{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381927608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102613","title":"GNSS/RNSS Integrated PPP Time Transfer: Performance with Almost Fully Deployed Multiple Constellations and a Priori ISB Constraints Considering Satellite Clock Datums","display_name":"GNSS/RNSS Integrated PPP Time Transfer: Performance with Almost Fully Deployed Multiple Constellations and a Priori ISB Constraints Considering Satellite Clock Datums","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381927608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102613"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15102613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102613","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2613/pdf?version=1684383940","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2613/pdf?version=1684383940","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104015671","display_name":"Gen Pei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gen Pei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026005771","display_name":"Lin Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2921-1402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lin Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101610764","display_name":"Zhehao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9134-046X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhehao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048696544","display_name":"Wenkun Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1737-4925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenkun Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026005771"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.2687,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92894664,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"10","first_page":"2613","last_page":"2613"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quasi-zenith-satellite-system","display_name":"Quasi-Zenith Satellite System","score":0.7675641775131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-transfer","display_name":"Time transfer","score":0.6958949565887451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6889634132385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glonass","display_name":"GLONASS","score":0.6291417479515076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.5927494764328003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.5733950138092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galileo","display_name":"Galileo (satellite navigation)","score":0.5701848268508911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precise-point-positioning","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","score":0.5574623346328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5439794063568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.5425146222114563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.39281371235847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.37476590275764465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.33572572469711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2045222818851471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.18589478731155396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.09449443221092224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0745522677898407}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68477667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862327","display_name":"Quasi-Zenith Satellite System","level":5,"score":0.7675641775131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127568405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7805271","display_name":"Time transfer","level":3,"score":0.6958949565887451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6889634132385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102451475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486250","display_name":"GLONASS","level":4,"score":0.6291417479515076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.5927494764328003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.5733950138092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177219330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193902","display_name":"Galileo (satellite navigation)","level":2,"score":0.5701848268508911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202511199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239503","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","level":4,"score":0.5574623346328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5439794063568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.5425146222114563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.39281371235847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.37476590275764465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.33572572469711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2045222818851471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.18589478731155396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.09449443221092224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0745522677898407}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15102613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102613","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2613/pdf?version=1684383940","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3ccab7da4a754488912127b8a272ffd8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3ccab7da4a754488912127b8a272ffd8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 10, p 2613 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/10/2613/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15102613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 10; Pages: 2613","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15102613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102613","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2613/pdf?version=1684383940","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1894627071","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41904030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381927608.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982055901","https://openalex.org/W1988924604","https://openalex.org/W2026221531","https://openalex.org/W2028352254","https://openalex.org/W2046078919","https://openalex.org/W2060803307","https://openalex.org/W2105635397","https://openalex.org/W2172450949","https://openalex.org/W2541463463","https://openalex.org/W2884622083","https://openalex.org/W2886131188","https://openalex.org/W2914876350","https://openalex.org/W2921451099","https://openalex.org/W2951046589","https://openalex.org/W2961097428","https://openalex.org/W3016657321","https://openalex.org/W3042244619","https://openalex.org/W3081547854","https://openalex.org/W3131005407","https://openalex.org/W3133015950","https://openalex.org/W3133898506","https://openalex.org/W3178998033","https://openalex.org/W3190112112","https://openalex.org/W4200257861","https://openalex.org/W4281901226","https://openalex.org/W4309879204"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2078563058","https://openalex.org/W4250162912","https://openalex.org/W3003033525","https://openalex.org/W2014739618","https://openalex.org/W4390057074","https://openalex.org/W1983785573","https://openalex.org/W2078952994","https://openalex.org/W2023466656","https://openalex.org/W316161124","https://openalex.org/W2028009106"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Currently,":[0],"the":[1,6,40,55,59,71,79,107,113,119,137,147,150,164,169,179,191],"space":[2],"segment":[3],"of":[4,11,58,70,97,118,140,168],"all":[5],"five":[7],"satellite":[8,151],"systems":[9],"capable":[10],"providing":[12],"precise":[13,41,46],"time":[14,42,64,67,96,115,165],"transfer":[15,43,68,116,166],"services,":[16],"namely":[17],"BDS":[18],"(including":[19],"BDS-3":[20],"and":[21,26,78,89,100,178,188],"BDS-2),":[22],"GPS,":[23],"GLONASS,":[24],"Galileo,":[25],"Quasi-Zenith":[27],"Satellite":[28],"System":[29],"(QZSS),":[30],"has":[31],"almost":[32],"been":[33],"fully":[34],"deployed,":[35],"which":[36,104],"will":[37],"definitely":[38],"benefit":[39],"with":[44,125],"satellite-based":[45],"point":[47],"positioning":[48],"(PPP)":[49],"technology.":[50],"This":[51],"study":[52],"focuses":[53],"on":[54],"latest":[56],"performance":[57,117],"BDS/GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/QZSS":[60],"five-system":[61,72,120,170],"combined":[62],"PPP":[63,74,122,172],"transfer.":[65],"The":[66],"accuracy":[69,167],"integrated":[73,121,171],"was":[75,82],"0.061":[76],"ns,":[77],"frequency":[80,180],"stability":[81,181],"1.24":[83],"\u00d7":[84,87,91],"10\u221213,":[85],"2.28":[86],"10\u221214,":[88],"8.74":[90],"10\u221215":[92],"at":[93,123,190],"an":[94],"average":[95,193],"102,":[98],"103,":[99],"104":[101],"s,":[102],"respectively,":[103],"significantly":[105],"outperforms":[106],"single-system":[108],"cases.":[109],"We":[110],"also":[111],"verified":[112],"outstanding":[114],"locations":[124],"limited":[126],"sky":[127],"view.":[128],"In":[129],"addition,":[130],"a":[131,160],"method":[132],"is":[133],"proposed":[134],"to":[135],"mitigate":[136],"day-boundary":[138],"jumps":[139],"inter-system":[141],"bias":[142],"(ISB)":[143],"estimates":[144],"by":[145,176,185],"considering":[146],"difference":[148],"in":[149],"clock":[152],"datums":[153],"between":[154],"two":[155],"adjacent":[156],"days.":[157],"After":[158],"applying":[159],"priori":[161],"ISB":[162],"constraints,":[163],"can":[173,182],"be":[174,183],"improved":[175,184],"37.9\u201351.6%,":[177],"14.8\u201321.6%,":[186],"5.3\u20137.6%":[187],"20.0\u201329.6%":[189],"three":[192],"times,":[194],"respectively.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2023-06-25T00:00:00"}