{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313244316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010078","title":"Non-Uniform MIMO Array Design for Radar Systems Using Multi-Channel Transceivers","display_name":"Non-Uniform MIMO Array Design for Radar Systems Using Multi-Channel Transceivers","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313244316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010078"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15010078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010078","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/78/pdf?version=1671795821","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/78/pdf?version=1671795821","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100339472","display_name":"Eun Hee Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5118-5509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eunhee Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Defence System Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjn-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Defence System Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjn-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072577589","display_name":"Ilkyu Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1500-0471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110812","display_name":"Sejong Cyber University","ror":"https://ror.org/020b78451","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110812"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilkyu Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Sejong Cyber University, 121, Gunja-ro, Gwangjn-gu, Seoul 05000, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Sejong Cyber University, 121, Gunja-ro, Gwangjn-gu, Seoul 05000, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110812"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109584998","display_name":"Wansik Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wansik Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIGNex1 Co., 207 Mabuk-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 16911, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIGNex1 Co., 207 Mabuk-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 16911, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100339472"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.8233,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94104034,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"78","last_page":"78"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6921666860580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.6484739780426025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.5910456776618958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5764716863632202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5102365016937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"Beam steering","score":0.5078290104866028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-antenna","display_name":"Smart antenna","score":0.44391846656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4363830089569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4245266318321228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3g-mimo","display_name":"3G MIMO","score":0.42339658737182617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aperture","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","score":0.4114399254322052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directional-antenna","display_name":"Directional antenna","score":0.33579206466674805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2826356887817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.25678032636642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.1683104932308197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16769394278526306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1159142255783081}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6921666860580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.6484739780426025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5910456776618958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5764716863632202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5102365016937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.5078290104866028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143635782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187868","display_name":"Smart antenna","level":4,"score":0.44391846656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4363830089569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4245266318321228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.42339658737182617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4779385","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","level":2,"score":0.4114399254322052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.33579206466674805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2826356887817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.25678032636642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.1683104932308197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16769394278526306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1159142255783081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15010078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010078","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/78/pdf?version=1671795821","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bf35fb644faa492c8c56815082300004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bf35fb644faa492c8c56815082300004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 1, p 78 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/1/78/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15010078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 1; Pages: 78","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15010078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010078","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/78/pdf?version=1671795821","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7163493094","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"912913601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323103","funder_display_name":"Agency for Defense Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323103","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313244316.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313244316.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2011158189","https://openalex.org/W2018744547","https://openalex.org/W2098438179","https://openalex.org/W2100060668","https://openalex.org/W2117674050","https://openalex.org/W2132506160","https://openalex.org/W2148846143","https://openalex.org/W2155027553","https://openalex.org/W2329804160","https://openalex.org/W2499499383","https://openalex.org/W2592680288","https://openalex.org/W2623781450","https://openalex.org/W2761732698","https://openalex.org/W2763860877","https://openalex.org/W2883476013","https://openalex.org/W2972356219","https://openalex.org/W3003838945","https://openalex.org/W3040360205","https://openalex.org/W3118293846","https://openalex.org/W3167256329","https://openalex.org/W3168970137","https://openalex.org/W4256223599","https://openalex.org/W4281727589"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988250439","https://openalex.org/W2337053834","https://openalex.org/W4289884633","https://openalex.org/W2110761658","https://openalex.org/W2063133982","https://openalex.org/W2521683201","https://openalex.org/W2069654114","https://openalex.org/W2188444164","https://openalex.org/W2136223459","https://openalex.org/W2504776408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple-input":[0],"multiple-output":[1],"(MIMO)":[2],"technology":[3],"has":[4],"recently":[5],"attracted":[6],"attention":[7],"with":[8,50],"regard":[9],"to":[10,82],"improving":[11],"the":[12,25,59,65,71,76,79,109],"angular":[13],"resolution":[14],"of":[15,78,108],"small":[16,97],"antennas":[17,69,84],"such":[18],"as":[19],"automotive":[20],"radars.":[21],"If":[22],"appropriately":[23],"placed,":[24],"co-located":[26],"transmit":[27,66],"and":[28,67,113,117],"receive":[29,68],"arrays":[30,45],"can":[31,56],"make":[32],"a":[33,40,48,96],"large":[34],"virtual":[35,60],"aperture.":[36],"This":[37],"paper":[38],"proposes":[39],"new":[41],"method":[42,81],"for":[43,91],"designing":[44],"by":[46],"adopting":[47],"structure":[49,55],"minimum":[51],"redundancy.":[52],"The":[53],"proposed":[54,80],"significantly":[57],"increase":[58],"array":[61],"aperture":[62],"while":[63],"keeping":[64],"at":[70,100],"same":[72],"size.":[73],"We":[74],"describe":[75],"application":[77],"subarray-type":[83],"using":[85],"multi-channel":[86],"transceivers,":[87],"which":[88],"is":[89],"essential":[90],"arranging":[92],"RF":[93],"hardware":[94],"in":[95],"antenna":[98],"operating":[99],"high":[101],"frequency.":[102],"Further,":[103],"we":[104],"present":[105],"an":[106],"analysis":[107],"final":[110],"beam":[111],"pattern":[112],"discuss":[114],"its":[115],"benefits":[116],"limitations.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}