{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4304172381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14195062","title":"A Multi-Temporal Network for Improving Semantic Segmentation of Large-Scale Landsat Imagery","display_name":"A Multi-Temporal Network for Improving Semantic Segmentation of Large-Scale Landsat Imagery","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4304172381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14195062"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14195062","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14195062","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/5062/pdf?version=1665491132","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/5062/pdf?version=1665491132","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013120574","display_name":"Xuan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2938-7419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389708","display_name":"Bing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0319-7753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006192682","display_name":"Zhengchao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4293-6459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengchao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Airborne Remote Sensing Center, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Airborne Remote Sensing Center, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090601664","display_name":"Yongqing Bai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongqing Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Airborne Remote Sensing Center, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Airborne Remote Sensing Center, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100649444","display_name":"Pan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5567-5801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100389708"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.9036,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77147323,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"19","first_page":"5062","last_page":"5062"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7777726650238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6958469152450562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.6352829933166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5882011651992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.533303439617157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4890151917934418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4874882698059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46517062187194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-database","display_name":"Temporal database","score":0.4111279845237732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.35914528369903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34170177578926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.15380576252937317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.08854019641876221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07192689180374146}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7777726650238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6958469152450562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.6352829933166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5882011651992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.533303439617157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4890151917934418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4874882698059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46517062187194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77277458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1969246","display_name":"Temporal database","level":2,"score":0.4111279845237732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.35914528369903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34170177578926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.15380576252937317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08854019641876221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07192689180374146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14195062","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14195062","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/5062/pdf?version=1665491132","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6e0bdae6bd164ab9a3025da3f5fb7c1b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6e0bdae6bd164ab9a3025da3f5fb7c1b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 19, p 5062 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/19/5062/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14195062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 19; Pages: 5062","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14195062","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14195062","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/5062/pdf?version=1665491132","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4304172381.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4304172381.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1984207302","https://openalex.org/W2002281921","https://openalex.org/W2095483845","https://openalex.org/W2101678239","https://openalex.org/W2105228951","https://openalex.org/W2121601221","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2735039185","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2755013453","https://openalex.org/W2771766796","https://openalex.org/W2802942478","https://openalex.org/W2884436604","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2900579266","https://openalex.org/W2903282641","https://openalex.org/W2904122576","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2920026528","https://openalex.org/W2940726923","https://openalex.org/W2945231726","https://openalex.org/W2955058313","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2964309882","https://openalex.org/W2965383240","https://openalex.org/W2970971581","https://openalex.org/W2972225576","https://openalex.org/W2974382310","https://openalex.org/W2988245146","https://openalex.org/W2988527784","https://openalex.org/W2991751858","https://openalex.org/W3000627240","https://openalex.org/W3013264744","https://openalex.org/W3085236384","https://openalex.org/W3105636206","https://openalex.org/W3110908156","https://openalex.org/W3117652191","https://openalex.org/W3204076179","https://openalex.org/W3205584003","https://openalex.org/W3206764851","https://openalex.org/W3207200417","https://openalex.org/W4213422123","https://openalex.org/W4247406278","https://openalex.org/W6763448336","https://openalex.org/W6775612949","https://openalex.org/W6809082270"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2052835778","https://openalex.org/W2049003611","https://openalex.org/W2108418243","https://openalex.org/W2127804977","https://openalex.org/W164103134","https://openalex.org/W2787352659","https://openalex.org/W1970611213","https://openalex.org/W4206560911","https://openalex.org/W4372260270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,12,25,33,40,57,61,91,113,133],"development":[2],"of":[3,29,44,93,125],"deep":[4],"learning,":[5],"semantic":[6,36,135],"segmentation":[7,37,136],"technology":[8],"has":[9],"gradually":[10],"become":[11],"mainstream":[13,34,134],"technical":[14],"method":[15],"in":[16,48,60],"large-scale":[17,114],"multi-temporal":[18,23,62,71,105,115,140],"landcover":[19,117],"classification.":[20],"Large-scale":[21],"and":[22,42,54,108,148],"are":[24],"two":[26],"significant":[27],"characteristics":[28],"Landsat":[30,116],"imagery.":[31],"However,":[32],"single-temporal":[35],"network":[38,72,141],"lacks":[39],"constraints":[41],"assistance":[43],"pre-temporal":[45,75],"information,":[46],"resulting":[47],"unstable":[49],"results,":[50],"poor":[51],"generalization":[52,109,149],"ability,":[53],"inconsistency":[55],"with":[56,120,132,145],"actual":[58],"situation":[59],"classification":[63,101,118,123],"results.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66],"paper,":[67],"we":[68],"propose":[69,83,97],"a":[70,98],"that":[73],"introduces":[74],"information":[76],"as":[77],"prior":[78],"constrained":[79],"auxiliary":[80],"knowledge.":[81],"We":[82,96,111],"an":[84,121],"element-wise":[85],"weighting":[86],"block":[87],"module":[88],"to":[89,103],"improve":[90,104],"fine-grainedness":[92],"feature":[94],"optimization.":[95],"chained":[99],"deduced":[100],"strategy":[102],"classification\u2019s":[106],"stability":[107],"ability.":[110,150],"label":[112],"dataset":[119],"overall":[122],"accuracy":[124],"over":[126],"90%.":[127],"Through":[128],"extensive":[129],"experiments,":[130],"compared":[131],"methods,":[137],"our":[138],"proposed":[139],"achieves":[142],"state-of-the-art":[143],"performance":[144],"good":[146],"robustness":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-03T22:45:19.894376","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
