{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387780254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15205022","title":"The Selection of Basic Functions for a Time-Varying Model of Unmodeled Errors in Medium and Long GNSS Baselines","display_name":"The Selection of Basic Functions for a Time-Varying Model of Unmodeled Errors in Medium and Long GNSS Baselines","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387780254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15205022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15205022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15205022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/20/5022/pdf?version=1697701048","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/20/5022/pdf?version=1697701048","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058912950","display_name":"Jiafu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6513-8268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiafu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103163231","display_name":"Xianwen Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4431-922X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xianwen Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016267836","display_name":"\u00c0ngela Arag\u00f3n\u2010\u00c1ngel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-8517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angela Aragon-Angel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068115263","display_name":"Adri\u00e0 Rovira\u2010Garcia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7320-5029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adria Rovira-Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012720408","display_name":"Hao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7961-7588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103163231"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.4505,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91952083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"20","first_page":"5022","last_page":"5022"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.6412488222122192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6008756160736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.5690429210662842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4936145544052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.47937658429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4600496292114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial-and-rational-function-modeling","display_name":"Polynomial and rational function modeling","score":0.4198407530784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41503244638442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4128369092941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.34709393978118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3210345506668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.11199888586997986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09128895401954651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.08327868580818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0755581259727478}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.6412488222122192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6008756160736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.5690429210662842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4936145544052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.47937658429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4600496292114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138029060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7226633","display_name":"Polynomial and rational function modeling","level":3,"score":0.4198407530784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41503244638442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4128369092941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.34709393978118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3210345506668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.11199888586997986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09128895401954651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.08327868580818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0755581259727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15205022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15205022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/20/5022/pdf?version=1697701048","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/395757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2117/395757","pdf_url":"https://upcommons.upc.edu/bitstreams/0ae1cf81-14c3-4097-9497-21bd669a19f1/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207057","display_name":"QRU Quaderns de Recerca en Urbanisme","issn_l":"2014-9689","issn":["2014-9689","2385-6777"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322448","host_organization_name":"Q71272178","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322448"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Q71272178"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:795dad8ff4ac426a8c781d4d771dc955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/795dad8ff4ac426a8c781d4d771dc955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 20, p 5022 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15205022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15205022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/20/5022/pdf?version=1697701048","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1101166114","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41974030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1650125035","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1721735004","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"unknown","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","funder_display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1953654515","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2022-138485OB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1999677781","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS2022-135383","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2522802236","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2022-138485OB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2964275975","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2022-138485OB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3461201951","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS2022-135383","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4132985236","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"unknown","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4729761481","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202206090184","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5081581271","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41974030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5853168351","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41674035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5902653475","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202206090184","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5982965107","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41674035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6809183074","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7812362376","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS2022-135383","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8126170492","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202206","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8589651859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8920660035","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321697","display_name":"LOEWE Zentrum AdRIA","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387780254.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1519855838","https://openalex.org/W1968427495","https://openalex.org/W1984451757","https://openalex.org/W1990772667","https://openalex.org/W2007724972","https://openalex.org/W2013553147","https://openalex.org/W2021214714","https://openalex.org/W2025626286","https://openalex.org/W2058160370","https://openalex.org/W2151975955","https://openalex.org/W2188692557","https://openalex.org/W2283647691","https://openalex.org/W2379047680","https://openalex.org/W2390031181","https://openalex.org/W2552980656","https://openalex.org/W2790072365","https://openalex.org/W2883884925","https://openalex.org/W2912295373","https://openalex.org/W2919605053","https://openalex.org/W2980187550","https://openalex.org/W4200113750","https://openalex.org/W4223645504","https://openalex.org/W4310260755","https://openalex.org/W4322008112","https://openalex.org/W4367053968","https://openalex.org/W6793683770"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2083214991","https://openalex.org/W2799377959","https://openalex.org/W2378881172","https://openalex.org/W1991218450","https://openalex.org/W2377808330","https://openalex.org/W2582856396","https://openalex.org/W2889181883","https://openalex.org/W2379041201","https://openalex.org/W2126405149","https://openalex.org/W2382707079"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unmodeled":[0],"errors":[1,21,72,152],"play":[2],"a":[3,37],"critical":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,22,73,140,167,181],"improving":[7],"the":[8,64,104,125,146,149,154,157,173,177],"positioning":[9,75,99,158,184],"accuracy":[10],"of":[11,66,153,162],"Global":[12],"Navigation":[13],"Satellite":[14],"Systems.":[15],"Few":[16],"studies":[17],"have":[18],"addressed":[19],"unmodeled":[20,45,59,71,105,151],"medium":[23],"and":[24,39,80,93,98],"long":[25],"baselines":[26,111],"using":[27,81,103,148],"their":[28],"time":[29],"correlation,":[30],"which":[31],"is":[32,48,176],"highly":[33],"beneficial":[34],"for":[35,69],"achieving":[36],"precise":[38],"real-time":[40],"solution.":[41],"However,":[42],"before":[43],"tackling":[44],"errors,":[46],"it":[47],"first":[49],"necessary":[50],"to":[51,56,115,137,165],"determine":[52],"reasonable":[53],"basic":[54,67,88,179],"functions":[55,68],"fit":[57],"such":[58],"errors.":[60],"Therefore,":[61],"we":[62],"study":[63],"selection":[65],"time-varying":[70],"two":[74,183],"modes:":[76],"estimating":[77],"atmospheric":[78],"delays":[79],"an":[82],"IF":[83],"combination.":[84],"We":[85,170],"choose":[86],"three":[87],"functions:":[89],"polynomials,":[90],"sinusoidal":[91],"functions,":[92],"combinatorial":[94],"functions.":[95],"Fitting":[96],"experiments":[97,100],"are":[101,128],"conducted":[102],"error":[106],"data":[107],"provided":[108],"by":[109,124],"four":[110],"ranging":[112],"from":[113],"30":[114,142],"220":[116],"km.":[117],"The":[118,132],"Root":[119],"Mean":[120],"Square":[121],"Errors":[122],"fitted":[123,150],"second":[126],"order":[127],"approximately":[129],"2":[130],"mm.":[131],"corresponding":[133],"residuals":[134],"generally":[135],"converge":[136],"3":[138],"mm":[139],"about":[141,163],"s.":[143],"After":[144],"correcting":[145],"observations":[147],"second-order":[155,174],"polynomial,":[156],"results":[159],"show":[160],"improvements":[161],"40%":[164],"80%":[166],"all":[168,182],"directions.":[169],"conclude":[171],"that":[172],"polynomial":[175],"optimal":[178],"function":[180],"modes.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}