{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380047309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122989","title":"Ut\u00f6 Observatory for Analysing Atmospheric Ducting Events over Baltic Coastal and Marine Waters","display_name":"Ut\u00f6 Observatory for Analysing Atmospheric Ducting Events over Baltic Coastal and Marine Waters","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380047309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15122989","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122989","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/2989/pdf?version=1686207041","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/2989/pdf?version=1686207041","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102848034","display_name":"Laura Rautiainen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-2647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Laura Rautiainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-2647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083202191","display_name":"Jani Tyynel\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4360-3800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jani Tyynel\u00e4","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088593059","display_name":"Mikko Lensu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3932-4139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikko Lensu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081007893","display_name":"Simo-Matti Siiri\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8261-8370"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simo Siiri\u00e4","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067947954","display_name":"Ville Vakkari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27765905","display_name":"North-West University","ror":"https://ror.org/010f1sq29","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27765905"]}],"countries":["FI","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ville Vakkari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa","Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27765905"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070201527","display_name":"Ewan O\u2019Connor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9834-5100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ewan O\u2019Connor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9834-5100","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032783086","display_name":"Karoliina H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-7559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karoliina H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-7559","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019774275","display_name":"Harry Lonka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harry Lonka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092125284","display_name":"Ken Stenb\u00e4ck","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ken Stenb\u00e4ck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010568474","display_name":"Jarmo Koistinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3667-2071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jarmo Koistinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3667-2071","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003488895","display_name":"Lauri Laakso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3340-4648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27765905","display_name":"North-West University","ror":"https://ror.org/010f1sq29","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27765905"]}],"countries":["FI","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lauri Laakso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa","Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3340-4648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, Chemical Resource Beneficiation, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27765905"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102848034"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":8.0102,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9665939,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"12","first_page":"2989","last_page":"2989"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9772999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-duct","display_name":"Atmospheric duct","score":0.9848564267158508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6907104849815369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observatory","display_name":"Observatory","score":0.6477600932121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5616909861564636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.554634690284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typhoon","display_name":"Typhoon","score":0.5111268162727356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.4807741045951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.4696119427680969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-orthogonal-functions","display_name":"Empirical orthogonal functions","score":0.445220947265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.29847419261932373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmosphere","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","score":0.25899478793144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.1529363989830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.13067492842674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10922521352767944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.09661680459976196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07718163728713989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172057663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817109","display_name":"Atmospheric duct","level":3,"score":0.9848564267158508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6907104849815369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779919027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62832","display_name":"Observatory","level":2,"score":0.6477600932121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5616909861564636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.554634690284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181654704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140588","display_name":"Typhoon","level":2,"score":0.5111268162727356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.4807741045951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4696119427680969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13724139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3042818","display_name":"Empirical orthogonal functions","level":2,"score":0.445220947265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.29847419261932373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.25899478793144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.1529363989830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13067492842674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10922521352767944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09661680459976196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07718163728713989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15122989","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122989","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/2989/pdf?version=1686207041","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:25af4b6a2a254031be2ed67bbb437fbd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/25af4b6a2a254031be2ed67bbb437fbd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 12, p 2989 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/12/2989/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15122989","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 12; Pages: 2989","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15122989","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122989","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/2989/pdf?version=1686207041","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G473313039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"335943","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5540813335","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"338150","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7428650684","display_name":"Wave-induced structural gradients in Antarctic sea ice cover - ANTGRAD","funder_award_id":"335943","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380047309.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490948084","https://openalex.org/W1970087154","https://openalex.org/W1977927554","https://openalex.org/W1983548874","https://openalex.org/W1994529922","https://openalex.org/W2006022195","https://openalex.org/W2026680405","https://openalex.org/W2030117480","https://openalex.org/W2042011267","https://openalex.org/W2067916732","https://openalex.org/W2104025125","https://openalex.org/W2120178384","https://openalex.org/W2127669554","https://openalex.org/W2138665581","https://openalex.org/W2146132545","https://openalex.org/W2152300762","https://openalex.org/W2162402586","https://openalex.org/W2166055245","https://openalex.org/W2167913975","https://openalex.org/W2483733320","https://openalex.org/W2737675090","https://openalex.org/W2767209351","https://openalex.org/W2799685915","https://openalex.org/W2861254206","https://openalex.org/W2897407869","https://openalex.org/W3043603870","https://openalex.org/W3089173575","https://openalex.org/W3090596617","https://openalex.org/W3095402549","https://openalex.org/W4200147985","https://openalex.org/W4240379295","https://openalex.org/W4281617985","https://openalex.org/W4308127042","https://openalex.org/W4308484484","https://openalex.org/W4319994053","https://openalex.org/W4404709197","https://openalex.org/W6680568116","https://openalex.org/W6722672592"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2322294131","https://openalex.org/W2078521877","https://openalex.org/W4377023816","https://openalex.org/W3025524342","https://openalex.org/W2381913349","https://openalex.org/W3125308484","https://openalex.org/W4392617234","https://openalex.org/W2368202014","https://openalex.org/W2044728225","https://openalex.org/W40611043"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Maritime":[0],"safety":[1,182],"relies":[2],"on":[3],"navigation,":[4],"detection,":[5],"and":[6,37,40,49,88,93,100,179,183],"radio":[7],"communication":[8],"technologies":[9],"that":[10,56,143,162],"function":[11],"through":[12],"electromagnetic":[13,17],"radiation.":[14],"Propagation":[15],"of":[16,46,59,69,102,170],"radiation":[18],"can":[19,112],"be":[20,113],"impacted":[21],"by":[22],"a":[23,33,66,115,136],"disruptive":[24],"phenomenon":[25],"known":[26],"as":[27],"ducting.":[28],"Our":[29],"four-week":[30],"study":[31],"using":[32],"X-band":[34],"coastal":[35,94,124],"radar":[36,95,125,141],"various":[38],"meteorological":[39],"marine":[41],"observations,":[42],"including":[43],"vertical":[44,82],"profiles":[45,83,133],"temperature,":[47],"humidity":[48],"wind,":[50],"in":[51,72],"early":[52],"spring":[53],"2022":[54],"concluded":[55],"the":[57,62,73,81,85,103,108,122,127,140,147,152,168,171],"combination":[58],"measurements":[60],"at":[61,139],"Ut\u00f6":[63,123,172],"observatory":[64,173],"provides":[65],"reliable":[67],"means":[68],"detecting":[70],"ducting":[71,148,158,163],"Archipelago":[74],"Sea.":[75],"The":[76,130],"modified":[77,109],"refractivity":[78,110],"calculated":[79],"from":[80],"for":[84,118,174],"22\u201359":[86],"m":[87,90],"32\u201359":[89],"altitude":[91],"layers":[92],"over-the-horizon":[96,119],"observations":[97],"agree":[98],"77%":[99],"85%":[101],"time,":[104],"respectively.":[105],"As":[106],"such,":[107],"gradient":[111],"considered":[114],"good":[116],"indicator":[117],"detection":[120],"with":[121,146],"over":[126],"open":[128],"sea.":[129],"horizontal":[131],"wind":[132],"also":[134],"revealed":[135],"low-level":[137],"jet":[138],"height":[142],"often":[144],"coincided":[145],"observations.":[149],"To":[150],"quantify":[151],"results,":[153],"we":[154],"created":[155],"an":[156],"empirical":[157],"index":[159],"which":[160],"showed":[161],"is":[164],"spatially":[165],"variable,":[166],"showing":[167],"capabilities":[169],"research":[175],"oriented":[176],"towards":[177],"monitoring":[178],"improving":[180],"maritime":[181],"security.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2023-06-10T00:00:00"}