{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367599058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092365","title":"An Accurate Forest Fire Recognition Method Based on Improved BPNN and IoT","display_name":"An Accurate Forest Fire Recognition Method Based on Improved BPNN and IoT","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367599058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092365"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15092365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092365","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/9/2365/pdf?version=1682770035","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/9/2365/pdf?version=1682770035","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064935466","display_name":"Shaoxiong Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122543","display_name":"Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pcb5m77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoxiong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510520, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510520, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073018274","display_name":"Peng Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0848-9814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101479585","display_name":"South China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9jqt67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009409202","display_name":"Yufei Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140506","display_name":"Guangdong Academy of Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/04vtbxw76","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140506"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Academy of Forestry Sciences, Guangzhou 510520, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Academy of Forestry Sciences, Guangzhou 510520, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004461836","display_name":"Zepeng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6904-9465"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140506","display_name":"Guangdong Academy of Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/04vtbxw76","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140506"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zepeng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Academy of Forestry Sciences, Guangzhou 510520, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Academy of Forestry Sciences, Guangzhou 510520, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055477359","display_name":"Liangxiang Wan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122543","display_name":"Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pcb5m77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liangxiang Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510520, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510520, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050085003","display_name":"Fei Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4346-9477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122543","display_name":"Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pcb5m77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510520, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510520, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083981758","display_name":"Weixing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7044-2275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101479585","display_name":"South China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v9jqt67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weixing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhujiang College, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhujiang College, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101479585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086900490","display_name":"Xiangjun Zou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105878","display_name":"South China Robotics Innovative Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/017veh155","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105878"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangjun Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foshan-Zhongke Innovation Research Institute of Intelligent Agriculture and Robotics, Foshan 52800, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foshan-Zhongke Innovation Research Institute of Intelligent Agriculture and Robotics, Foshan 52800, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105878"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100731246","display_name":"Shihong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4035-0909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122543","display_name":"Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pcb5m77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shihong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510520, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510520, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100731246"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.498,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92363143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"9","first_page":"2365","last_page":"2365"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9641000032424927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6330181956291199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.544191837310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5008249282836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warning-system","display_name":"Warning system","score":0.47260338068008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-prevention","display_name":"Fire prevention","score":0.4625263810157776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.45030319690704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4348596930503845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.43097931146621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4171476662158966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1262500286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09934252500534058}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6330181956291199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.544191837310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5008249282836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29825287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427940","display_name":"Warning system","level":2,"score":0.47260338068008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777498119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451640","display_name":"Fire prevention","level":2,"score":0.4625263810157776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.45030319690704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4348596930503845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.43097931146621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4171476662158966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1262500286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09934252500534058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15092365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092365","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/9/2365/pdf?version=1682770035","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b06124e555934a139ae3e8ef9407bfba","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b06124e555934a139ae3e8ef9407bfba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 9, p 2365 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/9/2365/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15092365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 9; Pages: 2365","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15092365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092365","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/9/2365/pdf?version=1682770035","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7138840092","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022A1515140013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8919580581","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022A1515140162","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367599058.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021609373","https://openalex.org/W2127839760","https://openalex.org/W2155146445","https://openalex.org/W2800078340","https://openalex.org/W2901184246","https://openalex.org/W2920455132","https://openalex.org/W2951170807","https://openalex.org/W2969769719","https://openalex.org/W2990999233","https://openalex.org/W3020703583","https://openalex.org/W3035981201","https://openalex.org/W3036911358","https://openalex.org/W3047757731","https://openalex.org/W3081553475","https://openalex.org/W3092365004","https://openalex.org/W3095070079","https://openalex.org/W3100733145","https://openalex.org/W3157098829","https://openalex.org/W3177272898","https://openalex.org/W3183767907","https://openalex.org/W3184198980","https://openalex.org/W3191670332","https://openalex.org/W3192884437","https://openalex.org/W3202052345","https://openalex.org/W3206006143","https://openalex.org/W3206280020","https://openalex.org/W3208697304","https://openalex.org/W4225396518","https://openalex.org/W4289866069","https://openalex.org/W4290466238","https://openalex.org/W4293581688","https://openalex.org/W4307957701","https://openalex.org/W4313404424","https://openalex.org/W4318777648","https://openalex.org/W4322492742","https://openalex.org/W4353029161","https://openalex.org/W6794569138","https://openalex.org/W6851696894","https://openalex.org/W7051891695"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386259002","https://openalex.org/W1546989560","https://openalex.org/W3193043704","https://openalex.org/W3171520305","https://openalex.org/W1924178503","https://openalex.org/W4308716060","https://openalex.org/W4280648719","https://openalex.org/W4372048956","https://openalex.org/W4206989953","https://openalex.org/W2978632627"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Monitoring":[0],"and":[1,23,38,45,87,90,103,112,136,162,177,197],"early":[2,11],"warning":[3],"technology":[4],"for":[5,14,120,165],"forest":[6,15,60,100,141,170,187],"fires":[7,16],"is":[8],"crucial.":[9],"An":[10],"warning/monitoring":[12],"system":[13],"was":[17,31,179,191],"constructed":[18],"based":[19,65],"on":[20,66,128],"deep":[21],"learning":[22],"the":[24,35,42,54,83,104,160,186],"internet":[25],"of":[26,41,169,185],"things.":[27],"Forest":[28,123,195,201],"fire":[29,61,79,101,124,142,188],"recognition":[30,143],"improved":[32,68],"by":[33,57],"combining":[34],"size,":[36],"color,":[37],"shape":[39],"characteristics":[40],"flame,":[43],"smoke,":[44],"area.":[46],"Complex":[47],"upper-layer":[48],"fire-image":[49],"features":[50],"were":[51,92,117,126,134],"extracted,":[52],"improving":[53],"input":[55],"conversion":[56],"building":[58],"a":[59,129,145],"risk":[62],"prediction":[63],"model":[64,98],"an":[67],"dynamic":[69],"convolutional":[70],"neural":[71,77],"network.":[72],"The":[73,97,155,181],"proposed":[74],"back":[75],"propagation":[76],"network":[78,190],"(BPNNFire)":[80],"algorithm":[81],"calculated":[82],"image":[84],"processing":[85],"speed":[86],"delay":[88],"rate,":[89],"data":[91],"preprocessed":[93],"to":[94,108],"remove":[95],"noise.":[96],"recognized":[99],"images,":[102],"classifier":[105],"classified":[106,118],"them":[107],"distinguish":[109],"images":[110,116,125],"with":[111,149],"without":[113],"fire.":[114],"Fire":[115],"locally":[119],"feature":[121],"extraction.":[122],"stored":[127],"remote":[130],"server.":[131],"Existing":[132],"algorithms":[133],"compared,":[135],"BPNNFire":[137],"provided":[138],"real-time":[139,166],"accurate":[140],"at":[144,193,199],"low":[146],"frame":[147],"rate":[148,184],"84.37%":[150],"accuracy,":[151],"indicating":[152],"superior":[153],"recognition.":[154],"maximum":[156],"relative":[157],"error":[158],"between":[159],"measured":[161],"actual":[163],"values":[164],"online":[167],"monitoring":[168,189],"environment":[171],"indicators,":[172],"such":[173],"as":[174],"air":[175],"temperature":[176],"humidity,":[178],"5.75%.":[180],"packet":[182],"loss":[183],"5.99%":[192],"Longshan":[194],"Farm":[196],"2.22%":[198],"Longyandong":[200],"Farm.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-14T08:43:22.919905","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}