{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4365455300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15082041","title":"HAFNet: Hierarchical Attentive Fusion Network for Multispectral Pedestrian Detection","display_name":"HAFNet: Hierarchical Attentive Fusion Network for Multispectral Pedestrian Detection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4365455300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15082041"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15082041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15082041","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/8/2041/pdf?version=1681354185","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/8/2041/pdf?version=1681354185","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090945760","display_name":"Peiran Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2552-0902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peiran Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019242095","display_name":"Tingfa Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5452-2662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingfa Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401135, China","Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Imaging Technology and System, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100081, China","The School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401135, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Imaging Technology and System, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062250669","display_name":"Bo Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6734-5247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448292","display_name":"Jianan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6936-9485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401135, China","Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Imaging Technology and System, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401135, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Imaging Technology and System, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100448292"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I1327237609"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.7286,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86496375,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"8","first_page":"2041","last_page":"2041"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-detection","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","score":0.8352553248405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8128945827484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.7920467257499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6782986521720886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.6227864623069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5686624050140381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.5209280848503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45095789432525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.44812482595443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4397938847541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4212642014026642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4167672097682953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.4124363362789154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.3388439416885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.05574345588684082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780156472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2355550","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","level":3,"score":0.8352553248405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8128945827484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.7920467257499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6782986521720886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.6227864623069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5686624050140381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.5209280848503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45095789432525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44812482595443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4397938847541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4212642014026642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4167672097682953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.4124363362789154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.3388439416885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.05574345588684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15082041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15082041","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/8/2041/pdf?version=1681354185","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d07730bc3a0448b489255a0b6120af76","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d07730bc3a0448b489255a0b6120af76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 8, p 2041 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/8/2041/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15082041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 8; Pages: 2041","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15082041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15082041","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/8/2041/pdf?version=1681354185","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4365455300.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533861849","https://openalex.org/W1910108985","https://openalex.org/W2125556102","https://openalex.org/W2415234561","https://openalex.org/W2465597433","https://openalex.org/W2532801510","https://openalex.org/W2608096492","https://openalex.org/W2741620214","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2787237028","https://openalex.org/W2792925809","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2902314041","https://openalex.org/W2929607865","https://openalex.org/W2963087201","https://openalex.org/W2963091558","https://openalex.org/W2963188557","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963579094","https://openalex.org/W2964027659","https://openalex.org/W2981132188","https://openalex.org/W3036931590","https://openalex.org/W3047246571","https://openalex.org/W3110440461","https://openalex.org/W3116967329","https://openalex.org/W3158128549","https://openalex.org/W3186570689","https://openalex.org/W3195903836","https://openalex.org/W4200632941","https://openalex.org/W4224315825","https://openalex.org/W4317738525","https://openalex.org/W6687483927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W73545470","https://openalex.org/W3132270449","https://openalex.org/W4377289091","https://openalex.org/W2972620127","https://openalex.org/W4224266612","https://openalex.org/W3013647784","https://openalex.org/W2383394264","https://openalex.org/W2997281059","https://openalex.org/W4320153225","https://openalex.org/W2981141433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multispectral":[0],"pedestrian":[1,27,108],"detection":[2,28,78,109],"via":[3,53],"visible":[4,49],"and":[5,32,50,88,146,167],"thermal":[6,51],"image":[7],"pairs":[8],"has":[9],"received":[10],"widespread":[11],"attention":[12,104],"in":[13,29,110],"recent":[14],"years.":[15],"It":[16],"provides":[17],"a":[18,54,86,117,129,147],"promising":[19],"multi-modality":[20,149],"solution":[21],"to":[22,62,67,76,106,124,131,138,154],"address":[23],"the":[24,40,43,48,68,102,111,140,143,156,164,171],"challenges":[25],"of":[26,42,70,135,142,159,174],"low-light":[30],"environments":[31],"occlusion":[33],"situations.":[34],"Most":[35],"existing":[36],"methods":[37],"directly":[38],"blend":[39],"results":[41],"two":[44,136,160],"modalities":[45,137],"or":[46],"combine":[47],"features":[52,65,127,134],"linear":[55],"interpolation.":[56],"However,":[57],"such":[58],"fusion":[59,91],"strategies":[60],"tend":[61],"extract":[63,125],"coarser":[64],"corresponding":[66],"positions":[69],"different":[71],"modalities,":[72],"which":[73,99],"may":[74],"lead":[75],"degraded":[77],"performance.":[79],"To":[80],"mitigate":[81],"this,":[82],"this":[83],"paper":[84],"proposes":[85],"novel":[87],"adaptive":[89],"cross-modality":[90],"framework,":[92],"named":[93],"Hierarchical":[94,118],"Attentive":[95,120],"Fusion":[96,121],"Network":[97],"(HAFNet),":[98],"fully":[100],"exploits":[101],"multispectral":[103],"knowledge":[105],"inspire":[107],"decision-making":[112],"process.":[113],"Concretely,":[114],"we":[115],"introduce":[116],"Content-dependent":[119],"(HCAF)":[122],"module":[123],"top-level":[126],"as":[128],"guide":[130],"pixel-wise":[132],"blending":[133],"enhance":[139],"quality":[141],"feature":[144,150,157],"representation":[145],"plug-in":[148],"alignment":[151,158],"(MFA)":[152],"block":[153],"fine-tune":[155],"modalities.":[161],"Experiments":[162],"on":[163],"challenging":[165],"KAIST":[166],"CVC-14":[168],"datasets":[169],"demonstrate":[170],"superior":[172],"performance":[173],"our":[175],"method":[176],"with":[177],"satisfactory":[178],"speed.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-01-22T23:29:09.771500","created_date":"2023-04-15T00:00:00"}
