{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4306965998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14205260","title":"Analysis of Internal Angle Error of UAV LiDAR Based on Rotating Mirror Scanning","display_name":"Analysis of Internal Angle Error of UAV LiDAR Based on Rotating Mirror Scanning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4306965998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14205260"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14205260","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14205260","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/20/5260/pdf?version=1666698541","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/20/5260/pdf?version=1666698541","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070335683","display_name":"Hao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4673-5569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4673-5569","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016850372","display_name":"Qingzhou Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7948-2828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingzhou Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7948-2828","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067200024","display_name":"Yu\u2010Fei Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1309-0626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufei Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065589387","display_name":"Anlei Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anlei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan Luojia Yiyun Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan Luojia Yiyun Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114227259","display_name":"Xueqing Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueqing Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016850372"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.6058,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62186929,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"20","first_page":"5260","last_page":"5260"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.7898194193840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.6916369199752808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-deviation","display_name":"Standard deviation","score":0.5164453983306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-scanning","display_name":"Laser scanning","score":0.49813008308410645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","score":0.4763738811016083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plane-mirror","display_name":"Plane mirror","score":0.47412538528442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.47124913334846497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4527299106121063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.39655691385269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3196943998336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.23175805807113647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.223809152841568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.2107732892036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13333719968795776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10074770450592041}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.7898194193840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6916369199752808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.5164453983306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.49813008308410645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74050887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4763738811016083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63655563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964338","display_name":"Plane mirror","level":2,"score":0.47412538528442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.47124913334846497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4527299106121063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.39655691385269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3196943998336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.23175805807113647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.223809152841568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.2107732892036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13333719968795776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10074770450592041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14205260","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14205260","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/20/5260/pdf?version=1666698541","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0ff8a66292d34d0f9b1be00e9988adf1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0ff8a66292d34d0f9b1be00e9988adf1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 20, p 5260 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/20/5260/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14205260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 20; Pages: 5260","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14205260","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14205260","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/20/5260/pdf?version=1666698541","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1296718957","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1934215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G379867061","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YJ047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7356207940","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YJ047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328872","funder_display_name":"China Academy of Railway Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7390491739","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41971413","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328872","display_name":"China Academy of Railway Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/051wv2j09"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4306965998.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4306965998.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W159618849","https://openalex.org/W1981923234","https://openalex.org/W1983818779","https://openalex.org/W1990077509","https://openalex.org/W1996749420","https://openalex.org/W2022007013","https://openalex.org/W2023117320","https://openalex.org/W2029778484","https://openalex.org/W2094605604","https://openalex.org/W2336835984","https://openalex.org/W2739764235","https://openalex.org/W2804420994","https://openalex.org/W2898147809","https://openalex.org/W3021999445","https://openalex.org/W3180067564","https://openalex.org/W3207048632","https://openalex.org/W4210483892","https://openalex.org/W4221046391"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293094720","https://openalex.org/W2739701376","https://openalex.org/W2088131065","https://openalex.org/W2005998065","https://openalex.org/W2001220299","https://openalex.org/W4323518558","https://openalex.org/W3196715007","https://openalex.org/W2286704396","https://openalex.org/W2366440988","https://openalex.org/W2358582870"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"UAV":[0,38,179],"LiDAR":[1,46],"is":[2,29,206],"a":[3,60,66,147],"powerful":[4],"tool":[5],"for":[6],"rapidly":[7],"acquiring":[8],"ground-based":[9],"3D":[10],"spatial":[11],"information":[12],"and":[13,40,84,111,119,131,135,180,202],"has":[14],"been":[15],"used":[16],"in":[17,99,210],"various":[18],"applications.":[19],"In":[20],"addition":[21],"to":[22,164],"the":[23,26,35,41,55,70,92,102,106,112,123,127,132,136,149,154,174,178,181,184,187,191,195,199,203,211],"ranging":[24],"mechanism,":[25],"scanning":[27,57,96],"method":[28],"also":[30],"an":[31],"important":[32],"factor,":[33],"affecting":[34],"performance":[36],"of":[37,45,59,69,72,91,108,186,194],"LiDAR,":[39],"internal":[42,155,188],"angle":[43,103,124,138,156,176,189],"error":[44,89,157],"will":[47],"seriously":[48],"affect":[49],"its":[50],"measurement":[51,150],"accuracy.":[52],"Starting":[53],"from":[54],"rotary":[56],"model":[58],"single-sided":[61,74],"mirror,":[62],"this":[63],"paper":[64],"presents":[65],"comparative":[67],"study":[68],"characteristics":[71],"45\u00b0":[73],"mirror":[75,82,86,95],"scanning,":[76,79,83],"polygon":[77,80],"prism":[78],"tower":[81,94],"wedge":[85],"scanning.":[87],"The":[88],"sources":[90],"quadrangular":[93],"are":[97],"analyzed":[98],"detail,":[100],"including":[101],"deviation":[104,125,139,151,193],"between":[105,126,140,177,198],"direction":[107],"emitted":[109],"laser":[110],"rotation":[113,133],"axis":[114],"(typical":[115,143],"0.13":[116],"\u00b1":[117,121,144],"0.18\u00b0":[118],"0.85\u00b0":[120],"0.26\u00b0),":[122],"mirror\u2019s":[128],"reflection":[129],"plane":[130],"axis,":[134],"surface":[137],"multiple":[141],"surfaces":[142],"0.06\u00b0).":[145],"As":[146],"result,":[148],"caused":[152],"by":[153,171],"can":[158],"be":[159,168],"as":[160,162],"high":[161],"decimeter":[163],"meter,":[165],"which":[166],"cannot":[167],"fully":[169],"compensated":[170],"simply":[172],"adjusting":[173],"installation":[175],"LiDAR.":[182],"After":[183],"calibration":[185],"error,":[190],"standard":[192],"elevation":[196],"difference":[197],"point":[200,205],"cloud":[201],"control":[204],"only":[207],"0.024":[208],"m":[209,216],"flight":[212],"experiment":[213],"at":[214],"300":[215],"altitude.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2022-10-21T00:00:00"}
