{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367317860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092307","title":"A Double-Adaptive Adjustment Algorithm for Ionospheric Tomography","display_name":"A Double-Adaptive Adjustment Algorithm for Ionospheric Tomography","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367317860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092307"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15092307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092307","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/9/2307/pdf?version=1682591043","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/9/2307/pdf?version=1682591043","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100723775","display_name":"Debao Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1529-9749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Debao Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033747630","display_name":"Yinghao Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinghao Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100329954","display_name":"Xi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5435-925X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024693579","display_name":"Yucong Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-6611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yucong Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100723775"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8814,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.734596,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"9","first_page":"2307","last_page":"2307"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12424","display_name":"Earthquake Detection and Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebraic-reconstruction-technique","display_name":"Algebraic Reconstruction Technique","score":0.6390432119369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.634373664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5736067891120911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.5063632726669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.3769691288471222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.32508814334869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2722351849079132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.168020099401474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11443045735359192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.09729644656181335}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206654267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4723986","display_name":"Algebraic Reconstruction Technique","level":3,"score":0.6390432119369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.634373664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5736067891120911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.5063632726669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.3769691288471222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.32508814334869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2722351849079132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.168020099401474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11443045735359192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.09729644656181335}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15092307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092307","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/9/2307/pdf?version=1682591043","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bcdddd447c9f40f990c0c65d1cb89168","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bcdddd447c9f40f990c0c65d1cb89168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 9, p 2307 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/9/2307/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15092307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 9; Pages: 2307","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15092307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092307","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/9/2307/pdf?version=1682591043","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1477544716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Guangdong","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1709975844","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022A1515011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G28709350","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022A1515011039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4488680036","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022A15","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4878040947","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42070430","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6258415954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Chinese","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8999037349","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51501103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336672","display_name":"Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/030vmwa78"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367317860.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599410111","https://openalex.org/W1931384707","https://openalex.org/W1955248895","https://openalex.org/W1978512366","https://openalex.org/W1983388630","https://openalex.org/W2029411841","https://openalex.org/W2045601207","https://openalex.org/W2066196975","https://openalex.org/W2067552149","https://openalex.org/W2072347709","https://openalex.org/W2076569424","https://openalex.org/W2080795142","https://openalex.org/W2095566531","https://openalex.org/W2118610328","https://openalex.org/W2153568285","https://openalex.org/W2209628630","https://openalex.org/W2278016148","https://openalex.org/W2463759055","https://openalex.org/W2601862135","https://openalex.org/W2807667066","https://openalex.org/W2957162079","https://openalex.org/W2990079342","https://openalex.org/W3145896705","https://openalex.org/W6719235280"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2383807498","https://openalex.org/W1978572805","https://openalex.org/W1997992934","https://openalex.org/W1987225439","https://openalex.org/W4238188170","https://openalex.org/W2125114371","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2021846689","https://openalex.org/W2166913887"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"double-adaptive":[1],"adjustment":[2],"algorithm":[3,139],"(DAAA)":[4],"is":[5,29,140],"proposed":[6],"to":[7,142],"reconstruct":[8,143],"three-dimensional":[9,145],"ionospheric":[10,127,190],"electron":[11,179],"density":[12],"(IED)":[13],"distribution.":[14],"In":[15,67],"the":[16,19,23,40,50,60,69,72,78,83,88,93,96,100,122,133,137,144,148,158,162,172,175,183,189,209,214],"DAAA":[17,134,163,184,215],"method,":[18],"relaxation":[20],"factor":[21],"of":[22,71,87,99,126,147,161,182,192,213],"multiplicative":[24,62],"algebraic":[25,63],"reconstruction":[26,64],"technique":[27,65],"(MART)":[28],"first":[30],"adaptively":[31],"adjusted":[32],"by":[33,132],"introducing":[34],"adaptive":[35,61,97],"MART":[36],"(AMART).":[37,66],"To":[38,91],"avoid":[39],"voxels":[41],"without":[42],"any":[43],"rays":[44],"traversing":[45],"them":[46],"becoming":[47],"dependent":[48],"on":[49,59],"initial":[51],"IED":[52,89],"values,":[53],"smoothing":[54,73],"constraints":[55],"are":[56,75,104,165],"generally":[57],"imposed":[58],"general,":[68],"elements":[70,103],"matrices":[74],"invariant":[76],"in":[77,166,197],"iterative":[79],"process.":[80],"They":[81],"affect":[82],"accuracy":[84,123],"and":[85,111,124,174,203,211],"efficiency":[86,125],"inversion.":[90],"overcome":[92],"above":[94],"limitation,":[95],"adjustments":[98],"constrained":[101],"matrix":[102],"subsequently":[105],"carried":[106],"out.":[107],"Both":[108],"numerical":[109],"simulation":[110],"actual":[112],"global":[113],"navigation":[114],"satellite":[115],"system":[116],"(GNSS)":[117],"experimental":[118],"results":[119],"validate":[120],"that":[121,157],"tomography":[128],"have":[129],"been":[130],"improved":[131],"method.":[135,216],"Finally,":[136],"new":[138],"applied":[141],"structure":[146],"ionosphere":[149],"during":[150,200],"different":[151],"geomagnetic":[152,201,204],"activities.":[153],"The":[154,206],"comparisons":[155,207],"show":[156],"vertical":[159,177],"profiles":[160],"method":[164,185],"agreement":[167],"with":[168,188],"those":[169],"recorded":[170],"from":[171],"ionosonde,":[173],"inverted":[176],"total":[178],"content":[180],"(VTEC)":[181],"also":[186],"agrees":[187],"products":[191],"center":[193],"for":[194],"orbit":[195],"determination":[196],"Europe":[198],"(CODE)":[199],"quiet":[202],"storms.":[205],"confirm":[208],"reliability":[210],"superiority":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2023-04-29T00:00:00"}
