{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309002535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14225711","title":"Use of Airborne Radar Images and Machine Learning Algorithms to Map Soil Clay, Silt, and Sand Contents in Remote Areas under the Amazon Rainforest","display_name":"Use of Airborne Radar Images and Machine Learning Algorithms to Map Soil Clay, Silt, and Sand Contents in Remote Areas under the Amazon Rainforest","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309002535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14225711"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14225711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14225711","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/22/5711/pdf?version=1668674462","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/22/5711/pdf?version=1668674462","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101676049","display_name":"Ana Carolina de Souza Ferreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3496-8824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161460629","display_name":"Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00xwgyp12","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Carolina de S. Ferreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054360246","display_name":"Marcos Bacis Ceddia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8611-314X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161460629","display_name":"Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00xwgyp12","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marcos B. Ceddia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of AgroTechnologies and Sustainability, Institute of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil","Laboratory of Water and Soils in Agroecosystem, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8611-314X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of AgroTechnologies and Sustainability, Institute of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Water and Soils in Agroecosystem, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052067929","display_name":"Elias Mendes Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3630-1174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161460629","display_name":"Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00xwgyp12","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elias M. Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Water and Soils in Agroecosystem, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3630-1174","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Water and Soils in Agroecosystem, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077242780","display_name":"\u00c9rika Fl\u00e1via Machado Pinheiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9039-4127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161460629","display_name":"Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00xwgyp12","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00c9rika F. M. Pinheiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of AgroTechnologies and Sustainability, Institute of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9039-4127","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of AgroTechnologies and Sustainability, Institute of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004281929","display_name":"Mariana Melo do Nascimento","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161460629","display_name":"Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00xwgyp12","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariana Melo do Nascimento","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agronomic Engineering, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agronomic Engineering, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016047148","display_name":"Gustavo M. Vasques","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-1898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199691007","display_name":"Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/0482b5b22","country_code":"BR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199691007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128604","display_name":"Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Bot\u00e2nico do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/033xtdz52","country_code":"BR","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128604"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustavo M. Vasques","raw_affiliation_strings":["Embrapa Soils, Rua Jardim Bot\u00e2nico 1024, Rio de Janeiro 22460-000, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-1898","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Embrapa Soils, Rua Jardim Bot\u00e2nico 1024, Rio de Janeiro 22460-000, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199691007","https://openalex.org/I4210128604"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054360246"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":0.4465,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5281562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"22","first_page":"5711","last_page":"5711"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10889","display_name":"Soil erosion and sediment transport","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silt","display_name":"Silt","score":0.7625182271003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6288174986839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5654458999633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amazon-rainforest","display_name":"Amazon rainforest","score":0.5311480760574341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.5219235420227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-water","display_name":"Soil water","score":0.5158669352531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.493401437997818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4686155915260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-soil-mapping","display_name":"Digital soil mapping","score":0.4683097302913666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4667034149169922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.3904878795146942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-map","display_name":"Soil map","score":0.36876946687698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34998780488967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3259508013725281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.19106411933898926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.15644916892051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14409038424491882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.14183154702186584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.11878380179405212}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161222754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270699","display_name":"Silt","level":2,"score":0.7625182271003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6288174986839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5654458999633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535291247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177567","display_name":"Amazon rainforest","level":2,"score":0.5311480760574341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.5219235420227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.5158669352531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.493401437997818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4686155915260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104471815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276164","display_name":"Digital soil mapping","level":4,"score":0.4683097302913666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4667034149169922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3904878795146942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71864017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889561","display_name":"Soil map","level":3,"score":0.36876946687698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34998780488967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3259508013725281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.19106411933898926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.15644916892051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14409038424491882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14183154702186584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11878380179405212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14225711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14225711","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/22/5711/pdf?version=1668674462","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br:doc/1148295","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1148295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"instacron:EMBRAPA","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dfaa2912bd794094851d25674ba6f50f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dfaa2912bd794094851d25674ba6f50f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 22, p 5711 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/22/5711/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14225711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 22; Pages: 5711","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14225711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14225711","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/22/5711/pdf?version=1668674462","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8696627797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5850.0105881.17.9","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322468","funder_display_name":"Petrobras"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322468","display_name":"Petrobras","ror":"https://ror.org/0235kyq22"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4309002535.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18678914","https://openalex.org/W1483167319","https://openalex.org/W1549787076","https://openalex.org/W1972617376","https://openalex.org/W1990774214","https://openalex.org/W1998447689","https://openalex.org/W2008563894","https://openalex.org/W2013725197","https://openalex.org/W2036874599","https://openalex.org/W2040957337","https://openalex.org/W2049842380","https://openalex.org/W2056884786","https://openalex.org/W2073283316","https://openalex.org/W2074144001","https://openalex.org/W2088023135","https://openalex.org/W2102916476","https://openalex.org/W2122226739","https://openalex.org/W2135543109","https://openalex.org/W2147326595","https://openalex.org/W2147475079","https://openalex.org/W2227714241","https://openalex.org/W2274117189","https://openalex.org/W2295307655","https://openalex.org/W2338373823","https://openalex.org/W2400486642","https://openalex.org/W2494779691","https://openalex.org/W2515614767","https://openalex.org/W2532243032","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2583931072","https://openalex.org/W2740239956","https://openalex.org/W2755175826","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2912051766","https://openalex.org/W2953972577","https://openalex.org/W2956038373","https://openalex.org/W2975249695","https://openalex.org/W3003520093","https://openalex.org/W3086056576","https://openalex.org/W4291237171","https://openalex.org/W4293874511","https://openalex.org/W6699142482","https://openalex.org/W6703920932","https://openalex.org/W7023477556","https://openalex.org/W7071961352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2549937139","https://openalex.org/W1975337890","https://openalex.org/W2247452052","https://openalex.org/W2083739595","https://openalex.org/W3134906919","https://openalex.org/W2095317746","https://openalex.org/W2953150186","https://openalex.org/W2105851409","https://openalex.org/W4239629919","https://openalex.org/W2287944311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soil":[0],"texture":[1],"has":[2],"a":[3,66,95,122],"great":[4],"influence":[5],"on":[6],"the":[7,15,20,48,100,109,116,137,191,195,198,209,224,234,245,250,255,263,272,290,299,304,307,310,316,321,326,329,333,338,350,357,361,369,372,391],"physical\u2013hydric":[8],"and":[9,26,34,47,86,91,131,134,139,151,167,177,181,184,190,200,213,228,257,279,287,293,296,341,346,363,387],"chemical":[10],"behavior":[11],"of":[12,22,36,72,77,84,118,141,174,226,243,271,284,337,343,360,366,374],"soils.":[13],"In":[14,53],"Amazon":[16],"regions,":[17],"due":[18],"to":[19,29,68,81,106,382],"presence":[21],"dense":[23],"forest":[24,149],"cover":[25],"limited":[27],"access":[28],"roads,":[30],"carrying":[31],"out":[32],"surveys":[33],"mapping":[35],"soils":[37],"is":[38,50],"challenging.":[39],"When":[40],"data":[41],"exist,":[42],"they":[43],"are":[44],"relatively":[45],"sparse":[46],"distribution":[49],"quite":[51],"uneven.":[52],"this":[54,78],"context,":[55],"machine":[56,154],"learning":[57],"algorithms":[58,376],"(ML)":[59],"associated":[60],"with":[61,267,335],"remote":[62],"sensor":[63],"covariates":[64,186],"offer":[65],"framework":[67],"derive":[69],"digital":[70],"maps":[71,83],"soil":[73,88,171,384],"attributes.":[74],"The":[75,102,156,170,218,241],"objective":[76],"study":[79,157],"was":[80,159,221],"produce":[82],"surface":[85,176,256,311],"subsurface":[87,178,258],"clay,":[89,324,385],"silt,":[90,180,303,386],"sand":[92,227,251,265,388],"contents":[93,319,389],"in":[94,99,111,259,312,390],"13.440":[96],"km2":[97],"area":[98,362],"Amazon.":[101,392],"specific":[103],"objectives":[104],"were":[105],"(a)":[107],"evaluate":[108,125,136],"gain":[110],"prediction":[112,210,252],"accuracy":[113,253],"when":[114],"using":[115],"P-band":[117,246,305,327,381],"airborne":[119,379],"radar":[120,380],"as":[121],"covariate;":[123],"(b)":[124],"two":[126],"sampling":[127,202,367],"approaches":[128],"(Reference":[129],"Area\u2014RA":[130],"Total":[132],"Area\u2014TA);":[133],"(c)":[135],"transferability":[138],"performance":[140],"three":[142,162],"ML":[143,375],"algorithms:":[144],"regression":[145],"tree":[146],"(RT),":[147],"random":[148],"(RF),":[150],"support":[152],"vector":[153],"(SVM).":[155],"site":[158],"divided":[160],"into":[161],"blocks,":[163],"called":[164],"Urucu,":[165],"Araracanga,":[166,260,313],"Juru\u00e1,":[168],"respectively.":[169,301,348],"dataset":[172],"consisted":[173],"151":[175],"sand,":[179],"clay":[182],"observations":[183,206],"21":[185],"(20":[187],"relief":[188],"variables":[189],"backscattering":[192,247],"coefficient":[193,248],"from":[194],"P-band).":[196],"Both":[197],"RA":[199,219],"TA":[201],"approach":[203,220],"used":[204],"114":[205],"for":[207,215,223,238],"training":[208],"models":[211],"(75%)":[212],"37":[214],"validation":[216],"(25%).":[217],"better":[222],"development":[225],"silt":[229,318],"models.":[230],"Overall,":[231],"RF":[232,330],"derived":[233],"most":[235],"accurate":[236],"predictions":[237,308,331],"all":[239],"variables.":[240],"effect":[242],"introducing":[244],"improved":[249,306,328],"at":[254,289,298,309,332],"which":[261,314],"had":[262,315],"highest":[264],"content,":[266],"relative":[268],"improvements":[269],"(RI)":[270],"R2,":[273,339],"root":[274],"mean":[275,280],"square":[276],"error":[277,282],"(RMSE),":[278],"absolute":[281],"(MAE)":[283],"46%,":[285],"3%,":[286],"4%":[288],"surface,":[291],"respectively,":[292],"66.7%,":[294],"4.4%,":[295],"5.2%":[297],"subsurface,":[300,334],"For":[302,323],"lowest":[317],"among":[320],"blocks.":[322],"adding":[325],"RI":[336],"RMSE,":[340],"MAE":[342],"29%,":[344],"5%,":[345,347],"Despite":[349],"low":[351,358],"observation":[352],"density,":[353],"inherently":[354],"hindered":[355],"by":[356,378],"accessibility":[359],"high":[364],"costs":[365],"thereof,":[368],"results":[370],"showed":[371],"potential":[373],"boosted":[377],"map":[383]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}