{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387904456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215085","title":"Space Targets with Micro-Motion Classification Using Complex-Valued GAN and Kinematically Sifted Methods","display_name":"Space Targets with Micro-Motion Classification Using Complex-Valued GAN and Kinematically Sifted Methods","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387904456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215085"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15215085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215085","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/21/5085/pdf?version=1698141385","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/21/5085/pdf?version=1698141385","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042440941","display_name":"Lixun Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-1957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lixun Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an 710038, China","Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710038, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an 710038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113732232","display_name":"Cunqian Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cunqian Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an 710038, China","Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710038, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an 710038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080149140","display_name":"Xiaowei Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3351-1619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an 710038, China","Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710038, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an 710038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042440941"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.1141,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94303482,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"21","first_page":"5085","last_page":"5085"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7312323451042175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6336945295333862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.594893753528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.5811426639556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5558519959449768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-adversarial-network","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","score":0.49677664041519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4162580072879791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3900832533836365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3406561017036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32143110036849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.2762245237827301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1422073245048523}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7312323451042175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6336945295333862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.594893753528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5811426639556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5558519959449768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988773926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25104379","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","level":3,"score":0.49677664041519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4162580072879791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3900832533836365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3406561017036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32143110036849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2762245237827301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1422073245048523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15215085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215085","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/21/5085/pdf?version=1698141385","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a38bf84532a648d4acb7d367b9f0ca67","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a38bf84532a648d4acb7d367b9f0ca67","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 21, p 5085 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15215085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215085","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/21/5085/pdf?version=1698141385","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2117047076","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-JC-YB-491","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387904456.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069489964","https://openalex.org/W2754361766","https://openalex.org/W2808109260","https://openalex.org/W2810566158","https://openalex.org/W2895550165","https://openalex.org/W2914258566","https://openalex.org/W2952340467","https://openalex.org/W2954377489","https://openalex.org/W2957484200","https://openalex.org/W2959922377","https://openalex.org/W2992616689","https://openalex.org/W3003598450","https://openalex.org/W3046477982","https://openalex.org/W3093755985","https://openalex.org/W3101569186","https://openalex.org/W3110367167","https://openalex.org/W3119928944","https://openalex.org/W3125586572","https://openalex.org/W3129723678","https://openalex.org/W3136467379","https://openalex.org/W3159051549","https://openalex.org/W3163588381","https://openalex.org/W3166485796","https://openalex.org/W3168865008","https://openalex.org/W3193027443","https://openalex.org/W3196504723","https://openalex.org/W3202448881","https://openalex.org/W3209004384","https://openalex.org/W3217775520","https://openalex.org/W4210702177","https://openalex.org/W4225660138","https://openalex.org/W4226073445","https://openalex.org/W4289654500","https://openalex.org/W4309736359","https://openalex.org/W6790245734","https://openalex.org/W6791434627","https://openalex.org/W6800678359","https://openalex.org/W6801824706"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W4386051551","https://openalex.org/W2725946685","https://openalex.org/W4205958290","https://openalex.org/W4384212932","https://openalex.org/W4390590544","https://openalex.org/W2096195258"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Space":[0],"target":[1,68,95,198,244],"classification":[2,170,225],"based":[3,229],"on":[4,230],"micro-motion":[5,85,144,197,232],"characteristics":[6,145],"has":[7,236],"become":[8],"a":[9,42,45,53,63,103,111,209],"subject":[10],"of":[11,17,31,48,71,87,114,146,191,203,212,226],"great":[12],"interest":[13],"in":[14,26,195,242],"the":[15,29,37,49,77,84,98,121,125,129,143,154,169,184,189,192,204],"field":[16],"radar,":[18],"particularly":[19],"when":[20],"using":[21,174],"deep":[22,32],"learning":[23,33],"techniques.":[24],"However,":[25],"practical":[27],"applications,":[28],"ability":[30],"is":[34,52,91,133,163,172,206],"hampered":[35],"by":[36],"available":[38],"radar":[39],"datasets.":[40],"As":[41],"result,":[43],"obtaining":[44],"sufficient":[46,210],"amount":[47,211],"training":[50,124,214],"dataset":[51,75,99,162],"daunting":[54],"challenge.":[55],"To":[56],"address":[57],"this":[58,60],"issue,":[59],"paper":[61],"presents":[62],"novel":[64],"framework":[65,194,205],"for":[66,123,165,239],"space":[67,89,147,196,227,243],"classification,":[69],"consisting":[70],"three":[72],"distinct":[73],"modules:":[74],"generation,":[76],"kinematically":[78,130],"sifted":[79,131],"module,":[80],"and":[81,160,221],"classification.":[82,199,245],"Initially,":[83],"model":[86,171],"cone-shaped":[88],"targets":[90,228],"constructed":[92,173],"to":[93,109,135,179,207,218,222],"analyze":[94],"characteristics.":[96],"Subsequently,":[97],"generation":[100],"module":[101,132,155],"employs":[102],"complex-valued":[104,175],"generative":[105],"adversarial":[106],"network":[107],"(CV-GAN)":[108],"generate":[110,208],"large":[112],"number":[113],"time-range":[115],"maps.":[116],"These":[117],"maps":[118],"serve":[119],"as":[120],"foundation":[122],"subsequent":[126],"modules.":[127],"Next,":[128],"introduced":[134],"eliminate":[136],"images":[137],"that":[138,157,216],"do":[139],"not":[140],"align":[141],"with":[142],"targets.":[148],"By":[149],"filtering":[150],"out":[151],"incompatible":[152],"images,":[153],"ensures":[156],"only":[158],"relevant":[159],"accurate":[161,224],"utilized":[164],"further":[166],"analysis.":[167],"Finally,":[168],"parallel":[176],"blocks":[177],"(CV-PB)":[178],"extract":[180],"valuable":[181],"information":[182],"from":[183],"target.":[185],"Experimental":[186],"results":[187],"validate":[188],"effectiveness":[190],"proposed":[193],"The":[200],"main":[201],"contribution":[202],"high-quality":[213],"data":[215],"conforms":[217],"motion":[219],"characteristics,":[220],"achieve":[223],"their":[231],"signatures.":[233],"This":[234],"breakthrough":[235],"significant":[237],"implications":[238],"various":[240],"applications":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}