{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387975873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215138","title":"Forest Aboveground Biomass Estimation Using Machine Learning Ensembles: Active Learning Strategies for Model Transfer and Field Sampling Reduction","display_name":"Forest Aboveground Biomass Estimation Using Machine Learning Ensembles: Active Learning Strategies for Model Transfer and Field Sampling Reduction","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387975873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215138"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15215138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215138","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/21/5138/pdf?version=1698395941","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/21/5138/pdf?version=1698395941","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084276866","display_name":"Donato Amitrano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2355-4503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802536511","display_name":"Italian Aerospace Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/01cqx0m58","country_code":"IT","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802536511"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Donato Amitrano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Italian Aerospace Research Centre, Via Maiorise snc, 81043 Capua, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Aerospace Research Centre, Via Maiorise snc, 81043 Capua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802536511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054205014","display_name":"Giovanni Giacco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7143-1244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Giacco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy","Latitudo 40 srl, Via Emanuele Gianturco 31C, 80142 Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Latitudo 40 srl, Via Emanuele Gianturco 31C, 80142 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076683787","display_name":"Stefano Marrone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6852-0377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Marrone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080035865","display_name":"Antonio Elia Pascarella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-7741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Elia Pascarella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054254242","display_name":"Mattia Rigiroli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2690-7570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattia Rigiroli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genova, Via Montallegro 1, 16145 Genova, Italy","Latitudo 40 srl, Via Emanuele Gianturco 31C, 80142 Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genova, Via Montallegro 1, 16145 Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Latitudo 40 srl, Via Emanuele Gianturco 31C, 80142 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090709130","display_name":"Carlo Sansone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8176-6950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlo Sansone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084276866"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802536511"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.9918,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72719898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"21","first_page":"5138","last_page":"5138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5938572287559509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.5575312376022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression","display_name":"Regression","score":0.472042441368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.46429261565208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.4428873360157013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.42721840739250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-learning","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","score":0.41724690794944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4056377410888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.306256502866745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17763248085975647}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5938572287559509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.5575312376022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.472042441368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.46429261565208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.4428873360157013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.42721840739250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.41724690794944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4056377410888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.306256502866745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17763248085975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15215138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215138","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/21/5138/pdf?version=1698395941","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c5a16f94e1d04c6ba9066533bc41f80b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c5a16f94e1d04c6ba9066533bc41f80b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 21, p 5138 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15215138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215138","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/21/5138/pdf?version=1698395941","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387975873.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522370673","https://openalex.org/W1541175366","https://openalex.org/W1976251851","https://openalex.org/W1976537707","https://openalex.org/W1986513773","https://openalex.org/W1988392308","https://openalex.org/W2012519352","https://openalex.org/W2022669603","https://openalex.org/W2038751902","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2047454491","https://openalex.org/W2049595923","https://openalex.org/W2054503844","https://openalex.org/W2059523177","https://openalex.org/W2074723377","https://openalex.org/W2108972318","https://openalex.org/W2110910681","https://openalex.org/W2112144785","https://openalex.org/W2113249705","https://openalex.org/W2114691401","https://openalex.org/W2128199995","https://openalex.org/W2132522214","https://openalex.org/W2139573966","https://openalex.org/W2141348340","https://openalex.org/W2158755893","https://openalex.org/W2161815745","https://openalex.org/W2171485973","https://openalex.org/W2502930680","https://openalex.org/W2526081939","https://openalex.org/W2745102831","https://openalex.org/W2748500603","https://openalex.org/W2765582041","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2789665835","https://openalex.org/W2883666593","https://openalex.org/W2889572423","https://openalex.org/W2901914797","https://openalex.org/W2913581471","https://openalex.org/W2937955301","https://openalex.org/W2950674916","https://openalex.org/W2954757802","https://openalex.org/W2955388112","https://openalex.org/W2960144351","https://openalex.org/W2993383518","https://openalex.org/W3011636776","https://openalex.org/W3035803741","https://openalex.org/W3038186172","https://openalex.org/W3040221110","https://openalex.org/W3119526588","https://openalex.org/W3124990706","https://openalex.org/W3129160733","https://openalex.org/W3174488034","https://openalex.org/W3192393044","https://openalex.org/W4205087529","https://openalex.org/W4220810137","https://openalex.org/W4288076010","https://openalex.org/W4289516124","https://openalex.org/W4297729205","https://openalex.org/W4302085659","https://openalex.org/W4308122130","https://openalex.org/W4320922984","https://openalex.org/W4365149607","https://openalex.org/W6737689805","https://openalex.org/W6805478207"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2047973478","https://openalex.org/W4295532600","https://openalex.org/W2063823869","https://openalex.org/W2067569035","https://openalex.org/W2090985514","https://openalex.org/W2885323543","https://openalex.org/W2145649715","https://openalex.org/W4307535225","https://openalex.org/W2220635983","https://openalex.org/W93038178"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biomass":[0],"is":[1,16,72,85],"a":[2,11,41,47,65,76,106,130,152],"crucial":[3],"indicator":[4],"of":[5,10,17,109,136,164,174],"the":[6,23,32,134,142,161,172],"carbon":[7,24],"sequestration":[8],"capacity":[9],"vegetation":[12],"ecosystem.":[13],"Its":[14],"dynamic":[15],"interest":[18],"because":[19],"it":[20],"impacts":[21],"on":[22,75,151],"cycle,":[25],"which":[26,80,188],"plays":[27],"an":[28,56,81],"important":[29],"role":[30],"in":[31,133],"global":[33],"climate":[34],"and":[35,60,87,121,167],"its":[36],"changes.":[37],"This":[38],"work":[39],"presents":[40],"novel":[42],"technique,":[43],"able":[44],"to":[45,111,127,182,193],"transfer":[46,97],"calibrated":[48],"regression":[49,90,122,165],"model":[50,96],"between":[51],"different":[52],"areas":[53],"by":[54],"exploiting":[55],"active":[57,101,168],"learning":[58,169],"methodology":[59],"using":[61,185],"Shannon\u2019s":[62],"entropy":[63],"as":[64],"discriminator":[66],"for":[67,79,95,104,114],"sample":[68],"selection.":[69],"Model":[70],"calibration":[71,137],"performed":[73],"based":[74],"reference":[77],"area":[78],"extended":[82,190],"ground":[83],"truth":[84],"available":[86],"implemented":[88],"via":[89],"bootstrap.":[91],"Then,":[92],"re-calibration":[93],"samples":[94,138],"are":[98],"selected":[99],"through":[100],"learning,":[102],"allowing":[103],"choosing":[105],"limited":[107],"number":[108,135],"points":[110],"be":[112],"investigated":[113],"training":[115,191],"data":[116],"collection.":[117],"Different":[118],"sampling":[119],"strategies":[120],"techniques":[123],"have":[124],"been":[125,149],"tested":[126,150],"demonstrate":[128],"that":[129,160],"significant":[131],"reduction":[132],"does":[139],"not":[140],"affect":[141],"estimation":[143],"performance.":[144],"The":[145],"proposed":[146],"workflow":[147],"has":[148],"dataset":[153],"concerning":[154],"Finnish":[155],"forests.":[156],"Experimental":[157],"results":[158],"show":[159],"joint":[162],"exploitation":[163],"ensembles":[166],"dramatically":[170],"reduces":[171],"amount":[173],"field":[175],"sampling,":[176],"providing":[177],"aboveground":[178],"biomass":[179],"estimates":[180],"comparable":[181],"those":[183],"obtained":[184],"literature":[186],"techniques,":[187],"need":[189],"sets":[192],"build":[194],"reliable":[195],"predictions.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
