{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4376139163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102512","title":"Improvement and Assessment of Gaofen-3 Spotlight Mode 3-D Localization Accuracy","display_name":"Improvement and Assessment of Gaofen-3 Spotlight Mode 3-D Localization Accuracy","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4376139163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102512"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15102512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2512/pdf?version=1684312216","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2512/pdf?version=1684312216","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012264697","display_name":"Nuo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-8791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4610292","display_name":"Xiangtan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xsfaz62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Electronic Information, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Electronic Information, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102022238","display_name":"Mingjun Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8562-0556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4610292","display_name":"Xiangtan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xsfaz62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingjun Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Centre for Applied Mathematics in Hunan, Xiangtan 411105, China","School of Automation and Electronic Information, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Applied Mathematics in Hunan, Xiangtan 411105, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Electronic Information, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100401454","display_name":"Di Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9219-0344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4610292","display_name":"Xiangtan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xsfaz62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Electronic Information, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Electronic Information, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067621240","display_name":"Zhengpeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8388-6289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4610292","display_name":"Xiangtan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xsfaz62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengpeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Electronic Information, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Electronic Information, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024865406","display_name":"Yin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-152X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4610292","display_name":"Xiangtan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xsfaz62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Centre for Applied Mathematics in Hunan, Xiangtan 411105, China","School of Mathematics and Computational Science, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Applied Mathematics in Hunan, Xiangtan 411105, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computational Science, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102022238"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4610292"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01936961,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"10","first_page":"2512","last_page":"2512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12983","display_name":"Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5539952516555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4946257770061493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.4462845027446747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4450506567955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.42609840631484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.42423075437545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.34226319193840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.28984907269477844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.16259196400642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13151651620864868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.08095449209213257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5539952516555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4946257770061493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4462845027446747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.4450506567955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.42609840631484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.42423075437545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.34226319193840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28984907269477844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16259196400642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13151651620864868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.08095449209213257}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15102512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2512/pdf?version=1684312216","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:45e8a42cfa7f4a1cac777a2ce0f59f80","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/45e8a42cfa7f4a1cac777a2ce0f59f80","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 10, p 2512 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/10/2512/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15102512","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 10; Pages: 2512","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15102512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2512/pdf?version=1684312216","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4376139163.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29908187","https://openalex.org/W2006803898","https://openalex.org/W2012168814","https://openalex.org/W2035421264","https://openalex.org/W2098852605","https://openalex.org/W2102511883","https://openalex.org/W2114147519","https://openalex.org/W2127623318","https://openalex.org/W2131579485","https://openalex.org/W2151358505","https://openalex.org/W2169095385","https://openalex.org/W2171009093","https://openalex.org/W2347169061","https://openalex.org/W2357712538","https://openalex.org/W2377061888","https://openalex.org/W2800701231","https://openalex.org/W2885429437","https://openalex.org/W2953043033","https://openalex.org/W6639686669","https://openalex.org/W7033981274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2274139355","https://openalex.org/W2381265245","https://openalex.org/W3148155918","https://openalex.org/W2387688233","https://openalex.org/W2462682329","https://openalex.org/W2106873183","https://openalex.org/W2805068226","https://openalex.org/W1039838891","https://openalex.org/W2021481273","https://openalex.org/W4252699458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,129,142,210],"spotlight":[1,36,54,162],"image":[2],"acquired":[3,62],"by":[4,204],"the":[5,29,52,58,66,76,90,101,112,122,183,188,196,205,223],"Gaofen-3":[6,35,161],"satellite":[7],"has":[8,15],"a":[9],"resolution":[10],"of":[11,34,57,68,166,199,207,213,226],"1":[12],"m,":[13],"which":[14,135],"great":[16],"potential":[17],"for":[18,86,218,231],"3-D":[19,30,88,123,184],"localization.":[20],"However,":[21],"there":[22],"have":[23],"been":[24],"no":[25,69],"public":[26],"reports":[27],"on":[28,75],"localization":[31,124,185],"accuracy":[32,92,103,125,131,144,172,190,201,215,228],"evaluation":[33],"synthetic":[37],"aperture":[38],"radar":[39],"(SAR)":[40],"images.":[41],"Here,":[42],"three":[43],"study":[44,59],"areas":[45],"were":[46,61,84],"selected":[47],"from":[48],"this":[49],"perspective,":[50],"and":[51,100,121,148,169,187,222],"SAR":[53],"stereo":[55,163],"images":[56,83,164],"area":[60],"using":[63,117],"Gaofen-3.":[64],"In":[65],"case":[67],"ground":[70],"control":[71],"points":[72],"(GCPs),":[73],"based":[74],"Rational":[77],"Polynomial":[78],"Coefficient":[79],"(RPC)":[80],"model,":[81],"these":[82],"used":[85],"initial":[87],"localization;":[89],"plane":[91,171,200,214,227],"was":[93,104,115,126,132,136,145,150],"better":[94,138,152],"than":[95,106,139,153],"10":[96],"m":[97,108],"in":[98,109],"general,":[99],"elevation":[102,130,189],"worse":[105],"37":[107],"general.":[110],"Subsequently,":[111],"RPC":[113],"model":[114],"optimized":[116],"geometric":[118],"calibration":[119,180],"technology,":[120],"assessed":[127],"again.":[128],"significantly":[133],"improved,":[134,147],"generally":[137,151],"5":[140],"m.":[141,155],"plan":[143],"also":[146],"it":[149],"6":[154],"It":[156],"can":[157,173],"be":[158,174],"seen":[159],"that":[160],"are":[165],"good":[167],"quality,":[168],"high":[170],"obtained":[175],"even":[176],"without":[177],"GCPs.":[178],"Geometric":[179],"technology":[181],"improves":[182],"accuracy,":[186],"optimization":[191,197,211,224],"effect":[192,198,212,225],"is":[193,202,216,229],"remarkable.":[194],"Moreover,":[195],"affected":[203],"properties":[206],"stereo-image":[208,220,233],"pairs.":[209,234],"obvious":[217],"asymmetric":[219],"pairs,":[221],"general":[230],"symmetric":[232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-23T23:20:30.427331","created_date":"2023-05-12T00:00:00"}
