{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323566618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061484","title":"Assessing Impacts of Flood and Drought over the Punjab Region of Pakistan Using Multi-Satellite Data Products","display_name":"Assessing Impacts of Flood and Drought over the Punjab Region of Pakistan Using Multi-Satellite Data Products","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323566618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061484"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15061484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061484","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1484/pdf?version=1678189268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1484/pdf?version=1678189268","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075918317","display_name":"Rahat Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-2184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128284","display_name":"Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02bn68w95","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128284"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahat Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Optics and Electronics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","Jiangsu International Joint Laboratory on Meteorological Photonics and Optoelectronic Detection, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Optics and Electronics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125","https://openalex.org/I4210128284"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu International Joint Laboratory on Meteorological Photonics and Optoelectronic Detection, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072240269","display_name":"Jahangir Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-8397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202376891","display_name":"Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04dx2y384","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202376891"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jahangir Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan","Key Lab of Remote Sensing for Agri-Hazards, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Information & Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202376891"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Remote Sensing for Agri-Hazards, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Information & Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066604326","display_name":"Irfan Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-7485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irfan Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071662846","display_name":"Faheem Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-0225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Faheem Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042142508","display_name":"Youngmoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6393-2994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Youngmoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Robotics, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Robotics, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042142508","https://openalex.org/A5071662846"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649","https://openalex.org/I4575257"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.5038,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9297465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"6","first_page":"1484","last_page":"1484"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7457489967346191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flood-myth","display_name":"Flood myth","score":0.7085791826248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","score":0.6212214231491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash-flood","display_name":"Flash flood","score":0.5813188552856445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.569513201713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.4803225100040436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flooding","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","score":0.46722421050071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.4657476842403412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4580797553062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","score":0.4401096999645233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.43446293473243713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"Climate change","score":0.3121355175971985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.20600351691246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.20496344566345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.08754852414131165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7457489967346191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74256435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134052","display_name":"Flood myth","level":2,"score":0.7085791826248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.6212214231491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120417685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860333","display_name":"Flash flood","level":3,"score":0.5813188552856445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.569513201713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4803225100040436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186594467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429176","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46722421050071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.4657476842403412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4580797553062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.4401096999645233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.43446293473243713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.3121355175971985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.20600351691246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.20496344566345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.08754852414131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15061484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061484","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1484/pdf?version=1678189268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b024f7d9e81b4bf2a4187f6c76e2d1fe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b024f7d9e81b4bf2a4187f6c76e2d1fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 6, p 1484 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/6/1484/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15061484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 6; Pages: 1484","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15061484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061484","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1484/pdf?version=1678189268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5752459039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2022-2020-0-101741","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6260585023","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2022-00155885","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7985960227","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022R1G1A1003531","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323566618.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1865770566","https://openalex.org/W1964386488","https://openalex.org/W1974517635","https://openalex.org/W1982017292","https://openalex.org/W1982213850","https://openalex.org/W1989279348","https://openalex.org/W1997696928","https://openalex.org/W2007418489","https://openalex.org/W2023495106","https://openalex.org/W2025305089","https://openalex.org/W2026694046","https://openalex.org/W2029291795","https://openalex.org/W2032013744","https://openalex.org/W2035961696","https://openalex.org/W2048797781","https://openalex.org/W2082819436","https://openalex.org/W2086909858","https://openalex.org/W2090904410","https://openalex.org/W2092803337","https://openalex.org/W2095055020","https://openalex.org/W2108452937","https://openalex.org/W2119513445","https://openalex.org/W2122849033","https://openalex.org/W2153179024","https://openalex.org/W2154858298","https://openalex.org/W2155563223","https://openalex.org/W2165301409","https://openalex.org/W2166884697","https://openalex.org/W2169245074","https://openalex.org/W2171932819","https://openalex.org/W2179472678","https://openalex.org/W2330485814","https://openalex.org/W2462646881","https://openalex.org/W2512103537","https://openalex.org/W2584693984","https://openalex.org/W2763336038","https://openalex.org/W2897113298","https://openalex.org/W2910535189","https://openalex.org/W2966328824","https://openalex.org/W2970579680","https://openalex.org/W3005051560","https://openalex.org/W3095401749","https://openalex.org/W3129458891","https://openalex.org/W3131360170","https://openalex.org/W3132624777","https://openalex.org/W3134218058","https://openalex.org/W3165424474","https://openalex.org/W3169925973","https://openalex.org/W3174670182","https://openalex.org/W3175857075","https://openalex.org/W3189520406","https://openalex.org/W3193418638","https://openalex.org/W3193551670","https://openalex.org/W3206657873","https://openalex.org/W3215831733","https://openalex.org/W4200130918","https://openalex.org/W4200208173","https://openalex.org/W4210293988","https://openalex.org/W4220714727","https://openalex.org/W4224279530","https://openalex.org/W4226128649","https://openalex.org/W4283814164","https://openalex.org/W4285395246","https://openalex.org/W4293298379","https://openalex.org/W4300863529","https://openalex.org/W6676473774","https://openalex.org/W6702367471"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4243891849","https://openalex.org/W2906253252","https://openalex.org/W3207046288","https://openalex.org/W3023446922","https://openalex.org/W4324030030","https://openalex.org/W3183766399","https://openalex.org/W4381826918","https://openalex.org/W4398198197","https://openalex.org/W2736619525","https://openalex.org/W4315556876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,20,143],"Punjab":[1,65,392],"region":[2,63,285],"of":[3,64,110,135,185,307,346,352,361,391],"Pakistan":[4],"faced":[5],"significant":[6],"losses":[7],"from":[8,35],"flash":[9],"flooding":[10],"in":[11,61,107,159,167,220,259,315,388],"2010":[12,127,162,212,288,381],"and":[13,26,42,72,94,103,147,156,163,219,233,251,277,291,299,311,320,331,355,386],"experienced":[14],"a":[15,193,224,237],"multiyear":[16],"drought":[17,25,71,83,136,155,165,250],"during":[18,66,138,171,210,244,286,358],"1998\u20132002.":[19],"current":[21],"study":[22,284],"illustrates":[23],"the":[24,30,36,51,62,70,77,88,101,108,116,120,126,131,154,160,164,168,172,181,186,190,197,211,215,229,249,256,260,267,275,283,287,293,304,308,326,336,344,349,359,365,373,380,389],"flood":[27,73,128,157,213,230,252,289,327,332,337,347,353],"conditions":[28,137,158,166,254,322],"using":[29,119],"multi-satellite":[31],"data":[32,122,149,279],"products":[33,280],"derived":[34],"Moderate":[37],"Resolution":[38],"Imaging":[39],"Spectroradiometer":[40],"(MODIS)":[41],"Tropical":[43],"Rainfall":[44],"Measuring":[45],"Mission":[46],"(TRMM)":[47],"as":[48,50,113,115,323,325],"well":[49,114,324],"TRMM":[52,276],"Multi-satellite":[53],"Precipitation":[54],"Analysis":[55],"(TMPA)":[56],"satellites":[57,313],"with":[58,87,196,318,339,343,348],"high-quality":[59],"resolution":[60],"2010\u20132014.":[67,262],"To":[68],"determine":[69],"events,":[74],"we":[75],"used":[76],"Vegetation":[78,91],"Temperature":[79,97],"Condition":[80],"Index":[81,92],"(VTCI)":[82],"monitoring":[84],"approach":[85],"combined":[86],"Normalized":[89],"Difference":[90],"(NDVI)":[93],"Land":[95],"Surface":[96],"(LST)":[98],"to":[99,152,265,281],"identify":[100],"warm":[102],"cold":[104],"edges":[105],"(WACE)":[106],"provision":[109],"soil":[111],"moisture":[112],"VTCI":[117,145,191,294],"imagery":[118,146],"MODIS-Aqua":[121],"products.":[123],"We":[124],"assessed":[125],"effect":[129],"on":[130,303],"four":[132,182],"years":[133,169,183],"(2011\u20132014)":[134,184],"winter":[139,374],"wheat":[140,375],"crop":[141],"seasons.":[142],"obtained":[144],"precipitation":[148,199],"were":[150],"utilized":[151],"validate":[153,292],"year":[161,261,360],"2011\u20132014":[170],"winter-wheat-crop":[173,257],"season.":[174],"It":[175,204,334],"is":[176],"worth":[177],"mentioning":[178],"that":[179,207,372],"over":[180],"Julian":[187],"day~D-041":[188],"year,":[189],"shows":[192],"stronger":[194],"link":[195],"accumulative":[198],"anomaly":[200],"(r":[201,239],"=":[202,240],"0.77).":[203],"was":[205,214,217,223,242,377],"found":[206],"for":[208,255],"D-201":[209],"relationship":[216,226],"nonlinear,":[218],"D-217,":[221],"there":[222],"negative":[225],"which":[227,247],"revealed":[228],"timing,":[231],"duration,":[232],"intensity.":[234,333],"For":[235],"D-281,":[236],"correlation":[238],"0.97)":[241],"noted":[243],"fall":[245],"2010,":[246,266],"showed":[248],"extreme":[253],"season":[258],"In":[263],"regard":[264],"Global":[268],"Flood":[269],"Monitoring":[270],"System":[271],"(GFMS)":[272],"model":[273],"employs":[274],"TMPA":[278,312],"display":[282],"events":[290,338,354],"results.":[295],"This":[296],"study\u2019s":[297],"spatial":[298],"temporal":[300],"observations":[301],"based":[302],"observed":[305],"results":[306],"MODIS,":[309],"TRMM,":[310],"are":[314],"good":[316],"agreement":[317],"dry":[319],"wet":[321],"runoff":[328],"stream":[329],"flow":[330],"demonstrates":[335],"high":[340,384],"intensity":[341],"compared":[342],"normality":[345],"complete":[350],"establishment":[351],"weather":[356],"extremes":[357],"2011\u20132014,":[362],"thereby":[363],"highlighting":[364],"natural":[366],"hazards":[367],"impacts.":[368],"Our":[369],"findings":[370],"show":[371],"harvest":[376],"affected":[378],"by":[379],"monsoon\u2019s":[382],"summer":[383],"rain":[385],"floods":[387],"plain":[390],"(Pakistan).":[393]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2023-03-09T00:00:00"}
