{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379057997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15112866","title":"Evaluation and Applicability Analysis of GPM Satellite Precipitation over Mainland China","display_name":"Evaluation and Applicability Analysis of GPM Satellite Precipitation over Mainland China","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379057997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15112866"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15112866","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15112866","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/11/2866/pdf?version=1685588075","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/11/2866/pdf?version=1685588075","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012288080","display_name":"Xinshun Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106122","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)","ror":"https://ror.org/00y7mag53","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012567","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)","ror":"https://ror.org/03swgqh13","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinshun Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","Nanhai Meteorological Bureau of Foshan, Foshan 528315, China","School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanhai Meteorological Bureau of Foshan, Foshan 528315, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122","https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016257400","display_name":"Huan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2920-8860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106122","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)","ror":"https://ror.org/00y7mag53","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144776","display_name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center","ror":"https://ror.org/042607708","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012567","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)","ror":"https://ror.org/03swgqh13","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA","Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2920-8860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122","https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018862176","display_name":"Sirong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2955-1047"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sirong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Climate Center, Nanning 530022, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Climate Center, Nanning 530022, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087404852","display_name":"Nergui Nanding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3912-2107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nergui Nanding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3912-2107","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101559482","display_name":"Zhijun Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-1073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106122","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)","ror":"https://ror.org/00y7mag53","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012567","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)","ror":"https://ror.org/03swgqh13","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhijun Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122","https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102790697","display_name":"Weitian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-8872"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106122","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)","ror":"https://ror.org/00y7mag53","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012567","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)","ror":"https://ror.org/03swgqh13","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weitian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122","https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682050","display_name":"Chaoqun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8750-9237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106122","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)","ror":"https://ror.org/00y7mag53","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012567","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)","ror":"https://ror.org/03swgqh13","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaoqun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122","https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025841335","display_name":"Xiaomeng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3471-7400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106122","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)","ror":"https://ror.org/00y7mag53","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012567","display_name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)","ror":"https://ror.org/03swgqh13","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaomeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3471-7400","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106122","https://openalex.org/I4391012567"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018862176"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":5.2561,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96671718,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"11","first_page":"2866","last_page":"2866"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7978615164756775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.7168622612953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-precipitation-measurement","display_name":"Global Precipitation Measurement","score":0.5893487334251404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.5601198673248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5439621210098267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mainland-china","display_name":"Mainland China","score":0.4733823835849762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.46876260638237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation-coefficient","display_name":"Correlation coefficient","score":0.45599812269210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.41584211587905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.3457060158252716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12303507328033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.10995721817016602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.0964040458202362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08853882551193237}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7978615164756775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.7168622612953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29278236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3108963","display_name":"Global Precipitation Measurement","level":3,"score":0.5893487334251404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.5601198673248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5439621210098267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107029721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19188","display_name":"Mainland China","level":3,"score":0.4733823835849762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.46876260638237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780092901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433612","display_name":"Correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.45599812269210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.41584211587905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.3457060158252716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12303507328033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10995721817016602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0964040458202362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08853882551193237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15112866","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15112866","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/11/2866/pdf?version=1685588075","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8693f522a11c4e5f90fa55f65e8bde2e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8693f522a11c4e5f90fa55f65e8bde2e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 11, p 2866 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/11/2866/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15112866","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 11; Pages: 2866","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15112866","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15112866","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/11/2866/pdf?version=1685588075","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3665811546","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42088101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4035910385","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41905101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G569792103","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42275019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4379057997.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025412377","https://openalex.org/W2058921101","https://openalex.org/W2073298425","https://openalex.org/W2083540062","https://openalex.org/W2083662853","https://openalex.org/W2191985424","https://openalex.org/W2414694296","https://openalex.org/W2520203883","https://openalex.org/W2777983096","https://openalex.org/W2782393710","https://openalex.org/W2791629014","https://openalex.org/W2809449387","https://openalex.org/W2899363336","https://openalex.org/W3165398321","https://openalex.org/W3170071112","https://openalex.org/W3210685332","https://openalex.org/W4206034142","https://openalex.org/W4223940930","https://openalex.org/W4283731834","https://openalex.org/W4289531761","https://openalex.org/W4296107655","https://openalex.org/W4303980687","https://openalex.org/W4311605955","https://openalex.org/W6797357273","https://openalex.org/W6947874096"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3015313173","https://openalex.org/W2053051519","https://openalex.org/W4230099655","https://openalex.org/W2066321586","https://openalex.org/W1541821489","https://openalex.org/W1983352859","https://openalex.org/W2016301644","https://openalex.org/W4382982879","https://openalex.org/W4385380152","https://openalex.org/W4311044000"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,220],"study":[1,221],"aims":[2],"to":[3,116,191,246],"systematically":[4],"evaluate":[5,201],"the":[6,109,132,144,149,192,202,206,235,248],"accuracy":[7,249],"and":[8,17,26,62,87,99,118,123,148,174,187],"applicability":[9],"of":[10,54,91,104,111,125,134,139,164,195,238,250],"GPM":[11,79,112,135],"satellite":[12,80,158,196],"precipitation":[13,81,113,119,165,230,244],"products":[14,82,142,168],"(IMERG-E,":[15],"IMERG-L,":[16],"IMERG-F)":[18],"with":[19,93],"varying":[20],"time":[21],"lags":[22],"at":[23,209],"different":[24,129,137],"spatial":[25,105],"temporal":[27],"scales":[28,212],"over":[29,217],"mainland":[30,218],"China.":[31,219],"We":[32],"use":[33],"quantitative":[34],"statistical":[35],"indicators,":[36],"including":[37],"correlation":[38],"coefficient":[39],"(CC),":[40],"root":[41],"mean":[42,46,50],"square":[43],"error":[44,48],"(RMSE),":[45],"absolute":[47],"(MAE),":[49],"daily":[51],"precipitation,":[52,140],"probability":[53],"detection":[55],"(POD),":[56],"false":[57],"alarm":[58],"rate":[59],"(FAR),":[60],"bias,":[61],"equitable":[63],"threat":[64],"score":[65],"(ETS),":[66],"based":[67],"on":[68,214],"observations":[69],"from":[70],"2419":[71],"national":[72],"gauge":[73],"sites.":[74],"The":[75],"results":[76],"show":[77],"that":[78,154],"perform":[83,143],"well":[84],"in":[85,97,102,146,151],"eastern":[86],"southern":[88],"humid":[89],"regions":[90,101],"China,":[92],"relatively":[94],"poorer":[95],"performance":[96,171],"western":[98],"northern":[100],"terms":[103,163],"distribution.":[106],"It":[107,232],"reflects":[108],"sensitivity":[110],"retrieval":[114],"algorithm":[115],"climate":[117],"type,":[120],"topography,":[121],"density,":[122],"quality":[124],"ground":[126],"observation":[127],"across":[128],"latitudes.":[130],"Despite":[131],"design":[133],"for":[136,172,184,226],"forms":[138],"IMERG":[141,167,203],"best":[145],"summer":[147],"worst":[150],"winter,":[152],"indicating":[153],"estimating":[155],"snowfalls":[156],"via":[157],"is":[159],"still":[160],"challenging.":[161],"In":[162],"intensity,":[166],"significantly":[169],"improve":[170],"light":[173],"no":[175],"rain":[176],"(POD":[177],"\u2265":[178],"0.7),":[179],"but":[180],"errors":[181],"gradually":[182],"increase":[183],"moderate,":[185],"heavy,":[186],"torrential":[188],"rain,":[189],"due":[190],"saturation":[193],"tendency":[194],"echoes.":[197],"Overall,":[198],"we":[199],"comprehensively":[200],"products,":[204],"revealing":[205],"distinct":[207],"characteristics":[208],"various":[210],"spatial\u2013temporal":[211],"focusing":[213],"rainfall":[215],"accumulations":[216],"provides":[222],"an":[223],"important":[224],"reference":[225],"other":[227],"similar":[228],"satellite-based":[229],"products.":[231],"also":[233],"helps":[234],"parameter":[236],"optimization":[237],"hydrological":[239],"modelling,":[240],"especially":[241],"under":[242],"extreme":[243],"conditions,":[245],"enhance":[247],"flood":[251],"simulation.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2023-06-02T00:00:00"}
