{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4303980623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14195032","title":"Understanding Intensity\u2013Duration\u2013Frequency (IDF) Curves Using IMERG Sub-Hourly Precipitation against Dense Gauge Networks","display_name":"Understanding Intensity\u2013Duration\u2013Frequency (IDF) Curves Using IMERG Sub-Hourly Precipitation against Dense Gauge Networks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4303980623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14195032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14195032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14195032","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/5032/pdf?version=1665322066","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/5032/pdf?version=1665322066","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049164800","display_name":"Alcely Lau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3165-8609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alcely Lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063210465","display_name":"Ali Behrangi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7594-8793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali Behrangi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063210465"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.0332,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86451134,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"19","first_page":"5032","last_page":"5032"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7199466228485107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-precipitation-measurement","display_name":"Global Precipitation Measurement","score":0.6978912949562073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.6480768918991089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rain-gauge","display_name":"Rain gauge","score":0.5696045756340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flood-myth","display_name":"Flood myth","score":0.47193071246147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gumbel-distribution","display_name":"Gumbel distribution","score":0.4716179668903351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.4691029489040375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.3283771574497223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1712486743927002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13744595646858215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extreme-value-theory","display_name":"Extreme value theory","score":0.13541385531425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1219281256198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12145864963531494}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7199466228485107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29278236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3108963","display_name":"Global Precipitation Measurement","level":3,"score":0.6978912949562073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.6480768918991089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120961793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190052","display_name":"Rain gauge","level":3,"score":0.5696045756340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74256435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134052","display_name":"Flood myth","level":2,"score":0.47193071246147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137610916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096862","display_name":"Gumbel distribution","level":3,"score":0.4716179668903351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4691029489040375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.3283771574497223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1712486743927002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13744595646858215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147581598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729429","display_name":"Extreme value theory","level":2,"score":0.13541385531425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1219281256198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12145864963531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14195032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14195032","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/5032/pdf?version=1665322066","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/667093","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/667093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ac0e2c1a7b614faf9cd986a82598fcb6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ac0e2c1a7b614faf9cd986a82598fcb6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 19, p 5032 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/19/5032/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14195032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 19; Pages: 5032","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14195032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14195032","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/5032/pdf?version=1665322066","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332605","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303980623.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303980623.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541518808","https://openalex.org/W2033904036","https://openalex.org/W2050962456","https://openalex.org/W2064407553","https://openalex.org/W2129556131","https://openalex.org/W2138763184","https://openalex.org/W2156324340","https://openalex.org/W2413554747","https://openalex.org/W2547131986","https://openalex.org/W2612409926","https://openalex.org/W2794403946","https://openalex.org/W2891486263","https://openalex.org/W2921775581","https://openalex.org/W2954648193","https://openalex.org/W2990514640","https://openalex.org/W2996571924","https://openalex.org/W3068636736","https://openalex.org/W3088902354","https://openalex.org/W3116663670","https://openalex.org/W3142544252","https://openalex.org/W3193166135","https://openalex.org/W4220946332","https://openalex.org/W4289346102","https://openalex.org/W4293067517","https://openalex.org/W6788132982"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115040659","https://openalex.org/W2357280943","https://openalex.org/W2808110264","https://openalex.org/W4321786814","https://openalex.org/W2040096667","https://openalex.org/W3112389510","https://openalex.org/W2763651007","https://openalex.org/W2777983096","https://openalex.org/W2983674910","https://openalex.org/W3027391580"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21,157,216,266],"design":[1,17],"storm":[2],"derived":[3,46,78],"from":[4,87],"intensity\u2013duration\u2013frequency":[5],"(IDF)":[6],"curves":[7,45,80,247],"is":[8,168],"the":[9,55,73,94,99,106,110,120,126,163,186,192,197,199,205,213,229,238,253,257,260,273],"main":[10],"input":[11],"for":[12,18,129,207,228,272],"hydrologic":[13],"analysis":[14,128],"or":[15],"hydraulic":[16],"flood":[19,25],"control.":[20],"regions":[22,279],"with":[23,54,147,224,252,280],"higher":[24],"risks":[26],"due":[27],"to":[28],"extreme":[29],"precipitation":[30,35,51,85,166,277],"are":[31],"often":[32],"deficient":[33],"in":[34,98,115,161,196,243,249],"gauges.":[36,282],"This":[37],"study":[38,231],"presents":[39],"a":[40,116,145,148],"detailed":[41],"evaluation":[42,217],"of":[43,102,109,119,151,159,240,259,275],"IDF":[44,79,246],"using":[47,81],"IMERG":[48,172,214,220,245,276],"Final":[49],"half-hourly":[50,140],"(V06),":[52],"fitted":[53],"widely":[56],"used":[57],"CDFs:":[58],"Gumbel":[59,62,241],"and":[60,63,67,71,104,134,142,195],"MLE,":[61],"MM,":[64],"Pearson":[65],"3,":[66],"GEV.":[68],"As":[69],"benchmarks":[70],"following":[72],"same":[74],"method,":[75],"we":[76],"also":[77],"areal":[82],"average":[83,167,187,200],"gridded":[84,164],"constructed":[86],"two":[88,178,230],"dense":[89],"gauges":[90],"networks":[91],"over":[92,278],"(1)":[93],"WegenerNET":[95],"Feldbach":[96],"region":[97,118],"Alpine":[100],"forelands":[101],"Austria":[103],"(2)":[105],"gauge":[107,209],"network":[108],"Walnut":[111],"Gulch":[112],"Experimental":[113],"Watershed,":[114],"semiarid":[117],"United":[121],"States.":[122],"In":[123,184],"both":[124],"regions,":[125],"frequency":[127],"return":[130],"periods":[131],"between":[132],"2":[133],"100":[135],"years":[136],"was":[137,174,188,201,235],"based":[138],"on":[139],"rainfall":[141],"compared":[143],"at":[144],"grid-scale":[146],"spatial":[149],"resolution":[150],"IMERG,":[152],"0.1\u00b0":[153,155],"\u00d7":[154],"lat/lon.":[156],"impact":[158],"order":[160],"which":[162],"gauge-based":[165],"performed":[169],"within":[170,212],"an":[171],"grid":[173,210],"evaluated":[175],"by":[176],"computing":[177],"different":[179],"Annual":[180],"Maximum":[181],"Series":[182],"(AMS).":[183],"one,":[185],"computed":[189,202],"before":[190],"obtaining":[191,204],"AMS":[193,206,221],"(AB-AMS),":[194],"other,":[198],"after":[203],"each":[208],"(AA-AMS)":[211],"grid.":[215],"revealed":[218],"that":[219,237],"agrees":[222],"better":[223,250],"AB-AMS":[225],"than":[226,256],"AA-AMS":[227],"regions.":[232],"Lastly,":[233],"it":[234],"found":[236],"use":[239,258],"distribution":[242],"calculating":[244],"results":[248],"agreement":[251],"ground":[254],"truth":[255],"other":[261],"three":[262],"distributions":[263],"studied":[264],"here.":[265],"outcomes":[267],"should":[268],"provide":[269],"valuable":[270],"knowledge":[271],"application":[274],"sparse":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}