{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386895039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184604","title":"Automated Determination of the Volume of Loose Engineering Deposits Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning","display_name":"Automated Determination of the Volume of Loose Engineering Deposits Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386895039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15184604","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184604","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4604/pdf?version=1695115413","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4604/pdf?version=1695115413","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111597469","display_name":"Bo Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120238","display_name":"PowerChina (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01varr368","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120238"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwest Engineering Co., Ltd., PowerChina Corporation, Xi\u2019an 710065, China","Northwest Engineering Co., Ltd., PowerChina Corporation, Xi'an 710065, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwest Engineering Co., Ltd., PowerChina Corporation, Xi\u2019an 710065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwest Engineering Co., Ltd., PowerChina Corporation, Xi'an 710065, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101139247","display_name":"Jichen Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1271-4166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jichen Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085523020","display_name":"Yunfeng Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4390-6841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunfeng Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4390-6841","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428456","display_name":"Qian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1909-302X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108305735","display_name":"Zhongxu Wen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongxu Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077970446","display_name":"Geng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3253-6884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100745","display_name":"Heilongjiang Earthquake Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/0146tv827","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100745","https://openalex.org/I90149893"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","Hunan Earthquake Agency, Changsha 410004, China","Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan Earthquake Agency, Changsha 410004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100745"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011106313","display_name":"Liangquan Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120238","display_name":"PowerChina (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01varr368","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142192","display_name":"Powerchina Huadong Engineering Corporation (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03mcefb58","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142192"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liangquan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huadong Engineering Co., Ltd., PowerChina Corporation, Hangzhou 311122, China","Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;","Huadong Engineering Co., Ltd., PowerChina Corporation, Hangzhou 311122, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huadong Engineering Co., Ltd., PowerChina Corporation, Hangzhou 311122, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142192","https://openalex.org/I4210120238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huadong Engineering Co., Ltd., PowerChina Corporation, Hangzhou 311122, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142192","https://openalex.org/I4210120238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085523020"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.3179,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53739116,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"18","first_page":"4604","last_page":"4604"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9614999890327454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.9133569002151489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-scanning","display_name":"Laser scanning","score":0.6245104670524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","score":0.5830236673355103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface","display_name":"Surface (topology)","score":0.5621023178100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plane","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","score":0.5386639833450317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.48724761605262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.44842958450317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-engineering","display_name":"Reverse engineering","score":0.43976545333862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.3812708854675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37402409315109253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.37117427587509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3678280711174011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.320421427488327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.29515036940574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.2057255208492279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.1622481644153595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14912772178649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10536286234855652}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.9133569002151489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.6245104670524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5830236673355103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5621023178100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17825722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17285","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5386639833450317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.48724761605262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.44842958450317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207850805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269608","display_name":"Reverse engineering","level":2,"score":0.43976545333862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.3812708854675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37402409315109253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.37117427587509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3678280711174011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.320421427488327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.29515036940574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.2057255208492279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.1622481644153595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14912772178649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10536286234855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15184604","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184604","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4604/pdf?version=1695115413","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cc524d6b40cc48ae93eda8a338de28ce","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cc524d6b40cc48ae93eda8a338de28ce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 18, p 4604 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15184604","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184604","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4604/pdf?version=1695115413","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1192750522","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42077264","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315873","display_name":"China Three Gorges Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/02yqt2385"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386895039.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980980087","https://openalex.org/W2019672072","https://openalex.org/W2026288163","https://openalex.org/W2031586432","https://openalex.org/W2070549879","https://openalex.org/W2076970990","https://openalex.org/W2078290150","https://openalex.org/W2140649816","https://openalex.org/W2151631165","https://openalex.org/W2529764756","https://openalex.org/W2803171670","https://openalex.org/W3000484174","https://openalex.org/W3004751599","https://openalex.org/W3011222482","https://openalex.org/W3039785527","https://openalex.org/W3143963681","https://openalex.org/W4281767706","https://openalex.org/W4289529713","https://openalex.org/W4308105839","https://openalex.org/W4320169719","https://openalex.org/W4383223411","https://openalex.org/W6680862331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015591542","https://openalex.org/W4313474550","https://openalex.org/W4312596780","https://openalex.org/W2351477033","https://openalex.org/W2393966857","https://openalex.org/W2088131065","https://openalex.org/W2085239170","https://openalex.org/W2351324719","https://openalex.org/W2005998065","https://openalex.org/W2358149864"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1],"method":[2,23],"for":[3],"automatic":[4],"volume":[5,148],"determination":[6],"of":[7,28,130,139],"loose":[8],"engineering":[9],"deposits":[10],"(LEDs)":[11],"using":[12,156],"point":[13,32,61,73,80,87],"clouds":[14,33],"collected":[15],"by":[16,101],"terrestrial":[17],"laser":[18],"scanning":[19,35],"is":[20,42,47,63],"proposed.":[21],"The":[22,96,142],"starts":[24],"with":[25,77,90,125],"a":[26,44,126],"problem":[27],"lacking":[29],"bottom":[30,40,56],"surface":[31,41,98],"when":[34],"LEDs,":[36],"assuming":[37],"that":[38,146],"the":[39,51,55,59,71,78,103,108,111,135,140,157],"flat,":[43],"spatial":[45],"plane":[46,52,68],"generated":[48],"based":[49],"on":[50,65,114,123,153],"fitting":[53],"to":[54,69],"surface.":[57],"Then":[58],"sample":[60],"cloud":[62,81,88],"projected":[64],"this":[66],"fitted":[67],"construct":[70],"subface":[72],"clouds,":[74],"which,":[75],"together":[76],"initial":[79],"data,":[82],"are":[83],"stitched":[84],"into":[85],"complete":[86],"data":[89],"good":[91],"closure,":[92],"integrity,":[93],"and":[94,110,119,137],"accuracy.":[95],"3D":[97],"model":[99],"established":[100],"introducing":[102],"alpha":[104],"shape":[105],"algorithm":[106],"calculates":[107],"volume,":[109],"validation":[112],"experiments":[113],"three":[115],"soil":[116],"mound":[117],"models":[118],"one":[120],"field":[121],"experiment":[122],"LEDs":[124,155],"minimum":[127],"average":[128],"error":[129],"only":[131],"1.69%":[132],"fully":[133],"validate":[134],"effectiveness":[136],"accuracy":[138],"method.":[141,159],"encouraging":[143],"results":[144],"show":[145],"effective":[147],"calculation":[149],"can":[150],"be":[151],"performed":[152],"realistic":[154],"proposed":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-05T06:17:00.636019","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
