{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319083665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030840","title":"BiTSRS: A Bi-Decoder Transformer Segmentor for High-Spatial-Resolution Remote Sensing Images","display_name":"BiTSRS: A Bi-Decoder Transformer Segmentor for High-Spatial-Resolution Remote Sensing Images","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319083665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15030840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030840","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/3/840/pdf?version=1675444374","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/3/840/pdf?version=1675444374","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100743965","display_name":"Yuheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5007-8533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710129, China","School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710129, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100376972","display_name":"Yifan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4533-3880"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710129, China","School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710129, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423500","display_name":"Ye Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5689-8271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710129, China","School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710129, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067207818","display_name":"Shaohui Mei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8018-596X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shaohui Mei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710129, China","School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710129, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067207818"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.8885,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86987208,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"840","last_page":"840"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.823884129524231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6796354651451111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.6249811053276062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.6122222542762756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6100755929946899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5526542663574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.515726625919342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4045674204826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36460810899734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1051320731639862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1028532087802887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.07318231463432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.06558513641357422}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.823884129524231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6796354651451111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.6249811053276062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.6122222542762756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6100755929946899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5526542663574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.515726625919342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4045674204826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36460810899734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1051320731639862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1028532087802887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07318231463432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06558513641357422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15030840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030840","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/3/840/pdf?version=1675444374","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2f0703abe3464517bf8fae69b4b2a4c9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2f0703abe3464517bf8fae69b4b2a4c9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 3, p 840 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/3/840/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15030840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15030840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030840","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/3/840/pdf?version=1675444374","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5521239382","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171381","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8208342437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1 and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8951484681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319083665.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1842610785","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W2022508996","https://openalex.org/W2167510172","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2480078828","https://openalex.org/W2551751523","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2601564443","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2793268137","https://openalex.org/W2794948653","https://openalex.org/W2884822772","https://openalex.org/W2892096486","https://openalex.org/W2902190145","https://openalex.org/W2963378109","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2964309882","https://openalex.org/W2991488782","https://openalex.org/W2995059005","https://openalex.org/W2995766874","https://openalex.org/W3014641072","https://openalex.org/W3018169007","https://openalex.org/W3023329043","https://openalex.org/W3027542479","https://openalex.org/W3033361357","https://openalex.org/W3034427230","https://openalex.org/W3035989822","https://openalex.org/W3045642835","https://openalex.org/W3091811842","https://openalex.org/W3096609285","https://openalex.org/W3100006985","https://openalex.org/W3102850314","https://openalex.org/W3103092912","https://openalex.org/W3105698493","https://openalex.org/W3131500599","https://openalex.org/W3133696297","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3143984685","https://openalex.org/W3170841864","https://openalex.org/W3175515048","https://openalex.org/W3200870516","https://openalex.org/W3202923600","https://openalex.org/W3206222148","https://openalex.org/W3207918547","https://openalex.org/W3211490618","https://openalex.org/W3217153199","https://openalex.org/W4200174151","https://openalex.org/W4205365435","https://openalex.org/W4210333049","https://openalex.org/W4212897988","https://openalex.org/W4214493665","https://openalex.org/W4214893857","https://openalex.org/W4220853886","https://openalex.org/W4221112472","https://openalex.org/W4226013274","https://openalex.org/W4226411967","https://openalex.org/W4281756397","https://openalex.org/W4283450732","https://openalex.org/W4283760989","https://openalex.org/W4292794017","https://openalex.org/W4296339430","https://openalex.org/W4312560592","https://openalex.org/W4313032421","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6767071366","https://openalex.org/W6790690058","https://openalex.org/W6797399245","https://openalex.org/W6805641521","https://openalex.org/W6842931160"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293226380","https://openalex.org/W3203142394","https://openalex.org/W4390516098","https://openalex.org/W4302615923","https://openalex.org/W2181948922","https://openalex.org/W1974101135","https://openalex.org/W2351061015","https://openalex.org/W2384362569","https://openalex.org/W2017509870","https://openalex.org/W2221419418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Semantic":[0],"segmentation":[1,58,80,130,257],"of":[2,15,59,81,86,89,120,131,167,180,201,206,232],"high-spatial-resolution":[3],"(HSR)":[4],"remote":[5,110],"sensing":[6,111],"(RS)":[7],"images":[8,224],"has":[9],"been":[10],"extensively":[11],"studied,":[12],"and":[13,52,149,154,184,208,215],"most":[14],"the":[16,28,41,87,93,105,118,135,138,165,230,237,249],"existing":[17],"methods":[18,45,74],"are":[19],"based":[20],"on":[21,220],"convolutional":[22,188],"neural":[23],"network":[24,189],"(CNN)":[25],"models.":[26],"However,":[27],"CNN":[29],"is":[30,113,141,160,199],"regarded":[31],"to":[32,63,145,162,240],"have":[33,48],"less":[34],"power":[35],"in":[36,56,67,78,92,236],"global":[37,68,148],"representation":[38],"modeling.":[39],"In":[40,97,134],"past":[42],"few":[43],"years,":[44],"using":[46],"transformer":[47,107,140],"attracted":[49],"increasing":[50],"attention":[51],"generate":[53],"improved":[54],"results":[55,246],"semantic":[57,79,129,256],"natural":[60],"images,":[61,83],"owing":[62],"their":[64],"powerful":[65],"ability":[66],"information":[69],"acquisition.":[70],"Nevertheless,":[71],"these":[72],"transformer-based":[73,102],"exhibit":[75],"limited":[76],"performance":[77,241],"RS":[82,132,223],"probably":[84],"because":[85],"lack":[88],"comprehensive":[90],"understanding":[91],"feature":[94,122],"decoding":[95,202],"process.":[96],"this":[98],"paper,":[99],"a":[100,125,155,176,181,185,203],"novel":[101],"model":[103],"named":[104],"bi-decoder":[106,126,177],"segmentor":[108],"for":[109,128,170],"(BiTSRS)":[112],"proposed,":[114],"aiming":[115],"at":[116],"alleviating":[117],"problem":[119],"flexible":[121],"decoding,":[123],"through":[124],"design":[127,157],"images.":[133],"proposed":[136,238,250],"BiTSRS,":[137],"Swin":[139,171],"adopted":[142],"as":[143],"encoder":[144],"take":[146],"both":[147],"local":[150,209],"representations":[151],"into":[152],"consideration,":[153],"unique":[156],"module":[158,191],"(ITM)":[159],"designed":[161,234],"deal":[163],"with":[164,193,196],"limitation":[166],"input":[168],"size":[169],"transformer.":[172],"Furthermore,":[173],"BiTSRS":[174,239,251],"adopts":[175],"structure":[178],"consisting":[179],"Dilated-Uper":[182],"decoder":[183],"fully":[186],"deformable":[187],"(FDCN)":[190],"embedded":[192],"focal":[194],"loss,":[195],"which":[197],"it":[198],"capable":[200],"wide":[204],"range":[205],"features":[207],"detail":[210],"deformations.":[211],"Both":[212],"ablation":[213,227],"experiments":[214,217],"comparison":[216,244],"were":[218],"conducted":[219],"three":[221],"representative":[222],"datasets.":[225],"The":[226,243],"analysis":[228],"demonstrates":[229],"contributions":[231],"specifically":[233],"modules":[235],"improvement.":[242],"experimental":[245],"illustrate":[247],"that":[248],"clearly":[252],"outperforms":[253],"some":[254],"state-of-the-art":[255],"methods.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}