{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386484375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184384","title":"Drainage Mechanisms of Submerged Sinkholes","display_name":"Drainage Mechanisms of Submerged Sinkholes","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386484375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15184384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184384","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4384/pdf?version=1693997897","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4384/pdf?version=1693997897","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092765051","display_name":"Assaf Tsabar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161746","display_name":"Geological Survey of Israel","ror":"https://ror.org/058nry849","country_code":"IL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161746"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91203450","display_name":"University of Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f009v59","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Assaf Tsabar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha\u2019yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel","The Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, Israel","Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha'yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha\u2019yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161746"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha'yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161746"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049701226","display_name":"Eyal Shalev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4837-5082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161746","display_name":"Geological Survey of Israel","ror":"https://ror.org/058nry849","country_code":"IL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161746"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eyal Shalev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha\u2019yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel","Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha'yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha\u2019yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161746"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha'yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161746"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020650296","display_name":"Amir Sagy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6610-545X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161746","display_name":"Geological Survey of Israel","ror":"https://ror.org/058nry849","country_code":"IL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161746"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Sagy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha\u2019yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel","Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha'yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha\u2019yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161746"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geological Survey of Israel, Yesha'yahu Leibowitz 32, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161746"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037241072","display_name":"Yizhaq Makovsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6762-9549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91203450","display_name":"University of Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f009v59","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yizhaq Makovsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092765051"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161746","https://openalex.org/I91203450"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1404501,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"18","first_page":"4384","last_page":"4384"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12083","display_name":"Karst Systems and Hydrogeology","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12083","display_name":"Karst Systems and Hydrogeology","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9605000019073486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12624","display_name":"Maritime and Coastal Archaeology","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sinkhole","display_name":"Sinkhole","score":0.9948168396949768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.7449751496315002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drainage","display_name":"Drainage","score":0.603577733039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aquifer","display_name":"Aquifer","score":0.5208921432495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.5161045789718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring","display_name":"Spring (device)","score":0.4387859106063843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater","display_name":"Groundwater","score":0.38189244270324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karst","display_name":"Karst","score":0.3619781732559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.33125409483909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.11986908316612244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paleontology","display_name":"Paleontology","score":0.10464221239089966}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49223487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188734","display_name":"Sinkhole","level":3,"score":0.9948168396949768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.7449751496315002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67592535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7481320","display_name":"Drainage","level":2,"score":0.603577733039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75622301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791","display_name":"Aquifer","level":3,"score":0.5208921432495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.5161045789718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836","display_name":"Spring (device)","level":2,"score":0.4387859106063843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.38189244270324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182348080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16817","display_name":"Karst","level":2,"score":0.3619781732559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.33125409483909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11986908316612244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.10464221239089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15184384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184384","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4384/pdf?version=1693997897","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:891f9c0eef824054a015b516f5da7abc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/891f9c0eef824054a015b516f5da7abc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 18, p 4384 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/18/4384/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15184384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15184384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184384","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4384/pdf?version=1693997897","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323387","display_name":"University of Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386484375.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W269034733","https://openalex.org/W1964791577","https://openalex.org/W1990335906","https://openalex.org/W1996540810","https://openalex.org/W2013403815","https://openalex.org/W2016328299","https://openalex.org/W2021192017","https://openalex.org/W2046977832","https://openalex.org/W2096851414","https://openalex.org/W2104107213","https://openalex.org/W2135009081","https://openalex.org/W2145504754","https://openalex.org/W2160002743","https://openalex.org/W2160056723","https://openalex.org/W2201197858","https://openalex.org/W2590968265","https://openalex.org/W2789617195","https://openalex.org/W2898237681","https://openalex.org/W2911016397","https://openalex.org/W2941172436","https://openalex.org/W2970105116","https://openalex.org/W3128257342","https://openalex.org/W4210892963","https://openalex.org/W4312964161","https://openalex.org/W4362146701","https://openalex.org/W4376254029"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2351692528","https://openalex.org/W224429992","https://openalex.org/W595950036","https://openalex.org/W1601599141","https://openalex.org/W2790616280","https://openalex.org/W2618297354","https://openalex.org/W2571670168","https://openalex.org/W7203867","https://openalex.org/W3041991903","https://openalex.org/W4244710344"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Subsurface":[0],"salt":[1],"layer":[2],"dissolution":[3,93],"along":[4],"the":[5,9,16,25,66,71,77,80,100,123,162,168,179,182,188,194,197,209,216,221,225,228,242],"western":[6],"shores":[7],"of":[8,30,79,117,138,164,181,218,227,235,244],"Dead":[10],"Sea":[11],"is":[12,212],"considered":[13],"to":[14,89,224],"be":[15],"primary":[17],"cause":[18],"for":[19,76],"extensive":[20],"large":[21,233],"sinkhole":[22,68,95,125],"formation":[23,163],"in":[24,35,51,99,105,122,220],"past":[26],"40":[27,63],"years.":[28],"Many":[29],"these":[31],"sinkholes":[32,98,166,185],"are":[33,38,120],"arranged":[34],"clusters":[36],"and":[37,94,109,131,147,153,200,238],"filled":[39],"with":[40,54,58,87],"water":[41,59,85,151,219,237],"from":[42],"nearby":[43],"springs.":[44],"The":[45,97,114,174,203,232],"Mineral":[46],"Beach":[47],"resort":[48,81],"was":[49,74],"built":[50],"an":[52],"area":[53],"a":[55,136,245],"thermal":[56],"spring":[57,73],"emerging":[60],"at":[61,65],"around":[62],"\u00b0C":[64],"Shalem":[67,101],"cluster.":[69],"Unfortunately,":[70],"same":[72],"responsible":[75],"destruction":[78],"as":[82],"it":[83],"supplied":[84],"undersaturated":[86],"respect":[88],"halite,":[90],"which":[91],"promoted":[92],"formation.":[96],"cluster":[102,126],"drain":[103],"out":[104],"sudden":[106],"catastrophic":[107],"events":[108],"then":[110],"slowly":[111],"fill":[112],"again.":[113],"drainage":[115,143,172,204,239],"mechanisms":[116],"this":[118],"phenomenon":[119],"studied":[121],"Shalem-2":[124],"using":[127,150],"leveling":[128],"data":[129,155],"collectors":[130],"ground-based":[132],"LiDAR":[133,158],"surveys":[134],"over":[135],"period":[137],"5":[139],"years,":[140],"including":[141],"thirty-five":[142],"events.":[144,173],"Drainage":[145],"volume":[146],"fluxes":[148,240],"calculated":[149],"level":[152,217,226],"topographic":[154],"obtained":[156],"by":[157],"scans":[159],"suggest":[160],"that":[161,178],"additional":[165],"beneath":[167],"pond\u2019s":[169],"bottom":[170],"triggers":[171],"subsequent":[175],"flux":[176],"shows":[177],"evolution":[180],"newly":[183,229],"formed":[184,230],"either":[186,208],"improves":[187],"hydraulic":[189,210],"connection":[190,195,211],"or":[191,214],"temporarily":[192],"seals":[193],"between":[196],"surface":[198],"pond":[199,222],"deeper":[201],"caverns/aquifers.":[202],"event":[205],"ends":[206],"when":[207,215],"sealed":[213],"drops":[223],"sinkhole.":[231],"volumes":[234],"drained":[236],"imply":[241],"existence":[243],"well-developed":[246],"active":[247],"underground":[248],"draining":[249],"system.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-28T09:26:25.869077","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}