{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323665439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061504","title":"Integration of Distributed Dense Polish GNSS Data for Monitoring the Low Deformation Rates of Earth\u2019s Crust","display_name":"Integration of Distributed Dense Polish GNSS Data for Monitoring the Low Deformation Rates of Earth\u2019s Crust","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323665439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15061504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061504","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1504/pdf?version=1678290168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1504/pdf?version=1678290168","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023153491","display_name":"Andrzej Araszkiewicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1639-4337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800249161","display_name":"Military University of Technology in Warsaw","ror":"https://ror.org/05fct5h31","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrzej Araszkiewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, gen. S. Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, gen. S. Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023153491"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.3898,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76558004,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"6","first_page":"1504","last_page":"1504"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10110","display_name":"earthquake and tectonic studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10110","display_name":"earthquake and tectonic studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.8572741746902466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.7956349849700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crust","display_name":"Crust","score":0.7628887891769409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.7356352806091309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.6467541456222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","score":0.6218829154968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strain-rate","display_name":"Strain rate","score":0.4918205738067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.44730234146118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.22073853015899658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.10520514845848083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10483574867248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08983099460601807}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.8572741746902466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.7956349849700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776698055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4232578","display_name":"Crust","level":2,"score":0.7628887891769409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.7356352806091309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.6467541456222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.6218829154968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149342994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3181055","display_name":"Strain rate","level":2,"score":0.4918205738067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.44730234146118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.22073853015899658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10520514845848083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10483574867248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08983099460601807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15061504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061504","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1504/pdf?version=1678290168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:22a9ad7bf3e44203bf9c7d2e6600c16b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/22a9ad7bf3e44203bf9c7d2e6600c16b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 6, p 1504 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/6/1504/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15061504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 6; Pages: 1504","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15061504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061504","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1504/pdf?version=1678290168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G879636756","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UGB/22-785/2023/WAT","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323668","funder_display_name":"Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G966227865","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"240/2021/Wn-07/FG-go-dn/D","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323668","funder_display_name":"Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323668","display_name":"Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna","ror":"https://ror.org/05fct5h31"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323665439.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63615543","https://openalex.org/W147338664","https://openalex.org/W966330826","https://openalex.org/W1534400030","https://openalex.org/W1930420631","https://openalex.org/W1981165981","https://openalex.org/W1989853610","https://openalex.org/W1998952426","https://openalex.org/W2002230481","https://openalex.org/W2007056155","https://openalex.org/W2017104286","https://openalex.org/W2032989860","https://openalex.org/W2035579196","https://openalex.org/W2069281751","https://openalex.org/W2069921444","https://openalex.org/W2070415898","https://openalex.org/W2076430169","https://openalex.org/W2088528510","https://openalex.org/W2100678637","https://openalex.org/W2102456436","https://openalex.org/W2112583448","https://openalex.org/W2118941360","https://openalex.org/W2132394073","https://openalex.org/W2137209222","https://openalex.org/W2142973469","https://openalex.org/W2165786512","https://openalex.org/W2181111258","https://openalex.org/W2181888365","https://openalex.org/W2315882309","https://openalex.org/W2476118184","https://openalex.org/W2492450223","https://openalex.org/W2514152320","https://openalex.org/W2522393520","https://openalex.org/W2577800320","https://openalex.org/W2741010725","https://openalex.org/W2762908072","https://openalex.org/W2886550930","https://openalex.org/W2890373218","https://openalex.org/W2893726365","https://openalex.org/W2911536196","https://openalex.org/W2964353537","https://openalex.org/W2966249666","https://openalex.org/W2972175553","https://openalex.org/W2982785158","https://openalex.org/W2987169499","https://openalex.org/W2991248533","https://openalex.org/W2999619868","https://openalex.org/W3009359606","https://openalex.org/W3024719505","https://openalex.org/W3025921677","https://openalex.org/W3041785547","https://openalex.org/W3042745485","https://openalex.org/W3114924670","https://openalex.org/W3118136973","https://openalex.org/W3136078215","https://openalex.org/W3177663891","https://openalex.org/W3188575589","https://openalex.org/W3208152140","https://openalex.org/W4214823814","https://openalex.org/W4220929009","https://openalex.org/W4223448542","https://openalex.org/W4225137160","https://openalex.org/W4229038361","https://openalex.org/W4280629291","https://openalex.org/W4281643330","https://openalex.org/W4285396498","https://openalex.org/W4289544864","https://openalex.org/W4296126441","https://openalex.org/W4296525171","https://openalex.org/W4297175476","https://openalex.org/W6602546351","https://openalex.org/W6625399790","https://openalex.org/W6654662036","https://openalex.org/W6667974107","https://openalex.org/W6685629930","https://openalex.org/W6732719795","https://openalex.org/W6742029771","https://openalex.org/W6742904568","https://openalex.org/W6777089527","https://openalex.org/W6810267270"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386936491","https://openalex.org/W3110195467","https://openalex.org/W3033823235","https://openalex.org/W2881093137","https://openalex.org/W4386787199","https://openalex.org/W4384916587","https://openalex.org/W3185758418","https://openalex.org/W2387664071","https://openalex.org/W2363502763","https://openalex.org/W2359240102"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,49,79,137,185],"research":[1],"concerns":[2],"the":[3,41,56,85,119,126,150,153,161,169,180],"possibility":[4],"of":[5,24,55,70,128,152,160,182],"monitoring":[6],"low":[7],"deformation":[8,54],"rates":[9,167,194],"in":[10,21,27,40,168,189],"tectonically":[11,190],"stable":[12,191],"regions":[13],"using":[14,88],"GPS/GNSS":[15],"observations.":[16],"The":[17,59,104],"study":[18],"was":[19,106,122],"conducted":[20],"an":[22],"area":[23],"Poland":[25,147],"located":[26],"Central":[28],"and":[29,117,148],"Eastern":[30],"Europe,":[31],"where":[32],"horizontal":[33],"stress":[34,50],"resulting":[35],"from":[36,98],"plate":[37],"boundary":[38],"forces":[39],"N\u2013S":[42],"or":[43],"NNE\u2013SSW":[44],"direction":[45,171],"has":[46],"been":[47],"observed.":[48],"can":[51,195],"translate":[52],"into":[53],"Earth\u2019s":[57],"surface.":[58],"problem,":[60],"however,":[61],"is":[62,80,177],"that":[63,187],"it":[64,121],"corresponds":[65],"to":[66,124],"strain":[67,143,193],"rate":[68,144],"magnitudes":[69],"much":[71,82],"lower":[72],"than":[73,84],"10":[74],"\u00d7":[75,204],"10\u22129":[76,199],"per":[77,200],"year.":[78],"not":[81],"higher":[83],"figure":[86],"determined":[87],"current":[89],"GNSS":[90,100,142],"observation":[91],"capabilities.":[92],"In":[93],"this":[94,175],"study,":[95],"long-term":[96],"observations":[97],"several":[99],"networks":[101],"were":[102],"used.":[103],"result":[105,176],"a":[107,132,140],"very":[108],"dense":[109],"but":[110],"irregular":[111],"velocity":[112,135],"field.":[113,136],"By":[114],"carefully":[115],"analyzing":[116],"filtering":[118,162],"data,":[120],"possible":[123],"eliminate":[125],"impact":[127],"various":[129],"errors,":[130],"creating":[131],"more":[133],"consistent":[134,178],"article":[138],"presents":[139],"final":[141],"model":[145],"for":[146],"determines":[149],"impacts":[151],"analysis":[154],"methods":[155],"on":[156],"its":[157],"variation.":[158],"Regardless":[159],"method":[163],"adopted,":[164],"dominant":[165],"compression":[166],"N-S":[170],"are":[172],"evident.":[173],"Moreover,":[174],"despite":[179],"use":[181],"varying":[183],"velocity.":[184],"shows":[186],"even":[188],"regions,":[192],"be":[196],"monitored":[197],"at":[198],"year":[201],"(below":[202],"3":[203],"10\u22129/year).":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2023-03-10T00:00:00"}
