{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4303980751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194971","title":"Simulation Calculation of Element Number Density in the Earth\u2019s Atmosphere Based on X-ray Occultation Sounding","display_name":"Simulation Calculation of Element Number Density in the Earth\u2019s Atmosphere Based on X-ray Occultation Sounding","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4303980751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194971"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14194971","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194971","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/4971/pdf?version=1665390344","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/4971/pdf?version=1665390344","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001586140","display_name":"Daochun Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3446-2775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daochun Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space Systerms, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space Systerms, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076990123","display_name":"Baoquan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5449-9930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Baoquan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space Systerms, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space Systerms, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076990123"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11017827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"19","first_page":"4971","last_page":"4971"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10946","display_name":"Radioactivity and Radon Measurements","score":0.9818000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3614","display_name":"Radiological and Ultrasound Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occultation","display_name":"Occultation","score":0.674475908279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.6587350368499756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altitude","display_name":"Altitude (triangle)","score":0.5840383768081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5084999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.49857664108276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmosphere","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","score":0.44854140281677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telescope","display_name":"Telescope","score":0.41744402050971985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.41197097301483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.40839359164237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3770712614059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.2578570544719696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.166847825050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.1348232626914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.131761372089386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.11316314339637756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06610468029975891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131040042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202746","display_name":"Occultation","level":2,"score":0.674475908279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6587350368499756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6350597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339495","display_name":"Altitude (triangle)","level":2,"score":0.5840383768081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5084999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.49857664108276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.44854140281677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780848835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4213","display_name":"Telescope","level":2,"score":0.41744402050971985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.41197097301483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.40839359164237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3770712614059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.2578570544719696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.166847825050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.1348232626914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.131761372089386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11316314339637756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06610468029975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14194971","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194971","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/4971/pdf?version=1665390344","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8b6dfc8d596d43ec868c1d652ce88c34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8b6dfc8d596d43ec868c1d652ce88c34","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 19, p 4971 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/19/4971/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14194971","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14194971","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194971","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/4971/pdf?version=1665390344","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4489505176","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFB0503300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303980751.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303980751.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987319691","https://openalex.org/W1989574332","https://openalex.org/W1989898190","https://openalex.org/W1992851587","https://openalex.org/W1994780483","https://openalex.org/W2000464111","https://openalex.org/W2043153516","https://openalex.org/W2063397409","https://openalex.org/W2074522996","https://openalex.org/W2082617875","https://openalex.org/W2084267059","https://openalex.org/W2095120140","https://openalex.org/W2108207895","https://openalex.org/W2124715982","https://openalex.org/W2147276460","https://openalex.org/W2147946819","https://openalex.org/W2484752123","https://openalex.org/W2622639018","https://openalex.org/W2887111154","https://openalex.org/W2971427669","https://openalex.org/W3012526015","https://openalex.org/W3094717623","https://openalex.org/W3099748708","https://openalex.org/W3102014803","https://openalex.org/W3102098446","https://openalex.org/W3103570589","https://openalex.org/W3135916525","https://openalex.org/W3136796524","https://openalex.org/W4214767275","https://openalex.org/W4298169123","https://openalex.org/W6674469741","https://openalex.org/W6678304736"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980990483","https://openalex.org/W32926197","https://openalex.org/W2125787419","https://openalex.org/W4283032909","https://openalex.org/W4212991736","https://openalex.org/W2014975489","https://openalex.org/W2018165778","https://openalex.org/W1617240595","https://openalex.org/W1490097979","https://openalex.org/W4321518447"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,75,117],"number":[1,236],"density":[2,113,134,247,266],"profiles":[3,135],"of":[4,13,28,37,45,114,136,150,157,170,175,182,189,195,207,213,237],"elements":[5,137,196,214],"N":[6,138,197,215],"and":[7,53,91,129,132,139,177,198,216,220,227],"O":[8,140,151,171,199,217],"in":[9,41,96,153,172,203,274],"the":[10,26,29,32,38,42,49,54,65,80,101,111,124,133,147,154,167,173,178,186,192,204,210,221,224,235,244,256,275],"altitude":[11,155,187,205],"range":[12,44,156,188,206],"120\u2013250":[14],"km":[15,159],"are":[16,59,93,141],"retrieved":[17,148,193,211,225,257],"by":[18,61],"simulation":[19,57,130,183],"based":[20,268],"on":[21,25,269],"X-ray":[22,97,270],"occultation.":[23],"Based":[24],"parameters":[27],"NICER":[30,76],"telescope,":[31],"energy":[33,43,55,66,77,125],"spectrum":[34,56,67,126],"forward":[35,68,127],"model":[36,69,128,229],"Crab":[39],"Nebula":[40],"0.25\u20138":[46],"keV":[47,87],"during":[48],"occultation":[50,271],"is":[51,120,144,160,200,233,240],"constructed,":[52],"data":[58,273],"obtained":[60],"adding":[62],"noise":[63],"to":[64,109,122,166,243],"at":[70,100,248],"different":[71],"tangent":[72],"point":[73],"altitudes.":[74],"band":[78],"includes":[79],"K-shell":[81,102],"absorption":[82,103],"edges":[83],"(0.4":[84],"keV,":[85],"0.53":[86],"for":[88,264],"N,":[89],"O),":[90],"there":[92],"significant":[94],"differences":[95],"cross":[98],"sections":[99],"edges,":[104],"which":[105,162,251],"provides":[106],"an":[107],"opportunity":[108],"retrieve":[110],"atmospheric":[112,246],"each":[115],"element.":[116],"MCMC":[118],"algorithm":[119],"used":[121],"fit":[123],"data,":[131],"retrieved.":[142],"It":[143],"found":[145],"that":[146],"error":[149,194,212],"element":[152,265],"120\u2013140":[158],"large,":[161],"may":[163],"be":[164],"related":[165],"low":[168,179],"proportion":[169],"line":[174],"sight":[176],"signal-to-noise":[180],"ratio":[181],"data.":[184],"In":[185],"140\u2013200":[190],"km,":[191,209],"small,":[201],"but":[202],"200\u2013250":[208],"becomes":[218],"larger,":[219],"inconsistency":[222],"between":[223],"results":[226],"NRLMSISE-00":[228],"values":[230],"increases.":[231],"This":[232,259],"because":[234],"absorbed":[238],"photons":[239],"reduced":[241],"due":[242],"thin":[245],"higher":[249],"altitude,":[250],"introduces":[252],"great":[253],"uncertainty":[254],"into":[255],"results.":[258],"study":[260],"lays":[261],"a":[262],"foundation":[263],"retrieval":[267],"measured":[272],"future.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
