{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386050676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164112","title":"A Review of Practical AI for Remote Sensing in Earth Sciences","display_name":"A Review of Practical AI for Remote Sensing in Earth Sciences","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386050676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164112"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15164112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164112","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4112/pdf?version=1692753489","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4112/pdf?version=1692753489","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092673499","display_name":"Bhargavi Janga","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhargavi Janga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, College of Science, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 6E1, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, College of Science, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 6E1, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092673500","display_name":"Gokul Prathin Asamani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gokul Asamani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, College of Science, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 6E1, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, College of Science, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 6E1, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014889794","display_name":"Ziheng Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9810-0023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ziheng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, College of Science, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 6E1, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, College of Science, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 6E1, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013362524","display_name":"Nicoleta Cristea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9091-0280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicoleta Cristea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014889794"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":24.5663,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":156,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99669166,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"16","first_page":"4112","last_page":"4112"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.6843149065971375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6285926699638367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.610584557056427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5263924598693848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing-application","display_name":"Remote sensing application","score":0.45433029532432556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.44926851987838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.42452847957611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.419377863407135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22115331888198853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10491642355918884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07872089743614197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.6843149065971375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6285926699638367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.610584557056427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5263924598693848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183365957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17140402","display_name":"Remote sensing application","level":3,"score":0.45433029532432556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.44926851987838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.42452847957611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.419377863407135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22115331888198853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10491642355918884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07872089743614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15164112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164112","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4112/pdf?version=1692753489","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5c0a7084e44a4d51a2228551de3bf877","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5c0a7084e44a4d51a2228551de3bf877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 16, p 4112 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/16/4112/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15164112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 16; Pages: 4112","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15164112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164112","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4112/pdf?version=1692753489","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1673391379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NSSC2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G290325737","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OAC-2117834","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4182051548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2117834","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4765548732","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NSSC21M0028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4776489430","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2117834","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5854857269","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EAR-1947875","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7251863573","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1947893","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8589446079","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EAR-1947893","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310094","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322037","display_name":"Nuclear Safety and Security Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/05qk3ge34"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386050676.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":199,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7626864","https://openalex.org/W103043116","https://openalex.org/W600210939","https://openalex.org/W608137264","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1565635109","https://openalex.org/W1614886892","https://openalex.org/W1797352249","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1933126569","https://openalex.org/W1965722011","https://openalex.org/W1981841469","https://openalex.org/W1982621055","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W1990653740","https://openalex.org/W1993151586","https://openalex.org/W1994738086","https://openalex.org/W1997535938","https://openalex.org/W1998943389","https://openalex.org/W2021426767","https://openalex.org/W2039067795","https://openalex.org/W2039929218","https://openalex.org/W2042645898","https://openalex.org/W2063907334","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2076656703","https://openalex.org/W2079299474","https://openalex.org/W2089865848","https://openalex.org/W2092141993","https://openalex.org/W2098919237","https://openalex.org/W2101711129","https://openalex.org/W2113956708","https://openalex.org/W2116720609","https://openalex.org/W2125943921","https://openalex.org/W2132424470","https://openalex.org/W2144499799","https://openalex.org/W2144956593","https://openalex.org/W2153763028","https://openalex.org/W2155632266","https://openalex.org/W2158166073","https://openalex.org/W2170591795","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2218047931","https://openalex.org/W2230051944","https://openalex.org/W2261059368","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2308318555","https://openalex.org/W2308557003","https://openalex.org/W2324627161","https://openalex.org/W2401246392","https://openalex.org/W2412588858","https://openalex.org/W2461571180","https://openalex.org/W2491477437","https://openalex.org/W2500876844","https://openalex.org/W2508764147","https://openalex.org/W2549994478","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2599868771","https://openalex.org/W2762941833","https://openalex.org/W2765811365","https://openalex.org/W2770654566","https://openalex.org/W2777445343","https://openalex.org/W2786055572","https://openalex.org/W2793927960","https://openalex.org/W2800213945","https://openalex.org/W2804532080","https://openalex.org/W2809216229","https://openalex.org/W2822024738","https://openalex.org/W2892336504","https://openalex.org/W2896998982","https://openalex.org/W2897795150","https://openalex.org/W2900639982","https://openalex.org/W2902882516","https://openalex.org/W2910096450","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2923136550","https://openalex.org/W2923285333","https://openalex.org/W2939877284","https://openalex.org/W2940726923","https://openalex.org/W2942047515","https://openalex.org/W2946647999","https://openalex.org/W2950325582","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2955384860","https://openalex.org/W2958837267","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2963578416","https://openalex.org/W2963695810","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2971432438","https://openalex.org/W2973159718","https://openalex.org/W2977120819","https://openalex.org/W2982913535","https://openalex.org/W2983376237","https://openalex.org/W2984729070","https://openalex.org/W3000232109","https://openalex.org/W3001807593","https://openalex.org/W3004577623","https://openalex.org/W3004984378","https://openalex.org/W3005383134","https://openalex.org/W3008439211","https://openalex.org/W3008626511","https://openalex.org/W3016108562","https://openalex.org/W3017117984","https://openalex.org/W3019735926","https://openalex.org/W3021613067","https://openalex.org/W3040427204","https://openalex.org/W3045585619","https://openalex.org/W3046857037","https://openalex.org/W3082766779","https://openalex.org/W3088162569","https://openalex.org/W3099079911","https://openalex.org/W3099865851","https://openalex.org/W3100645411","https://openalex.org/W3100789280","https://openalex.org/W3104899156","https://openalex.org/W3117424986","https://openalex.org/W3128829940","https://openalex.org/W3130937359","https://openalex.org/W3133542152","https://openalex.org/W3133902755","https://openalex.org/W3134980377","https://openalex.org/W3139186678","https://openalex.org/W3140854437","https://openalex.org/W3140885850","https://openalex.org/W3146342304","https://openalex.org/W3146764839","https://openalex.org/W3149839747","https://openalex.org/W3151685330","https://openalex.org/W3166176762","https://openalex.org/W3168301201","https://openalex.org/W3174752098","https://openalex.org/W3181414820","https://openalex.org/W3188276472","https://openalex.org/W3194730353","https://openalex.org/W3196908521","https://openalex.org/W3198525581","https://openalex.org/W3213324334","https://openalex.org/W3216623900","https://openalex.org/W4200203916","https://openalex.org/W4205154488","https://openalex.org/W4206500946","https://openalex.org/W4206822653","https://openalex.org/W4210475654","https://openalex.org/W4210598935","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4220706376","https://openalex.org/W4220953084","https://openalex.org/W4225630686","https://openalex.org/W4235688662","https://openalex.org/W4235838711","https://openalex.org/W4248150465","https://openalex.org/W4249194216","https://openalex.org/W4255421341","https://openalex.org/W4283455220","https://openalex.org/W4285804017","https://openalex.org/W4288074424","https://openalex.org/W4293250956","https://openalex.org/W4293526428","https://openalex.org/W4295832403","https://openalex.org/W4297009805","https://openalex.org/W4297848564","https://openalex.org/W4303968625","https://openalex.org/W4304688912","https://openalex.org/W4311561865","https://openalex.org/W4313043305","https://openalex.org/W4313472211","https://openalex.org/W4319294919","https://openalex.org/W4321160700","https://openalex.org/W4321789509","https://openalex.org/W4323059045","https://openalex.org/W4353068208","https://openalex.org/W4353087535","https://openalex.org/W4360603582","https://openalex.org/W4362519158","https://openalex.org/W4362552636","https://openalex.org/W4366772654","https://openalex.org/W4367359765","https://openalex.org/W4378901004","https://openalex.org/W4379010340","https://openalex.org/W4385323214","https://openalex.org/W6600311290","https://openalex.org/W6618183935","https://openalex.org/W6632223008","https://openalex.org/W6660269513","https://openalex.org/W6669567902","https://openalex.org/W6677463967","https://openalex.org/W6698313009","https://openalex.org/W6750911246","https://openalex.org/W6791231859","https://openalex.org/W6792692252","https://openalex.org/W6793710544","https://openalex.org/W6807192574","https://openalex.org/W6810332524","https://openalex.org/W6831278067","https://openalex.org/W6849838489"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2351870625","https://openalex.org/W2341518107","https://openalex.org/W2349598717","https://openalex.org/W2385371209","https://openalex.org/W2496529405","https://openalex.org/W4234949831","https://openalex.org/W4313005088","https://openalex.org/W2165780522","https://openalex.org/W4327563507","https://openalex.org/W2186541020"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Integrating":[0],"Artificial":[1],"Intelligence":[2],"(AI)":[3],"techniques":[4],"with":[5,113,131],"remote":[6,34,73,99,117,166],"sensing":[7,100],"holds":[8],"great":[9],"potential":[10,137],"for":[11,148],"revolutionizing":[12],"data":[13,88,91,121],"analysis":[14],"and":[15,37,42,60,64,86,90,104,123,127,129,140,151,157,165],"applications":[16,32,69,158],"in":[17,33,58,72,116],"many":[18],"domains":[19],"of":[20,55,70,97,163],"Earth":[21],"sciences.":[22],"This":[23],"review":[24],"paper":[25],"synthesizes":[26],"the":[27,53,98,160],"existing":[28],"literature":[29],"on":[30],"AI":[31,39,56,71,115,164],"sensing,":[35,74,118],"consolidating":[36],"analyzing":[38],"methodologies,":[40],"outcomes,":[41],"limitations.":[43],"The":[44],"primary":[45],"objectives":[46],"are":[47],"to":[48],"identify":[49],"research":[50,156],"gaps,":[51],"assess":[52],"effectiveness":[54],"approaches":[57],"practice,":[59],"highlight":[61],"emerging":[62],"trends":[63],"challenges.":[65],"We":[66,93,108,143],"explore":[67,110],"diverse":[68],"including":[75],"image":[76],"classification,":[77],"land":[78],"cover":[79],"mapping,":[80],"object":[81],"detection,":[82,84],"change":[83],"hyperspectral":[85],"radar":[87],"analysis,":[89],"fusion.":[92],"present":[94],"an":[95],"overview":[96,147],"technologies,":[101],"methods":[102],"employed,":[103],"relevant":[105],"use":[106],"cases.":[107],"further":[109],"challenges":[111],"associated":[112],"practical":[114],"such":[119],"as":[120,134,136],"quality":[122],"availability,":[124],"model":[125],"uncertainty":[126],"interpretability,":[128],"integration":[130],"domain":[132],"expertise":[133],"well":[135],"solutions,":[138],"advancements,":[139],"future":[141,155],"directions.":[142],"provide":[144],"a":[145],"comprehensive":[146],"researchers,":[149],"practitioners,":[150],"decision":[152],"makers,":[153],"informing":[154],"at":[159],"exciting":[161],"intersection":[162],"sensing.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":93},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":49}],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T08:14:18.477133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}