{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310379039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236053","title":"A Lightweight Model for Ship Detection and Recognition in Complex-Scene SAR Images","display_name":"A Lightweight Model for Ship Detection and Recognition in Complex-Scene SAR Images","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310379039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14236053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236053","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/6053/pdf?version=1669942575","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/6053/pdf?version=1669942575","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101828155","display_name":"Boli Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4642-8005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boli Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030795703","display_name":"Zhongzhen Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-1481"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhongzhen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-1481","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113414416","display_name":"Jin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8298-4378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089794328","display_name":"Xiangguang Leng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9372-8118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangguang Leng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089424445","display_name":"Kefeng Ji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kefeng Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030795703"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2618},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2618},"fwci":6.6765,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97180804,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"23","first_page":"6053","last_page":"6053"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14413","display_name":"Advanced Technologies in Various Fields","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14413","display_name":"Advanced Technologies in Various Fields","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9628000259399414,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8423792123794556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5984006524085999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.5265874266624451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4767659306526184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.466442346572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.46348029375076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4588821828365326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.45527854561805725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.43537256121635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-target-recognition","display_name":"Automatic target recognition","score":0.4168652594089508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4117392599582672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3466443419456482}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8423792123794556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5984006524085999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5265874266624451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4767659306526184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.466442346572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.46348029375076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.4588821828365326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.45527854561805725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.43537256121635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117623542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621974","display_name":"Automatic target recognition","level":3,"score":0.4168652594089508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4117392599582672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3466443419456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14236053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236053","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/6053/pdf?version=1669942575","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b4eaa0c9faab404891c44e9fe7620c40","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b4eaa0c9faab404891c44e9fe7620c40","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 23, p 6053 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14236053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236053","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/6053/pdf?version=1669942575","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6554236844","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021JJ40684","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8306244626","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001480","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4310379039.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2179352600","https://openalex.org/W2774244034","https://openalex.org/W2783628520","https://openalex.org/W2904480641","https://openalex.org/W2922225410","https://openalex.org/W2928870406","https://openalex.org/W2970277117","https://openalex.org/W2982770724","https://openalex.org/W2991363140","https://openalex.org/W3000274549","https://openalex.org/W3012573144","https://openalex.org/W3021168583","https://openalex.org/W3038948729","https://openalex.org/W3089780760","https://openalex.org/W3098722327","https://openalex.org/W3109337433","https://openalex.org/W3119027652","https://openalex.org/W3122279293","https://openalex.org/W3129554782","https://openalex.org/W3184840388","https://openalex.org/W3185838909","https://openalex.org/W3193498964","https://openalex.org/W3195183808","https://openalex.org/W3199407192","https://openalex.org/W3200733355","https://openalex.org/W3207877247","https://openalex.org/W3208019692","https://openalex.org/W3208703006","https://openalex.org/W4200381407","https://openalex.org/W4200493764","https://openalex.org/W4205565949","https://openalex.org/W4206005176","https://openalex.org/W4206351484","https://openalex.org/W4210364703","https://openalex.org/W4212781487","https://openalex.org/W4213455178","https://openalex.org/W4214571488","https://openalex.org/W4214648418","https://openalex.org/W4220890517","https://openalex.org/W4224239645","https://openalex.org/W4225271030","https://openalex.org/W4283652716","https://openalex.org/W4285006206","https://openalex.org/W4285095071","https://openalex.org/W4285135634","https://openalex.org/W4285166851","https://openalex.org/W4285235155","https://openalex.org/W4285294301","https://openalex.org/W4285820980","https://openalex.org/W4286364677","https://openalex.org/W4292454830","https://openalex.org/W4292553542","https://openalex.org/W4293057086","https://openalex.org/W4293235003","https://openalex.org/W4295745457","https://openalex.org/W4295916812","https://openalex.org/W4295934691","https://openalex.org/W4296340368","https://openalex.org/W4296743665","https://openalex.org/W4296745478","https://openalex.org/W4297549407","https://openalex.org/W4303056713","https://openalex.org/W4312314556","https://openalex.org/W4312559091","https://openalex.org/W4312687583","https://openalex.org/W4312761526","https://openalex.org/W4313002786","https://openalex.org/W6805919115","https://openalex.org/W6806343435","https://openalex.org/W6809453668","https://openalex.org/W6839961451","https://openalex.org/W6839980932","https://openalex.org/W6840177074","https://openalex.org/W6848182404"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022849497","https://openalex.org/W3137365474","https://openalex.org/W3081299480","https://openalex.org/W2407190427","https://openalex.org/W2919210741","https://openalex.org/W2886347302","https://openalex.org/W2907584218","https://openalex.org/W3002446410","https://openalex.org/W2784759481","https://openalex.org/W4390224712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"SAR":[0,12,34,52,73,89,131,245],"ship":[1,25,67,125,247],"detection":[2,68,126,145,212,248],"and":[3,20,69,107,112,127,147,164,178,193,213,249,276,291],"recognition":[4,70,105,128,214,250],"are":[5],"important":[6],"components":[7],"of":[8,11,23,29,33,42,45,81,189,216,224,264,279,289,295],"the":[9,17,30,38,43,76,79,88,109,118,144,153,158,166,173,180,187,202,211,222,225,241,253,261,265,298],"application":[10],"data":[13],"interpretation,":[14],"allowing":[15],"for":[16,124],"continuous,":[18],"reliable,":[19],"efficient":[21],"monitoring":[22],"maritime":[24],"targets,":[26],"in":[27,71,129,135,139,268],"view":[28],"present":[31],"situation":[32],"interpretation":[35,92],"applications.":[36],"On":[37,75],"one":[39],"hand,":[40,78],"because":[41],"lack":[44],"high-quality":[46],"datasets,":[47],"most":[48,98],"existing":[49,99],"research":[50,86],"on":[51,56,65,87,103,240,297],"ships":[53],"is":[54,133,271],"focused":[55],"target":[57,104,174,203],"detection.":[58],"Additionally,":[59],"there":[60],"have":[61],"been":[62],"few":[63],"studies":[64],"integrated":[66],"complex":[72,190],"images.":[74],"other":[77],"development":[80],"deep":[82],"learning":[83],"technology":[84],"promotes":[85],"image":[90,246],"intelligent":[91],"algorithm":[93],"to":[94,116,141,170,185,209],"some":[95],"extent.":[96],"However,":[97],"algorithms":[100],"only":[101,272],"focus":[102],"performance":[106,146,215,288,294],"ignore":[108],"model\u2019s":[110,226],"size":[111,263],"computational":[113],"efficiency.":[114],"Aiming":[115],"solve":[117],"above":[119],"problems,":[120],"a":[121],"lightweight":[122,155],"model":[123,156,266,280],"complex-scene":[130,244],"images":[132],"proposed":[134,267],"this":[136,150,269],"paper.":[137],"Firstly,":[138],"order":[140],"comprehensively":[142],"improve":[143,179,210],"deployment":[148],"capability,":[149],"paper":[151,270],"applies":[152],"YOLOv5-n":[154],"as":[157],"baseline":[159],"algorithm.":[160],"Secondly,":[161],"we":[162,196,220,236],"redesign":[163],"optimize":[165,221],"pyramid":[167],"pooling":[168],"structure":[169,223],"effectively":[171],"enhance":[172],"feature":[175,204],"extraction":[176,205],"efficiency":[177],"algorithm\u2019s":[181],"operation":[182],"speed.":[183],"Meanwhile,":[184],"suppress":[186],"influence":[188],"background":[191],"interference":[192],"ships\u2019":[194],"distribution,":[195],"integrate":[197],"different":[198],"attention":[199],"mechanism":[200],"into":[201],"layer.":[206],"In":[207],"addition,":[208],"densely":[217],"parallel":[218],"ships,":[219],"prediction":[227],"layer":[228],"by":[229],"adding":[230],"an":[231,285,292],"angular":[232],"classification":[233],"module.":[234],"Finally,":[235],"conducted":[237],"extensive":[238],"experiments":[239],"newly":[242],"released":[243],"dataset,":[251],"named":[252],"SRSDDv1.0":[254,299],"dataset.":[255,300],"The":[256],"experimental":[257],"results":[258],"show":[259],"that":[260],"minimum":[262],"1.92":[273],"M":[274],"parameters":[275],"4.52":[277],"MB":[278],"memory,":[281],"which":[282],"can":[283],"achieve":[284],"excellent":[286],"F1-Score":[287],"61.26":[290],"FPS":[293],"68.02":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2022-12-10T00:00:00"}