{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313574296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15020311","title":"A New Electrical Resistivity Tomography Scheme of Borehole-to-Surface-to-Cliff Detection and Imaging for Grotto Rock Structure","display_name":"A New Electrical Resistivity Tomography Scheme of Borehole-to-Surface-to-Cliff Detection and Imaging for Grotto Rock Structure","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313574296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15020311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15020311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15020311","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/2/311/pdf?version=1673927390","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/2/311/pdf?version=1673927390","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065339390","display_name":"Jiahe Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1058-6650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahe Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100599784","display_name":"Zhaofa Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0104-4278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhaofa Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102250889","display_name":"Xueyu Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163172","display_name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04rnwed46","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163172"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueyu Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Australia, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Australia, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047474343","display_name":"Baizhou An","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baizhou An","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China","Ningxia Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Institute (Autonomous Regional Deep Earth Exploration Center), Yinchuan 750001, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningxia Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Institute (Autonomous Regional Deep Earth Exploration Center), Yinchuan 750001, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057723754","display_name":"Lige Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4382-9284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lige Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102504171","display_name":"Jianwei Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianwei Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100336995","display_name":"Jing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7960-176X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, 938 Ximinzhu Street, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100599784"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.3847,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78206699,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"311","last_page":"311"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10572","display_name":"Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-resistivity-tomography","display_name":"Electrical resistivity tomography","score":0.8012020587921143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.7769465446472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/borehole","display_name":"Borehole","score":0.7128654718399048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cliff","display_name":"Cliff","score":0.7059171199798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.4707660675048828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-resistivity-and-conductivity","display_name":"Electrical resistivity and conductivity","score":0.36757928133010864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.27844318747520447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.10949850082397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.06676375865936279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.048956215381622314}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60591178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q488986","display_name":"Electrical resistivity tomography","level":3,"score":0.8012020587921143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.7769465446472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150560799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502102","display_name":"Borehole","level":2,"score":0.7128654718399048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164139821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107679","display_name":"Cliff","level":2,"score":0.7059171199798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.4707660675048828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69990965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65402698","display_name":"Electrical resistivity and conductivity","level":2,"score":0.36757928133010864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.27844318747520447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10949850082397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06676375865936279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.048956215381622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15020311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15020311","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/2/311/pdf?version=1673927390","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6ba8a0af0bab4eb19c73d3f771252df5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6ba8a0af0bab4eb19c73d3f771252df5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 2, p 311 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/2/311/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15020311","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 2; Pages: 311","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15020311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15020311","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/2/311/pdf?version=1673927390","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313574296.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48459477","https://openalex.org/W590772133","https://openalex.org/W1493097450","https://openalex.org/W1770597736","https://openalex.org/W1972422407","https://openalex.org/W1978780223","https://openalex.org/W2001285807","https://openalex.org/W2013996674","https://openalex.org/W2019433708","https://openalex.org/W2030857401","https://openalex.org/W2039635636","https://openalex.org/W2051717747","https://openalex.org/W2106743671","https://openalex.org/W2140516050","https://openalex.org/W2144311857","https://openalex.org/W2361293508","https://openalex.org/W2568029718","https://openalex.org/W2778469702","https://openalex.org/W2889438630","https://openalex.org/W2984067032","https://openalex.org/W3004437996","https://openalex.org/W3035398219","https://openalex.org/W3081083820","https://openalex.org/W3090094565","https://openalex.org/W3111657584","https://openalex.org/W3165764805","https://openalex.org/W3196495095","https://openalex.org/W4200267189","https://openalex.org/W4210359253","https://openalex.org/W4229443928","https://openalex.org/W4251950819","https://openalex.org/W4281743761","https://openalex.org/W4308160021","https://openalex.org/W6601945330","https://openalex.org/W6643431736","https://openalex.org/W6731359637","https://openalex.org/W7034493561"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296179769","https://openalex.org/W4233990179","https://openalex.org/W2513124405","https://openalex.org/W1998121271","https://openalex.org/W2024811216","https://openalex.org/W2315924486","https://openalex.org/W4253199194","https://openalex.org/W2553917976","https://openalex.org/W2375739220","https://openalex.org/W759704566"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Grotto":[0],"rock":[1],"structure":[2,30],"detection":[3,90,122],"is":[4,23,40,125],"precondition":[5],"of":[6,31,46,71,92,102,158],"the":[7,28,32,35,44,53,89,100,135,141,146,156,159],"grotto":[8,66],"protection":[9],"and":[10,15,49,82,106,118],"restoration.":[11],"As":[12],"a":[13,59,119],"stable":[14],"non-destructive":[16],"geophysical":[17],"method,":[18],"electrical":[19],"resistivity":[20],"tomography":[21],"(ERT)":[22],"extensively":[24],"used":[25],"to":[26,42,87,127],"detect":[27],"geological":[29],"grottoes.":[33],"However,":[34],"traditional":[36],"ERT":[37,62,73,104,108],"measurement":[38],"scheme":[39,64,151],"challenging":[41],"satisfy":[43],"requirements":[45],"high":[47,50],"accuracy":[48],"resolution":[51],"in":[52,145,149],"cliff":[54],"region.":[55],"Therefore,":[56],"we":[57],"propose":[58],"new":[60],"borehole-to-surface-to-cliff":[61],"(BSC-ERT)":[63],"for":[65,130],"detection.":[67],"The":[68],"sensitivity":[69],"patterns":[70],"five":[72],"schemes":[74,110],"using":[75,111],"three":[76],"configurations":[77],"(A-MN":[78],"array,":[79,81],"AB-MN":[80],"AM-BN":[83,112,147],"array)":[84],"are":[85],"tested":[86],"show":[88,98],"capability":[91],"different":[93],"configurations.":[94],"Two":[95],"numerical":[96,136],"experiments":[97],"that":[99,140],"combination":[101,157],"borehole-to-surface":[103],"(BS-ERT)":[105],"surface-to-cliff":[107],"(SC-ERT)":[109],"array":[113,148],"have":[114],"better":[115],"imaging":[116],"effects":[117],"more":[120],"reasonable":[121],"range,":[123],"which":[124],"recommended":[126],"be":[128,153],"implemented":[129],"future":[131],"work.":[132],"In":[133],"addition,":[134],"experiment":[137],"also":[138],"proves":[139],"symmetric":[142],"effect":[143],"generated":[144],"BS-ERT":[150],"can":[152],"suppressed":[154],"with":[155],"SC-ERT":[160],"scheme.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2023-01-06T00:00:00"}
