/W3087931076","https://openalex.org/W3112037842","https://openalex.org/W3137199127","https://openalex.org/W3152468234","https://openalex.org/W3176520651","https://openalex.org/W3177111766","https://openalex.org/W3186256209","https://openalex.org/W3195044646","https://openalex.org/W3207817117","https://openalex.org/W3214193733","https://openalex.org/W4213054278","https://openalex.org/W4214816856","https://openalex.org/W4220831207","https://openalex.org/W4224241567","https://openalex.org/W4226075372","https://openalex.org/W4282588040","https://openalex.org/W4285198192","https://openalex.org/W4285233009","https://openalex.org/W4286373023","https://openalex.org/W4296210064","https://openalex.org/W4312289230","https://openalex.org/W4312572145","https://openalex.org/W4312730569","https://openalex.org/W4313031653","https://openalex.org/W4321488108","https://openalex.org/W6640723650","https://openalex.org/W6791818776","https://openalex.org/W6797986509","https://openalex.org/W6798469694","https://openalex.org/W6802391783","https://openalex.org/W6804121599","https://openalex.org/W6810016931","https://openalex.org/W6810943179","https://openalex.org/W6840052838","https://openalex.org/W6847645941"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3186512740","https://openalex.org/W3017266184","https://openalex.org/W2918377632","https://openalex.org/W3202913553","https://openalex.org/W4310873165","https://openalex.org/W2292979300","https://openalex.org/W3194885736","https://openalex.org/W3046391934","https://openalex.org/W4363671829","https://openalex.org/W2355395139"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"an":[1,151],"unsupervised":[2,147],"data":[3,18],"representation":[4],"neural":[5],"network,":[6,85],"auto-encoder":[7,66],"(AE)":[8],"has":[9],"shown":[10],"great":[11],"potential":[12],"in":[13,97,110,132,174],"denoising,":[14],"dimensionality":[15],"reduction,":[16],"and":[17,45,56,67,103,128,142,193,199,219],"reconstruction.":[19],"Many":[20],"AE-based":[21,116,220],"background":[22],"(BKG)":[23],"modeling":[24],"methods":[25],"have":[26],"been":[27],"developed":[28],"for":[29,71,92,178],"hyperspectral":[30,72],"anomaly":[31,73,152,163,176,182,185,201],"detection":[32],"(HAD).":[33],"However,":[34],"their":[35,40],"performance":[36],"is":[37,86,137,169,187],"subject":[38],"to":[39,88,125,149,156,203,215],"unbiased":[41],"reconstruction":[42,121],"of":[43,108,122,146,160],"BKG":[44],"target":[46,69],"pixels.":[47],"This":[48],"article":[49],"presents":[50],"a":[51,82,90,94,140],"rather":[52],"different":[53],"low":[54],"rank":[55],"sparse":[57,165,181,200],"matrix":[58],"decomposition":[59],"(LRaSMD)":[60],"method":[61,117],"based":[62],"on":[63,162,171],"AE,":[64],"named":[65],"independent":[68],"(AE-IT),":[70],"detection.":[74],"First,":[75],"the":[76,98,106,111,114,120,130,133,158,172,175,180,216],"encoder":[77,99,134,197],"weight":[78],"matrix,":[79],"obtained":[80],"by":[81,144,189],"designed":[83,115],"AE":[84],"utilized":[87],"construct":[89,150],"projector":[91],"generating":[93],"low-rank":[95],"component":[96,131,173,198],"subspace.":[100],"By":[101],"adaptively":[102],"reasonably":[104],"determining":[105],"number":[107],"neurons":[109],"latent":[112],"layer,":[113],"can":[118],"promote":[119],"BKG.":[123],"Second,":[124],"ensure":[126],"independence":[127],"representativeness,":[129],"orthogonal":[135],"subspace":[136],"made":[138],"into":[139],"sphere":[141],"followed":[143],"finding":[145],"targets":[148],"space.":[153],"In":[154],"order":[155],"mitigate":[157],"influence":[159],"noise":[161],"detection,":[164],"cardinality":[166],"(SC)":[167],"constraint":[168],"enforced":[170],"space":[177],"obtaining":[179],"component.":[183],"Finally,":[184],"detector":[186],"constructed":[188],"combining":[190],"Mahalanobi":[191],"distance":[192],"multi-components,":[194],"which":[195],"include":[196],"component,":[202],"detect":[204],"anomalies.":[205],"The":[206],"experimental":[207],"results":[208],"demonstrate":[209],"that":[210],"AE-IT":[211],"performs":[212],"competitively":[213],"compared":[214],"LRaSMD-based":[217],"models":[218],"approaches.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}