{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313508348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010028","title":"Optimization of Characteristic Phenological Periods for Winter Wheat Extraction Using Remote Sensing in Plateau Valley Agricultural Areas in Hualong, China","display_name":"Optimization of Characteristic Phenological Periods for Winter Wheat Extraction Using Remote Sensing in Plateau Valley Agricultural Areas in Hualong, China","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313508348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010028"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15010028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010028","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/28/pdf?version=1672305468","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/28/pdf?version=1672305468","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051561668","display_name":"Shenghui Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20616075","display_name":"Qinghai Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03az1t892","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shenghui Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069440169","display_name":"Xingsheng Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4441-9674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20616075","display_name":"Qinghai Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03az1t892","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xingsheng Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China","School of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4441-9674","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078753250","display_name":"Yaozhong Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2307-2715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20616075","display_name":"Qinghai Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03az1t892","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaozhong Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2307-2715","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069440169"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.1859,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79344938,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"28","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11796","display_name":"Horticultural and Viticultural Research","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrat","display_name":"Quadrat","score":0.7643880248069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenology","display_name":"Phenology","score":0.7363654375076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plateau","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","score":0.7320672273635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6200854778289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-time-warping","display_name":"Dynamic time warping","score":0.5560160875320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.5075181722640991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.49029162526130676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.47109848260879517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/winter-wheat","display_name":"Winter wheat","score":0.4464595913887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.4186423718929291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.2744784355163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.24904289841651917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18423888087272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.13104000687599182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.12181830406188965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107394435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1300585","display_name":"Quadrat","level":3,"score":0.7643880248069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51417038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272737","display_name":"Phenology","level":2,"score":0.7363654375076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4968575","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7320672273635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6200854778289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88516994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268863","display_name":"Dynamic time warping","level":2,"score":0.5560160875320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5075181722640991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.49029162526130676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.47109848260879517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018661444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6977574","display_name":"Winter wheat","level":2,"score":0.4464595913887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.4186423718929291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.2744784355163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.24904289841651917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18423888087272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.13104000687599182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.12181830406188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778091200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42295","display_name":"Shrub","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15010028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010028","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/28/pdf?version=1672305468","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a8fb10709dbd4cd6921175592c1523b2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a8fb10709dbd4cd6921175592c1523b2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 1, p 28 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/1/28/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15010028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 1; Pages: 28","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15010028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15010028","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/28/pdf?version=1672305468","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313508348.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018636632","https://openalex.org/W2038990264","https://openalex.org/W2042645898","https://openalex.org/W2057053883","https://openalex.org/W2072815534","https://openalex.org/W2103867737","https://openalex.org/W2109606373","https://openalex.org/W2119736320","https://openalex.org/W2128160875","https://openalex.org/W2186141939","https://openalex.org/W2371223227","https://openalex.org/W2371965719","https://openalex.org/W2373343802","https://openalex.org/W2392994673","https://openalex.org/W2700341059","https://openalex.org/W2806706062","https://openalex.org/W3017113337","https://openalex.org/W3018528632","https://openalex.org/W3045732244","https://openalex.org/W3152760459","https://openalex.org/W4205373584","https://openalex.org/W4205793717","https://openalex.org/W4245705676","https://openalex.org/W4385525035","https://openalex.org/W6751796707","https://openalex.org/W6793625453","https://openalex.org/W7064871788"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3111997059","https://openalex.org/W2023472217","https://openalex.org/W2532759401","https://openalex.org/W2179445383","https://openalex.org/W4311121721","https://openalex.org/W2361978354","https://openalex.org/W2336987848","https://openalex.org/W1987122038","https://openalex.org/W2036196556","https://openalex.org/W3119547400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1],"important":[2],"to":[3,10,43,130,168,189,259],"develop":[4],"or":[5,160],"validate":[6],"remote":[7,41,117],"sensing":[8,42,118],"methods":[9],"explore":[11],"agricultural":[12,19],"management":[13],"and":[14,33,64,81,99,109,136],"food":[15],"self-sufficiency":[16],"in":[17,57,68,72],"the":[18,22,26,38,48,89,93,110,131,148,161,169,186,190,194,220,224,231,237,246,255],"areas":[20],"of":[21,28,40,92,146,157,193,223,233,249],"Qinghai\u2013Tibet":[23],"Plateau":[24,50],"under":[25],"influence":[27],"global":[29],"change,":[30],"ecological":[31],"protection,":[32],"socio-economic":[34],"development.":[35],"Studies":[36],"on":[37,47,88,245],"use":[39],"monitor":[44],"crop":[45],"planting":[46,207],"Qinghai-Tibetan":[49,75],"are":[51],"limited,":[52],"with":[53,139,198,209,230],"inconclusive":[54],"results.":[55],"Therefore,":[56],"this":[58],"study,":[59],"we":[60],"analyzed":[61],"Sentinel-2A/B":[62],"images":[63],"field":[65],"survey":[66],"data":[67,119],"Hualong,":[69],"China":[70],"(located":[71],"Hehuang":[73],"Valley,":[74],"Plateau)":[76],"for":[77,121],"winter":[78,122,143,183,225,250],"wheat":[79,144,184,226,251],"identification":[80],"verification":[82],"at":[83],"different":[84],"spatial":[85,149],"scales":[86],"based":[87,244],"time":[90,101,191],"series":[91,192],"normalized":[94],"difference":[95],"phenology":[96],"index":[97],"(NDPI)":[98],"dynamic":[100],"warping":[102],"(DTW)":[103],"algorithm.":[104],"The":[105,124,165],"characteristic":[106],"phenological":[107,247],"period":[108],"corresponding":[111,129,167,188],"DTW":[112,140,173,199],"threshold":[113,174,200],"were":[114],"optimized":[115,261],"using":[116],"extracted":[120],"wheat.":[123],"results":[125],"showed":[126],"that":[127],"NDPI":[128,166,187],"jointing-heading":[132,170],"stage,":[133,135],"grouting-harvesting":[134,195],"jointing-harvesting":[137],"stage":[138,171,196],"could":[141,178,204,240],"identify":[142],"regardless":[145],"whether":[147],"scale":[150],"was":[151],"a":[152,155,180,206],"single":[153],"quadrat,":[154],"combination":[156],"two":[158],"quadrats,":[159],"entire":[162],"study":[163],"area.":[164],"(corresponding":[172],"T":[175,201],"=":[176,202],"0.158)":[177],"generate":[179],"relatively":[181,210],"rational":[182],"map;":[185],"(combined":[197],"0.195)":[203],"detect":[205],"area":[208,227,239],"high":[211],"accuracy":[212],"when":[213],"supported":[214],"by":[215],"cultivated":[216,234],"land,":[217],"which":[218],"matches":[219],"statistical":[221],"reporting":[222],"data.":[228],"Similarly,":[229],"support":[232],"land":[235],"data,":[236],"planted":[238],"be":[241,260],"identified":[242],"early":[243],"characteristics":[248],"before":[252],"overwintering;":[253],"however,":[254],"extraction":[256],"scheme":[257],"needs":[258],"further.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
