{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386030339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164083","title":"A Cascade Network for Pattern Recognition Based on Radar Signal Characteristics in Noisy Environments","display_name":"A Cascade Network for Pattern Recognition Based on Radar Signal Characteristics in Noisy Environments","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386030339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164083"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15164083","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164083","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4083/pdf?version=1692590377","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4083/pdf?version=1692590377","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081990594","display_name":"Jingwei Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2667-4233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingwei Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China","Key Laboratory of Electronic Countermeasures Information Processing, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronic Countermeasures Information Processing, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101609099","display_name":"Jifei Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-7060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jifei Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China","Key Laboratory of Electronic Countermeasures Information Processing, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronic Countermeasures Information Processing, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050525678","display_name":"Mingyang Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1369-7818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyang Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101609099"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8711,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78714927,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"16","first_page":"4083","last_page":"4083"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8092502355575562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6509430408477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6411145329475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5821203589439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5446935296058655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.46654558181762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.44399213790893555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.43139657378196716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4276917576789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.2666272521018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.13496819138526917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10481753945350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07497036457061768}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8092502355575562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6509430408477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6411145329475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5821203589439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5446935296058655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.46654558181762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.44399213790893555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.43139657378196716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4276917576789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2666272521018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.13496819138526917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10481753945350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07497036457061768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15164083","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164083","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4083/pdf?version=1692590377","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ac2640270a72429b949fcb39f4618d58","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ac2640270a72429b949fcb39f4618d58","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 16, p 4083 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/16/4083/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15164083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 16; Pages: 4083","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15164083","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164083","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4083/pdf?version=1692590377","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386030339.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2515423224","https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2742305982","https://openalex.org/W2764207251","https://openalex.org/W2803863462","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2886717398","https://openalex.org/W2963420686","https://openalex.org/W3016147814","https://openalex.org/W3022029819","https://openalex.org/W3130749205","https://openalex.org/W3131169892","https://openalex.org/W3155627276","https://openalex.org/W3164058107","https://openalex.org/W3174003812","https://openalex.org/W3183723413","https://openalex.org/W3206905229","https://openalex.org/W4207025702","https://openalex.org/W4207032452","https://openalex.org/W4210701935","https://openalex.org/W4211243112","https://openalex.org/W4214743188","https://openalex.org/W4220983482","https://openalex.org/W4224283338","https://openalex.org/W4280588264","https://openalex.org/W4284885632","https://openalex.org/W4293082518","https://openalex.org/W4295047901","https://openalex.org/W4295204248","https://openalex.org/W4316465026","https://openalex.org/W4317437083","https://openalex.org/W4319599718","https://openalex.org/W4320018370","https://openalex.org/W4383347217","https://openalex.org/W6790753787","https://openalex.org/W6842758157"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293226380","https://openalex.org/W2371138613","https://openalex.org/W2048963458","https://openalex.org/W43109613","https://openalex.org/W2359952343","https://openalex.org/W2080152487","https://openalex.org/W2239445980","https://openalex.org/W2995553446","https://openalex.org/W2120455979","https://openalex.org/W4200527723"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Target":[0],"recognition":[1,50,91,105],"mainly":[2],"focuses":[3],"on":[4,32,66,98,110],"three":[5],"approaches:":[6],"optical-image-based,":[7],"echo-detection-based,":[8],"and":[9,75,165,168,211,235],"passive":[10,16,33],"signal-analysis-based":[11],"methods.":[12],"Among":[13],"them,":[14],"the":[15,80,85,90,99,104,111,125,129,134,138,142,148,151,154,161,173,176,186,204,220],"signal-based":[17],"method":[18,71,171,178,188,231],"is":[19,63,107,121,157],"closely":[20],"integrated":[21],"with":[22,48],"practical":[23],"applications":[24],"due":[25],"to":[26,52,77,93,123,159,217],"its":[27],"strong":[28],"environmental":[29],"adaptability.":[30],"Based":[31],"radar":[34,102],"signal":[35,143],"analysis,":[36],"we":[37,202],"design":[38],"an":[39,196,224],"\u201cend-to-end\u201d":[40],"model":[41],"that":[42],"cascades":[43],"a":[44,49,70],"noise":[45,60,81,95,193],"estimation":[46,61],"network":[47,51,62,92,106,115],"identify":[53],"working":[54],"modes":[55],"in":[56,128,189],"noisy":[57],"environments.":[58],"The":[59],"implemented":[64],"based":[65,109],"U-Net,":[67],"which":[68,87],"adopts":[69],"of":[72,84,101,141,150,163,175,192,199,206,227],"feature":[73],"extraction":[74],"reconstruction":[76],"adaptively":[78],"estimate":[79],"mapping":[82],"level":[83],"sample,":[86],"can":[88],"help":[89],"reduce":[94],"interference.":[96],"Focusing":[97],"characteristics":[100],"signals,":[103],"realized":[108],"multi-scale":[112,135],"convolutional":[113],"attention":[114],"(MSCANet).":[116],"Firstly,":[117],"deep":[118,213],"group":[119],"convolution":[120,136],"used":[122,158],"isolate":[124],"channel":[126],"interaction":[127],"shallow":[130],"network.":[131],"Then,":[132],"through":[133],"module,":[137],"finer-grained":[139],"features":[140],"are":[144],"extracted":[145],"without":[146],"increasing":[147],"complexity":[149],"model.":[152],"Finally,":[153],"self-attention":[155],"mechanism":[156],"suppress":[160],"influence":[162],"low-correlation":[164],"negative-correlation":[166],"channels":[167],"spaces.":[169],"This":[170],"overcomes":[172],"problem":[174],"conventional":[177],"being":[179],"seriously":[180],"disturbed":[181],"by":[182],"noise.":[183],"We":[184],"validated":[185],"proposed":[187,221],"81":[190],"kinds":[191],"environment,":[194],"achieving":[195],"average":[197],"accuracy":[198,225],"94.65%.":[200],"Additionally,":[201],"discussed":[203],"performance":[205],"six":[207],"machine":[208],"learning":[209,214],"algorithms":[210],"four":[212],"algorithms.":[215],"Compared":[216],"these":[218],"methods,":[219],"MSCANet":[222],"achieved":[223],"improvement":[226],"approximately":[228],"17%.":[229],"Our":[230],"demonstrates":[232],"better":[233],"generalization":[234],"robustness.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-28T09:26:25.869077","created_date":"2023-08-22T00:00:00"}
