{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309685829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14235909","title":"Digital Soil Texture Mapping and Spatial Transferability of Machine Learning Models Using Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and Terrain-Derived Covariates","display_name":"Digital Soil Texture Mapping and Spatial Transferability of Machine Learning Models Using Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and Terrain-Derived Covariates","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309685829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14235909"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14235909","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14235909","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/5909/pdf?version=1669117104","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/5909/pdf?version=1669117104","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051365421","display_name":"Reza Mirzaeitalarposhti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9344-1945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110079840","display_name":"University of Hohenheim","ror":"https://ror.org/00b1c9541","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110079840"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Reza Mirzaeitalarposhti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics (340i), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics (340i), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110079840"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068825926","display_name":"Hossein Shafizadeh\u2010Moghadam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0651-3723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1516879","display_name":"Tarbiat Modares University","ror":"https://ror.org/03mwgfy56","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1516879"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Shafizadeh-Moghadam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Water Engineering and Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-336, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Water Engineering and Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-336, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1516879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056756521","display_name":"Ruhollah Taghizadeh\u2010Mehrjardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4620-6624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruhollah Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geosciences, Soil Science and Geomorphology, University of T\u00fcbingen, 72070 Tuebingen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geosciences, Soil Science and Geomorphology, University of T\u00fcbingen, 72070 Tuebingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042434513","display_name":"Michael Scott Demyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6198-3774"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Scott Demyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051365421"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110079840"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.0294,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.916677,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"23","first_page":"5909","last_page":"5909"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-texture","display_name":"Soil texture","score":0.7365170121192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6337684392929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6010078191757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5517822504043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5098651647567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.49063339829444885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.4645307660102844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariate","display_name":"Covariate","score":0.4591294229030609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-map","display_name":"Soil map","score":0.4263796806335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3536757826805115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29992756247520447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-water","display_name":"Soil water","score":0.27402645349502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2674035131931305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24616295099258423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.24389418959617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.19609662890434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.16405582427978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.15886321663856506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.12667018175125122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175963888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5026010","display_name":"Soil texture","level":3,"score":0.7365170121192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6337684392929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6010078191757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5517822504043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5098651647567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.49063339829444885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.4645307660102844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119043178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Covariate","level":2,"score":0.4591294229030609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71864017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889561","display_name":"Soil map","level":3,"score":0.4263796806335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3536757826805115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29992756247520447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.27402645349502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2674035131931305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24616295099258423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.24389418959617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.19609662890434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.16405582427978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.15886321663856506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12667018175125122}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14235909","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14235909","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/5909/pdf?version=1669117104","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:058190e0c08c45db87be4d1eb0411081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/058190e0c08c45db87be4d1eb0411081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 23, p 5909 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/23/5909/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14235909","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 23; Pages: 5909","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14235909","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14235909","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/23/5909/pdf?version=1669117104","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311402","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hohenheim","ror":"https://ror.org/00b1c9541"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4309685829.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4309685829.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W385663865","https://openalex.org/W1044436857","https://openalex.org/W1047775614","https://openalex.org/W1432987575","https://openalex.org/W1483167319","https://openalex.org/W1490903001","https://openalex.org/W1499717152","https://openalex.org/W1831050183","https://openalex.org/W1966878029","https://openalex.org/W1982623886","https://openalex.org/W1989736185","https://openalex.org/W2013738552","https://openalex.org/W2071263221","https://openalex.org/W2074144001","https://openalex.org/W2079299474","https://openalex.org/W2086916637","https://openalex.org/W2089097786","https://openalex.org/W2090852128","https://openalex.org/W2103133249","https://openalex.org/W2103353034","https://openalex.org/W2104275888","https://openalex.org/W2112411699","https://openalex.org/W2112688502","https://openalex.org/W2116395914","https://openalex.org/W2118812649","https://openalex.org/W2126087248","https://openalex.org/W2127168331","https://openalex.org/W2147742121","https://openalex.org/W2150853822","https://openalex.org/W2161119416","https://openalex.org/W2161723080","https://openalex.org/W2169439425","https://openalex.org/W2172601898","https://openalex.org/W2186294614","https://openalex.org/W2189101744","https://openalex.org/W2227714241","https://openalex.org/W2232221805","https://openalex.org/W2261400749","https://openalex.org/W2322799392","https://openalex.org/W2487770199","https://openalex.org/W2524024492","https://openalex.org/W2553578711","https://openalex.org/W2553974156","https://openalex.org/W2582794771","https://openalex.org/W2725897987","https://openalex.org/W2745131289","https://openalex.org/W2767899554","https://openalex.org/W2885532309","https://openalex.org/W2893324711","https://openalex.org/W2910053993","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2912358801","https://openalex.org/W2921398857","https://openalex.org/W2924579710","https://openalex.org/W2951244100","https://openalex.org/W2956038373","https://openalex.org/W2958221227","https://openalex.org/W2958614675","https://openalex.org/W2971797472","https://openalex.org/W2995150843","https://openalex.org/W2998320197","https://openalex.org/W3008490274","https://openalex.org/W3015083507","https://openalex.org/W3017261357","https://openalex.org/W3072775711","https://openalex.org/W3086056576","https://openalex.org/W3093338522","https://openalex.org/W3135678101","https://openalex.org/W3190069197","https://openalex.org/W3193450055","https://openalex.org/W4211012058","https://openalex.org/W4220756321","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4291237171","https://openalex.org/W6677024349","https://openalex.org/W6727343974","https://openalex.org/W6766131453"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3158467599","https://openalex.org/W2290077960","https://openalex.org/W1905469101","https://openalex.org/W3212068373","https://openalex.org/W2184531353","https://openalex.org/W4315619809","https://openalex.org/W2889805085","https://openalex.org/W4284687229","https://openalex.org/W2734669566","https://openalex.org/W2056881931"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soil":[0],"texture":[1,30,106,196],"is":[2,296],"an":[3,206],"important":[4,207],"property":[5],"that":[6,189,203],"controls":[7],"the":[8,11,20,58,64,72,76,88,102,114,117,121,124,141,158,186,211,219,227,233,243,278,282,289],"mobility":[9],"of":[10,22,35,67,214,221,238,263,281,292],"water":[12],"and":[13,44,57,81,108,137,169,182,229,270,285],"nutrients":[14],"in":[15,27,53,113,193,199,209,232],"soil.":[16],"This":[17],"study":[18,109],"examined":[19],"capability":[21],"machine":[23,79,293],"learning":[24,294],"(ML)":[25],"models":[26,160,295],"estimating":[28,194],"soil":[29,105,195,215],"fractions":[31],"using":[32,180],"different":[33,69],"combinations":[34],"remotely":[36],"sensed":[37],"data":[38,91,224],"from":[39],"Sentinel-1":[40],"(S1),":[41],"Sentinel-2":[42],"(S2),":[43],"terrain-derived":[45],"covariates":[46],"(TDC)":[47],"across":[48],"two":[49],"contrasting":[50],"agroecological":[51],"regions":[52],"Southwest":[54],"Germany,":[55],"Kraichgau":[56],"Swabian":[59,115,234],"Alb.":[60,235],"Importantly,":[61],"we":[62],"tested":[63],"predictive":[65,252],"power":[66],"three":[68],"ML":[70,95],"models:":[71],"random":[73],"forest":[74],"(RF),":[75],"support":[77],"vector":[78],"(SVM),":[80],"extreme":[82],"gradient":[83],"boosting":[84],"(XGB)":[85],"coupled":[86],"with":[87,127,144],"remote":[89,222],"sensing":[90,223],"covariates.":[92],"As":[93],"expected,":[94],"model":[96,119,241],"performance":[97],"was":[98,246],"not":[99],"consistent":[100],"regarding":[101],"input":[103],"covariates,":[104],"fractions,":[107,197],"regions.":[110],"For":[111],"example,":[112],"Alb,":[116],"SVM":[118],"performed":[120],"best":[122,139,159],"for":[123,161,265],"sand":[125,162],"content":[126,143,231],"S2":[128,147],"+":[129,146,148],"TDC":[130,149,190],"(RMSE":[131,150,163,172],"=":[132,135,151,154,164,167,173,176],"3.63%,":[133],"R2":[134,153,166,175],"0.42),":[136],"XGB":[138,181],"predicted":[140,226],"clay":[142,170,230],"S1":[145],"6.84%,":[152],"0.64).":[155],"In":[156,217],"Kraichgau,":[157,200],"7.54%,":[165],"0.79)":[168],"contents":[171],"6.14%,":[174],"0.48)":[177],"were":[178,191],"obtained":[179],"SVM,":[183],"respectively.":[184],"Moreover,":[185],"results":[187],"indicated":[188,202,249],"critical":[192],"especially":[198],"which":[201],"topography":[204],"plays":[205],"role":[208],"defining":[210],"spatial":[212,290],"distribution":[213],"properties.":[216],"contrast,":[218],"contribution":[220],"better":[225,287],"silt":[228],"The":[236,254],"transferability":[237,291],"a":[239,260],"region-specific":[240],"to":[242,276,286],"other":[244],"region":[245],"low":[247],"as":[248],"by":[250],"poor":[251],"performance.":[253],"resulting":[255],"soil-texture-fraction":[256],"maps":[257],"could":[258],"be":[259],"significant":[261],"source":[262],"information":[264],"efficient":[266],"land":[267],"resource":[268],"management":[269],"environmental":[271],"monitoring.":[272],"Nonetheless,":[273],"further":[274],"research":[275],"evaluate":[277],"added":[279],"value":[280],"Sentinel":[283],"imagery":[284],"analyze":[288],"highly":[297],"recommended.":[298]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2022-11-29T00:00:00"}