{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310154764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236030","title":"Analysis of Precise Orbit Determination of BDS-3 MEO and IGSO Satellites Based on Several Dual-Frequency Measurement Combinations","display_name":"Analysis of Precise Orbit Determination of BDS-3 MEO and IGSO Satellites Based on Several Dual-Frequency Measurement Combinations","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310154764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236030"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14236030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236030","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/6030/pdf?version=1669869188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/6030/pdf?version=1669869188","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019269034","display_name":"Bingfeng Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4069-2032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingfeng Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, West No.30 Xiao Hong Shan, Wuhan 430071, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, West No.30 Xiao Hong Shan, Wuhan 430071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009172468","display_name":"Qingsong Ai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7293-8821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingsong Ai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, West No.30 Xiao Hong Shan, Wuhan 430071, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, West No.30 Xiao Hong Shan, Wuhan 430071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100987150","display_name":"Yunbin Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunbin Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, West No.30 Xiao Hong Shan, Wuhan 430071, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, West No.30 Xiao Hong Shan, Wuhan 430071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009172468"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.9118,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91002433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"23","first_page":"6030","last_page":"6030"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beidou-navigation-satellite-system","display_name":"BeiDou Navigation Satellite System","score":0.7148392200469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geosynchronous-orbit","display_name":"Geosynchronous orbit","score":0.7088744640350342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbit-determination","display_name":"Orbit determination","score":0.6636672019958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbit","display_name":"Orbit (dynamics)","score":0.6013368368148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.572101891040802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5660046935081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5632803440093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medium-earth-orbit","display_name":"Medium Earth orbit","score":0.5259530544281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.47046956419944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3956877291202545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.329856812953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.19236049056053162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18483516573905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.09688451886177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.06997939944267273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.06688717007637024}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777783341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857141","display_name":"BeiDou Navigation Satellite System","level":4,"score":0.7148392200469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94042562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472251","display_name":"Geosynchronous orbit","level":3,"score":0.7088744640350342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107768556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302660","display_name":"Orbit determination","level":3,"score":0.6636672019958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196644772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3884964","display_name":"Orbit (dynamics)","level":2,"score":0.6013368368148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.572101891040802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5660046935081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5632803440093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199301463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218414","display_name":"Medium Earth orbit","level":4,"score":0.5259530544281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.47046956419944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3956877291202545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.329856812953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.19236049056053162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18483516573905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.09688451886177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.06997939944267273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.06688717007637024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14236030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236030","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/6030/pdf?version=1669869188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ff5598b5fc854e59b7d671643863a777","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ff5598b5fc854e59b7d671643863a777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 23, p 6030 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/23/6030/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14236030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 23; Pages: 6030","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14236030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14236030","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/6030/pdf?version=1669869188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2190670390","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42004022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310804","display_name":"University of Hawai'i","ror":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310992","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4310154764.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4310154764.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W239762720","https://openalex.org/W1813537582","https://openalex.org/W1958157063","https://openalex.org/W2026633530","https://openalex.org/W2035474678","https://openalex.org/W2068265070","https://openalex.org/W2098334401","https://openalex.org/W2114500068","https://openalex.org/W2124205118","https://openalex.org/W2430350977","https://openalex.org/W2542219810","https://openalex.org/W2573739355","https://openalex.org/W2607422644","https://openalex.org/W2618365799","https://openalex.org/W2786309865","https://openalex.org/W2792327004","https://openalex.org/W2797286077","https://openalex.org/W2799580356","https://openalex.org/W2899390859","https://openalex.org/W2904135205","https://openalex.org/W2904472001","https://openalex.org/W2918488316","https://openalex.org/W2919576603","https://openalex.org/W2920594953","https://openalex.org/W2922256401","https://openalex.org/W2945246927","https://openalex.org/W2954813315","https://openalex.org/W2996241337","https://openalex.org/W2996982698","https://openalex.org/W3003263134","https://openalex.org/W3009114642","https://openalex.org/W3033367216","https://openalex.org/W3041692326","https://openalex.org/W3128843681","https://openalex.org/W3131007936","https://openalex.org/W3159669176","https://openalex.org/W3197516698","https://openalex.org/W4205158370","https://openalex.org/W4210439192","https://openalex.org/W4221121657","https://openalex.org/W4293796530","https://openalex.org/W4296107650"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390549351","https://openalex.org/W4385385640","https://openalex.org/W2952675445","https://openalex.org/W3088939607","https://openalex.org/W2742469414","https://openalex.org/W4323545049","https://openalex.org/W4206933643","https://openalex.org/W2971968957","https://openalex.org/W2949341289","https://openalex.org/W4394620632"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,79],"Chinese":[1],"BeiDou-3":[2],"navigation":[3,38],"satellite":[4,39,84,94],"system":[5,40],"(BDS-3)":[6],"is":[7,85,116,193,248,275],"capable":[8],"of":[9,48,81,91,103,110,128,158,162,197],"transmitting":[10],"both":[11,111],"old":[12],"B1I,":[13],"B3I":[14,121],"signals":[15],"and":[16,55,75,114,133,168,180,189,202,210,222,228,264],"new":[17],"B1C,":[18],"B2a,":[19],"B2b":[20],"signals.":[21],"Current":[22],"BDS-3":[23,49,139,254],"precise":[24,140],"orbits":[25],"are":[26,61,135,146,182,212],"generally":[27],"calculated":[28],"using":[29],"a":[30,276],"B1I/B3I":[31],"combination":[32,274],"considering":[33],"overlap":[34],"with":[35,187],"the":[36,45,82,92,96,101,104,138,149,159,184,190,195,245,252,268],"BeiDou-2":[37],"(BDS-2).":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43,165],"contribution,":[44,166],"observation":[46],"quality":[47],"medium":[50],"earth":[51],"orbit":[52,58,141],"(MEO)":[53],"satellites":[54,60],"inclined":[56],"geosynchronous":[57],"(IGSO)":[59],"analyzed":[62],"based":[63],"on":[64],"three":[65,160],"aspects,":[66],"i.e.,":[67,130],"carrier":[68],"to":[69],"noise":[70,74,113],"ratio":[71],"(C/N0),":[72],"pseudo-range":[73,76,112],"multipath":[77],"(MP).":[78],"C/N0":[80],"MEO":[83],"2~3":[86],"dB":[87],"higher":[88],"than":[89],"that":[90,176,226,244],"IGSO":[93],"at":[95,183,194,280],"same":[97,185],"elevation":[98],"angle.":[99],"Meanwhile,":[100,208],"order":[102],"Root":[105],"Mean":[106],"Square":[107],"(RMS)":[108],"values":[109],"MP":[115],"B1I":[117],"<":[118,120,122],"B1C":[119],"B2a":[123],"\u2248":[124],"B2b.":[125],"Three":[126],"kinds":[127,161],"combinations,":[129,266],"B1CB2a,":[131,220],"B1CB2b":[132,221,229,265],"B1IB3I,":[134],"selected":[136],"for":[137,200,205,251,256,272],"determination":[142],"(POD)":[143],"experiment.":[144],"Orbits":[145],"assessed":[147],"by":[148],"orbit-only":[150,191],"signal-in-space":[151],"range":[152],"error":[153],"(SISRE)":[154],"computed":[155],"between":[156,219],"pairs":[157],"combinations":[163],"in":[164],"CODE":[167,257],"GFZ":[169,260],"final":[170,258,261],"orbits.":[171],"Orbit-only":[172],"SISRE":[173,192],"assessment":[174],"shows":[175,235],"B1CB2a/CODE,":[177],"B1CB2b/CODE,":[178],"B1CB2a/GFZ":[179],"B1CB2b/GFZ":[181],"level":[186,196],"CODE/GFZ,":[188],"5":[198],"cm":[199,204,215,250],"MEOs":[201,255],"9":[203],"IGSOs,":[206],"respectively.":[207],"B1IB3I/CODE":[209],"B1IB3I/GFZ":[211],"about":[213],"1\u20132":[214],"worse.":[216],"Inter-solution":[217],"comparison":[218],"B1IB3I":[223,234,273],"also":[224],"indicate":[225,243],"B1CB2a":[227,263],"have":[230],"good":[231],"consistency,":[232],"while":[233,267],"poor":[236],"performance.":[237],"Satellite":[238],"laser":[239],"ranging":[240],"(SLR)":[241],"residuals":[242],"mean":[246,269],"RMS":[247,270],"3\u20134":[249],"four":[253],"orbit,":[259,262],"value":[271],"few":[277],"millimeters":[278],"worse,":[279],"approximately":[281],"4\u20135":[282],"cm.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2022-11-30T00:00:00"}