{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385835508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164033","title":"Exploring Effective Detection and Spatial Pattern of Prickly Pear Cactus (Opuntia Genus) from Airborne Imagery before and after Prescribed Fires in the Edwards Plateau","display_name":"Exploring Effective Detection and Spatial Pattern of Prickly Pear Cactus (Opuntia Genus) from Airborne Imagery before and after Prescribed Fires in the Edwards Plateau","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385835508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164033"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15164033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164033","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4033/pdf?version=1692075808","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4033/pdf?version=1692075808","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080429071","display_name":"Xavier A. Jaime","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0787-2242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xavier A. Jaime","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046676421","display_name":"Jay P. Angerer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0988-7181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159686","display_name":"Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05xy09e29","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I4210145274","https://openalex.org/I4210159686"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jay P. Angerer","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Agricultural Research Service, Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory, Miles City, MT 59301, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Agricultural Research Service, Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory, Miles City, MT 59301, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159686","https://openalex.org/I1312222531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049743100","display_name":"Chenghai Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-628X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenghai Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Agricultural Research Service, Aerial Application Technology Research Unit, College Station, TX 77845, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Agricultural Research Service, Aerial Application Technology Research Unit, College Station, TX 77845, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000118921","display_name":"John R. Walker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5349-1689"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M AgriLife Research, San Angelo, TX 76901, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M AgriLife Research, San Angelo, TX 76901, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014235718","display_name":"Jose Mata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7160-6785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Mata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013200408","display_name":"Douglas R. Tolleson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6482-4020"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doug R. Tolleson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Sonora, TX 76950, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Sonora, TX 76950, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026649998","display_name":"X. Ben Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5947-3118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X. Ben Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046676421"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I4210159686"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.9425,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85452965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"16","first_page":"4033","last_page":"4033"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12073","display_name":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12330","display_name":"Botanical Research and Applications","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endmember","display_name":"Endmember","score":0.7242387533187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5758218765258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abundance","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","score":0.44293320178985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arid","display_name":"Arid","score":0.43147751688957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-distribution","display_name":"Spatial distribution","score":0.4285500645637512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.4109308123588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.40952885150909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.39795440435409546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.356411874294281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3530959486961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forestry","display_name":"Forestry","score":0.35269784927368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.22806298732757568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.16043153405189514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.15982207655906677}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58237817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5376204","display_name":"Endmember","level":3,"score":0.7242387533187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5758218765258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.44293320178985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150772632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330709","display_name":"Arid","level":2,"score":0.43147751688957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574061","display_name":"Spatial distribution","level":2,"score":0.4285500645637512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.4109308123588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.40952885150909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.39795440435409546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.356411874294281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3530959486961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.35269784927368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.22806298732757568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.16043153405189514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15982207655906677}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15164033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164033","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4033/pdf?version=1692075808","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0a5f2df1907341b8b88325f876cf6ce1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0a5f2df1907341b8b88325f876cf6ce1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 16, p 4033 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/16/4033/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15164033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 16; Pages: 4033","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15164033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15164033","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/16/4033/pdf?version=1692075808","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2821775107","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-68012-29819","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3484340873","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Animal","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3890658974","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Hatch","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5658835844","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Hatch Project 1003961","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G610978363","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1003961","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6460149962","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-68012-29819","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G959805230","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1003961","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/05qx3fv49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333886","display_name":"Department Ecosystem Science and Management, Texas A and M University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385835508.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":93,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108073006","https://openalex.org/W273955616","https://openalex.org/W301162139","https://openalex.org/W1485678107","https://openalex.org/W1623768750","https://openalex.org/W1964217023","https://openalex.org/W1965548396","https://openalex.org/W1978617972","https://openalex.org/W1986806303","https://openalex.org/W1992111150","https://openalex.org/W1998997260","https://openalex.org/W2000102737","https://openalex.org/W2005270253","https://openalex.org/W2009413360","https://openalex.org/W2009539575","https://openalex.org/W2010319424","https://openalex.org/W2023429667","https://openalex.org/W2027249140","https://openalex.org/W2035609990","https://openalex.org/W2059038269","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2063907334","https://openalex.org/W2066346191","https://openalex.org/W2078619499","https://openalex.org/W2084229106","https://openalex.org/W2087486404","https://openalex.org/W2088869795","https://openalex.org/W2093647714","https://openalex.org/W2094304765","https://openalex.org/W2095939249","https://openalex.org/W2097129360","https://openalex.org/W2099104358","https://openalex.org/W2099553813","https://openalex.org/W2110437838","https://openalex.org/W2118921056","https://openalex.org/W2121643651","https://openalex.org/W2131541495","https://openalex.org/W2132424470","https://openalex.org/W2136635411","https://openalex.org/W2139086914","https://openalex.org/W2147842585","https://openalex.org/W2159702598","https://openalex.org/W2159961845","https://openalex.org/W2160511427","https://openalex.org/W2161815745","https://openalex.org/W2161992104","https://openalex.org/W2167835673","https://openalex.org/W2175056070","https://openalex.org/W2199578048","https://openalex.org/W2298403775","https://openalex.org/W2316057365","https://openalex.org/W2332357408","https://openalex.org/W2508621980","https://openalex.org/W2510633646","https://openalex.org/W2591415254","https://openalex.org/W2623308092","https://openalex.org/W2753812127","https://openalex.org/W2755547157","https://openalex.org/W2769002552","https://openalex.org/W2770340534","https://openalex.org/W2783096881","https://openalex.org/W2783393791","https://openalex.org/W2803030014","https://openalex.org/W2810045919","https://openalex.org/W2883819371","https://openalex.org/W2889999572","https://openalex.org/W2899043065","https://openalex.org/W2901914797","https://openalex.org/W2905754522","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2938457698","https://openalex.org/W2955437746","https://openalex.org/W2995201943","https://openalex.org/W3006303934","https://openalex.org/W3088162569","https://openalex.org/W3097321085","https://openalex.org/W3097566126","https://openalex.org/W3114009147","https://openalex.org/W3121069613","https://openalex.org/W3122049309","https://openalex.org/W3124799434","https://openalex.org/W3130461578","https://openalex.org/W3140223537","https://openalex.org/W4205779174","https://openalex.org/W4220735397","https://openalex.org/W4294908042","https://openalex.org/W4296569546","https://openalex.org/W6610017368","https://openalex.org/W6610518153","https://openalex.org/W6628870910","https://openalex.org/W6697716764","https://openalex.org/W6797317855","https://openalex.org/W6870675967"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136635809","https://openalex.org/W2018409903","https://openalex.org/W2122965290","https://openalex.org/W2039688465","https://openalex.org/W2051369786","https://openalex.org/W4214827030","https://openalex.org/W2955751284","https://openalex.org/W2006559622","https://openalex.org/W2954177691","https://openalex.org/W2181713778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,30,99,131,148,157,234,254,268,277,286,314,331,350],"past":[2],"century,":[3],"prickly":[4,310,320,356],"pear":[5,311,321,357],"(PP)":[6],"cactus":[7],"(e.g.,":[8],"genus":[9],"Opuntia;":[10],"subgenus":[11],"Platyopuntia)":[12],"has":[13],"increased":[14],"on":[15,285,319],"semi-arid":[16],"rangelands.":[17],"Effective":[18],"detection":[19],"of":[20,33,134,189,237,256,271,281,316,326,335,355],"cacti":[21],"abundance":[22,120,208],"and":[23,57,66,73,83,95,118,122,141,159,170,173,180,186,230,261,279,294,304,312,333,348,352],"spatial":[24,69,132,269,322],"pattern":[25,133,270],"is":[26],"challenging":[27],"due":[28],"to":[29,46,63,114,308],"inherent":[31],"heterogeneity":[32],"rangeland":[34,338],"landscapes.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"study,":[38,128],"high-resolution":[39],"multispectral":[40],"imageries":[41],"(0.21":[42],"m)":[43],"were":[44,192,199],"used":[45,113],"test":[47],"object-based":[48],"(OB)":[49],"feature":[50],"extraction,":[51],"random":[52],"forest":[53],"(RF)":[54],"machine":[55],"learning,":[56],"spectral":[58,152],"endmember":[59,149,305],"(n-D)":[60],"classification":[61,75,109,150,197,306],"methods":[62,76,198,307],"map":[64,115,309],"PP":[65,116,136,207,238,272,282,327],"evaluate":[67],"its":[68],"pattern.":[70],"We":[71],"trained":[72],"tested":[74],"using":[77],"field-collected":[78],"GPS":[79],"location,":[80],"plant":[81],"cover,":[82,137],"spectrometry":[84],"from":[85,182],"288":[86],"2":[87],"m":[88],"radius":[89],"polygons":[90],"before":[91,121,229],"a":[92,102,126],"prescribed":[93,317],"burn":[94,100,104,142],"480":[96],"samples":[97],"after":[98,123,231],"within":[101,240],"69.2-ha":[103],"unit.":[105],"The":[106,144],"most":[107],"accurate":[108],"method":[110],"was":[111],"then":[112],"distribution":[117,236],"quantify":[119],"fire.":[124],"As":[125],"case":[127],"we":[129],"assessed":[130],"mapped":[135],"considering":[138],"topoedaphic":[139,287],"setting":[140],"conditions.":[143],"results":[145],"showed":[146],"that":[147,204,253,344],"method,":[151],"angle":[153],"mapper":[154],"(SAM),":[155],"outperformed":[156],"RF":[158],"OB":[160],"classifications":[161,202],"with":[162,217],"higher":[163],"kappa":[164],"coefficients":[165],"(KC)":[166],"(0.93":[167],"vs.":[168,178,259],"0.82":[169],"0.23,":[171],"respectively)":[172],"overall":[174],"accuracies":[175],"(OA)":[176],"(0.96":[177],"0.91":[179],"0.49)":[181],"pre-fire":[183],"imagery.":[184],"KC":[185],"OA":[187],"metrics":[188],"post-fire":[190],"imagery":[191],"lower,":[193],"but":[194,211],"rankings":[195],"among":[196],"similar.":[200],"SAM":[201],"revealed":[203,252],"fire":[205,232,318],"reduced":[206,276],"by":[209,214],"46.5%,":[210],"reductions":[212],"varied":[213],"soil":[215],"type,":[216],"deeper":[218,241],"soils":[219,242,262],"having":[220],"greater":[221],"decreases":[222],"(61%).":[223],"Kolmogorov-Smirnov":[224],"tests":[225],"indicated":[226],"significant":[227],"changes":[228],"in":[233,330],"frequency":[235],"cover":[239],"(D":[243],"=":[244,247],"0.64,":[245],"p":[246],"0.02).":[248],"A":[249],"two-way":[250],"ANOVA":[251],"interaction":[255],"season":[257],"(pre-":[258],"post-fire)":[260],"significantly":[263],"(p":[264],"<":[265],"0.00001)":[266],"influenced":[267],"patches.":[273],"Fire":[274],"also":[275],"size":[278],"shape":[280],"patches":[283],"depending":[284],"settings.":[288],"This":[289],"study":[290],"provides":[291],"an":[292],"innovative":[293],"effective":[295],"approach":[296],"for":[297],"integrating":[298],"field":[299],"data":[300],"collection,":[301],"remote":[302],"sensing,":[303],"assess":[313],"effects":[315],"patterns.":[323],"Accurate":[324],"mapping":[325],"can":[328,345],"aid":[329],"design":[332],"implementation":[334],"spatially":[336],"explicit":[337],"management":[339],"strategies,":[340],"such":[341],"as":[342],"fire,":[343],"help":[346],"reduce":[347],"mitigate":[349],"ecological":[351],"economic":[353],"impacts":[354],"expansion.":[358]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}