{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380049213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122976","title":"Modified Auto-Focusing Algorithm for High Squint Diving SAR Imaging Based on the Back-Projection Algorithm with Spectrum Alignment and Truncation","display_name":"Modified Auto-Focusing Algorithm for High Squint Diving SAR Imaging Based on the Back-Projection Algorithm with Spectrum Alignment and Truncation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380049213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122976"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15122976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122976","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/2976/pdf?version=1686137895","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/2976/pdf?version=1686137895","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039323178","display_name":"Anqi Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anqi Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069043471","display_name":"Bing Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-2406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bing Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101503933","display_name":"Mengyuan Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5427-4192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengyuan Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408563","display_name":"Xue Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5491-1235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100397286","display_name":"Jingwen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5472-9898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingwen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069043471"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8627,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76359844,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"12","first_page":"2976","last_page":"2976"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.7045763731002808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7037248611450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autofocus","display_name":"Autofocus","score":0.658815860748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aliasing","display_name":"Aliasing","score":0.6309764981269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6206072568893433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6176429986953735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-target","display_name":"Point target","score":0.5379008054733276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.37675121426582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.2541573941707611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.25254836678504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1717149317264557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.7045763731002808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7037248611450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103764139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210008","display_name":"Autofocus","level":3,"score":0.658815860748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4069607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868732","display_name":"Aliasing","level":3,"score":0.6309764981269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6206072568893433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6176429986953735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778999744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208292","display_name":"Point target","level":3,"score":0.5379008054733276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.37675121426582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.2541573941707611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.25254836678504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1717149317264557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136536468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1225894","display_name":"Undersampling","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15122976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122976","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/2976/pdf?version=1686137895","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0005d906548544b5879c19ac67aa50b7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0005d906548544b5879c19ac67aa50b7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 12, p 2976 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/12/2976/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15122976","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 12; Pages: 2976","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15122976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15122976","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/2976/pdf?version=1686137895","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G187009313","display_name":"\u8fd0\u52a8\u76ee\u6807\u975e\u89c6\u57df\u63a2\u6d4b\u56de\u6ce2\u4fe1\u53f7\u5efa\u6a21\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62071022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3825791392","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2241202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380049213.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W854587740","https://openalex.org/W1512065934","https://openalex.org/W1966775605","https://openalex.org/W1967946416","https://openalex.org/W1976051475","https://openalex.org/W1977072619","https://openalex.org/W1999182472","https://openalex.org/W2097500254","https://openalex.org/W2098618434","https://openalex.org/W2110965352","https://openalex.org/W2112755032","https://openalex.org/W2113466417","https://openalex.org/W2116998902","https://openalex.org/W2134062774","https://openalex.org/W2143070649","https://openalex.org/W2158614875","https://openalex.org/W2245827188","https://openalex.org/W2292681250","https://openalex.org/W2322107842","https://openalex.org/W2330565001","https://openalex.org/W2333220640","https://openalex.org/W2461454668","https://openalex.org/W2599776333","https://openalex.org/W2774631565","https://openalex.org/W2794363235","https://openalex.org/W2802527090","https://openalex.org/W2984897910","https://openalex.org/W3004023606","https://openalex.org/W3048838410","https://openalex.org/W3195555309","https://openalex.org/W3200807802","https://openalex.org/W4210675694","https://openalex.org/W4309306175","https://openalex.org/W4317886138","https://openalex.org/W4366773436","https://openalex.org/W6697101771","https://openalex.org/W6728895673","https://openalex.org/W6801436118"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285138054","https://openalex.org/W2083992722","https://openalex.org/W2763904007","https://openalex.org/W1755453833","https://openalex.org/W2068843146","https://openalex.org/W2088264922","https://openalex.org/W2054220418","https://openalex.org/W2462749609","https://openalex.org/W2557037589","https://openalex.org/W1998424290"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,20,119,157,175],"study":[1],"focuses":[2],"on":[3],"addressing":[4],"the":[5,39,55,58,62,71,80,90,99,122,131,148,153,160,178],"image":[6,179],"defocusing":[7],"issue":[8],"caused":[9],"by":[10],"motion":[11],"errors":[12],"in":[13,31,37,61,75,98,187],"highly":[14,76,115],"squinted":[15,77,116],"Synthetic":[16],"Aperture":[17],"Radar":[18],"(SAR).":[19],"traditional":[21],"auto-focusing":[22,110],"algorithm,":[23],"Phase":[24],"Gradient":[25],"Autofocus":[26],"(PGA),":[27],"is":[28,112,143,163],"not":[29,68],"effective":[30],"this":[32,52,106],"mode":[33],"due":[34],"to":[35,51,121,129,145],"difficulties":[36],"estimating":[38],"phase":[40,149],"gradient":[41,150],"accurately":[42,146],"from":[43],"strong":[44],"point":[45,168],"targets.":[46,104],"Two":[47],"main":[48],"reasons":[49],"contribute":[50],"problem.":[53],"Firstly,":[54],"direction":[56,74],"of":[57,83,102,159,172,177,184],"energy-distributed":[59],"lines":[60],"Point":[63],"Spread":[64],"Function":[65],"(PSF)":[66],"does":[67],"align":[69],"with":[70,167],"image\u2019s":[72],"azimuth":[73,100],"mode.":[78],"Secondly,":[79],"wavenumber":[81,137],"spectrum":[82,101,138],"high":[84],"squint":[85],"SAR":[86,117],"images":[87],"obtained":[88],"using":[89],"Back-Projection":[91],"Algorithm":[92],"(BPA)":[93],"varies":[94],"spatially,":[95],"causing":[96],"aliasing":[97],"all":[103],"In":[105],"paper,":[107],"a":[108,135],"new":[109],"method":[111,142],"proposed":[113,144,161],"for":[114],"imaging.":[118],"modifications":[120],"BP":[123],"imaging":[124],"grids":[125],"have":[126],"been":[127],"implemented":[128],"address":[130],"first":[132],"problem,":[133],"while":[134],"novel":[136],"shifting":[139],"and":[140,151,170],"truncation":[141],"extract":[147],"tackle":[152],"spatial":[154],"variation":[155],"issue.":[156],"feasibility":[158],"algorithm":[162],"verified":[164],"through":[165],"simulations":[166],"targets":[169],"processing":[171],"real":[173],"data.":[174],"evaluation":[176],"shows":[180],"an":[181],"average":[182],"improvement":[183],"four":[185],"times":[186],"PSLR":[188],"(Peak-Sidelobe-to-Noise":[189],"Ratio).":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2023-06-10T00:00:00"}