{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4296830684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194701","title":"Evaluating Long-Term Variability of the Arctic Stratospheric Polar Vortex Simulated by CMIP6 Models","display_name":"Evaluating Long-Term Variability of the Arctic Stratospheric Polar Vortex Simulated by CMIP6 Models","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4296830684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14194701","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194701","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/4701/pdf?version=1663743902","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/4701/pdf?version=1663743902","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083147372","display_name":"Siyi Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyi Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032677495","display_name":"Jiankai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8491-0225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiankai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8491-0225","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023787090","display_name":"Chongyang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7292-0445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chongyang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051046509","display_name":"Mian Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0232-5154"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mian Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016388894","display_name":"James Keeble","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2714-1084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112368","display_name":"National Centre for Atmospheric Science","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwwe276","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141816643","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210112368"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Keeble","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK","National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2714-1084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112368","https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100407678","display_name":"Zhe Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3762-3167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046879992","display_name":"Xufan Xia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76214153","display_name":"Lanzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mkqqe32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xufan Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032677495"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76214153"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.9844,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73581272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"19","first_page":"4701","last_page":"4701"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stratosphere","display_name":"Stratosphere","score":0.8902251720428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar-vortex","display_name":"Polar vortex","score":0.8891514539718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sudden-stratospheric-warming","display_name":"Sudden stratospheric warming","score":0.627906858921051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.6196344494819641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar","display_name":"Polar","score":0.591349720954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.5693270564079285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5238540172576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupled-model-intercomparison-project","display_name":"Coupled model intercomparison project","score":0.482565313577652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arctic","display_name":"Arctic","score":0.47366032004356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vortex","display_name":"Vortex","score":0.47277095913887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"Climate change","score":0.2908386290073395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-model","display_name":"Climate model","score":0.27552247047424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2690683603286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.26113730669021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17376625537872314}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163861444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108376","display_name":"Stratosphere","level":2,"score":0.8902251720428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125405218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1197111","display_name":"Polar vortex","level":3,"score":0.8891514539718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88582754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1583422","display_name":"Sudden stratospheric warming","level":4,"score":0.627906858921051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.6196344494819641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29705727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294562","display_name":"Polar","level":2,"score":0.591349720954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5693270564079285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5238540172576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25022447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5178021","display_name":"Coupled model intercomparison project","level":4,"score":0.482565313577652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518008717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25322","display_name":"Arctic","level":2,"score":0.47366032004356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140820882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732722","display_name":"Vortex","level":2,"score":0.47277095913887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.2908386290073395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168754636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920","display_name":"Climate model","level":3,"score":0.27552247047424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2690683603286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.26113730669021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17376625537872314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14194701","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194701","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/4701/pdf?version=1663743902","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/341734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/341734","pdf_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/0623b390-3fe4-4e92-a49f-db5d0084e60a/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fdedec892abc44af838506ed8586468b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fdedec892abc44af838506ed8586468b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 19, p 4701 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:214536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/214536/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de:item_5017629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5017629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfzpublic.gfz.de:item_5017629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz.de/pubman/item/item_5017629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/19/4701/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14194701","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 19; Pages: 4701","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.17863/cam.89156","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.89156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050737","display_name":"Apollo","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14194701","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194701","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/19/4701/pdf?version=1663743902","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G203545170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42075062, 42130601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2329026567","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CMIP6","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2436109226","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42130601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3166144141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"lzujbky-2021-ey04","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3952839068","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MERRA-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4636224137","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"lzujbky-2021-ey04","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7667774936","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42075062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8193597184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42075062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8435006997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42130601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320331","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331771","display_name":"European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts","ror":"https://ror.org/014w0fd65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296830684.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1854693825","https://openalex.org/W1860493615","https://openalex.org/W1965765914","https://openalex.org/W1975434996","https://openalex.org/W1985479415","https://openalex.org/W1991089141","https://openalex.org/W1998176560","https://openalex.org/W2031228824","https://openalex.org/W2054998432","https://openalex.org/W2080307635","https://openalex.org/W2082319382","https://openalex.org/W2096845762","https://openalex.org/W2100542438","https://openalex.org/W2107649973","https://openalex.org/W2113111211","https://openalex.org/W2121745948","https://openalex.org/W2135316835","https://openalex.org/W2141442289","https://openalex.org/W2147752502","https://openalex.org/W2163347288","https://openalex.org/W2166140695","https://openalex.org/W2177529417","https://openalex.org/W2193503481","https://openalex.org/W2295487937","https://openalex.org/W2538519246","https://openalex.org/W2562065173","https://openalex.org/W2578567206","https://openalex.org/W2601432132","https://openalex.org/W2602977331","https://openalex.org/W2611772571","https://openalex.org/W2777495321","https://openalex.org/W2781683667","https://openalex.org/W2790334991","https://openalex.org/W2796513221","https://openalex.org/W2805188314","https://openalex.org/W2886101493","https://openalex.org/W2914725779","https://openalex.org/W2919509481","https://openalex.org/W2946871566","https://openalex.org/W2989713238","https://openalex.org/W3006110990","https://openalex.org/W3011376419","https://openalex.org/W3020444446","https://openalex.org/W3089176135","https://openalex.org/W3131358532","https://openalex.org/W3151004352","https://openalex.org/W3178594560","https://openalex.org/W3183387010","https://openalex.org/W3201026443","https://openalex.org/W4200382280","https://openalex.org/W4221042309","https://openalex.org/W6888707925","https://openalex.org/W6888807248","https://openalex.org/W6888831122","https://openalex.org/W6907691596","https://openalex.org/W6926141601","https://openalex.org/W6963825332"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200515017","https://openalex.org/W3099951134","https://openalex.org/W2081766633","https://openalex.org/W4224320262","https://openalex.org/W4220882719","https://openalex.org/W4214822417","https://openalex.org/W2790303521","https://openalex.org/W4292327598","https://openalex.org/W4283119124","https://openalex.org/W2007578351"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,37,185],"Arctic":[1,54],"stratospheric":[2,321],"polar":[3,24,28,50,101,143,170,197,246,260,322,331],"vortex":[4,29,51,102,144,171,198,247,261,323,332],"is":[5,31,132,192,211],"a":[6,133,212,308],"key":[7,309],"component":[8],"of":[9,48,65,99,141,158,169,218,259,285,316,319,329],"the":[10,21,44,49,53,58,66,91,96,100,108,113,137,142,146,167,173,177,196,216,229,242,256,263,282,290,294,314,317,320,327,330],"climate":[11],"system,":[12],"which":[13,273],"has":[14,274],"significant":[15],"impacts":[16],"on":[17],"surface":[18],"temperatures":[19],"in":[20,43,52,112,136,172,225,231,237,245,271,277,293,304,313,326],"mid-latitudes":[22],"and":[23,46,83,118,139,150,201,228,252,266],"regions.":[25],"Therefore,":[26],"understanding":[27],"variability":[30],"helpful":[32],"for":[33,81,125,221,241],"extended-range":[34],"weather":[35],"forecasting.":[36],"present":[38,186],"study":[39,187],"evaluates":[40],"long-term":[41,243],"changes":[42],"position":[45,138,333],"strength":[47,168,199,318],"lower":[55,114,174],"stratosphere":[56,115],"during":[57,129],"winters":[59],"from":[60,116,268],"1980/81":[61],"to":[62,182],"2013/14.":[63],"Simulations":[64],"Coupled":[67],"Model":[68],"Intercomparison":[69],"Project":[70],"Phase":[71],"6":[72],"(CMIP6)":[73],"models":[74,93,128,165,280,306],"are":[75],"compared":[76],"with":[77,103,176],"Modern-Era":[78],"Retrospective":[79],"analysis":[80],"Research":[82],"Applications":[84],"Version":[85],"2":[86],"(MERRA2)":[87],"reanalysis":[88],"dataset.":[89,296],"Overall,":[90],"CMIP6":[92,127,147,160,164,206,305],"well":[94,254],"capture":[95,255],"spatial":[97,104],"characteristics":[98],"correlation":[105,214],"coefficients":[106],"between":[107,145,156,195,215],"potential":[109],"vorticity":[110],"(PV)":[111],"simulations":[117,157],"MERRA2":[119,295],"products":[120],"generally":[121],"greater":[122],"than":[123],"0.85":[124],"all":[126],"winter.":[130,239],"There":[131],"good":[134],"agreement":[135],"shape":[140],"multi-model":[148],"mean":[149,233],"MERRA2,":[151],"although":[152],"there":[153,191,210],"exist":[154],"differences":[155],"individual":[159],"models.":[161,207],"However,":[162],"most":[163],"underestimate":[166],"stratosphere,":[175],"largest":[178],"negative":[179],"bias":[180,200,203],"up":[181],"about":[183],"\u221220%.":[184],"further":[188],"reveals":[189],"that":[190,299],"an":[193],"anticorrelation":[194],"area":[202],"simulated":[204],"by":[205],"In":[208],"addition,":[209],"positive":[213,283],"trend":[217,230,284],"EP-flux":[219],"divergence":[220],"wavenumber":[222],"one":[223],"accumulated":[224],"early":[226],"winter":[227],"zonal":[232,234],"wind":[235],"averaged":[236],"late":[238],"As":[240],"change":[244],"position,":[248],"CanESM5,":[249],"IPSL-CM5A2-INCA,":[250],"UKESM1-0-LL,":[251],"IPSL-CM6A-LR":[253],"persistent":[257],"shift":[258],"towards":[262],"Eurasian":[264],"continent":[265],"away":[267],"North":[269],"America":[270],"February,":[272],"been":[275],"reported":[276],"observations.":[278],"These":[279],"reproduce":[281],"wavenumber-1":[286],"planetary":[287],"waves":[288],"since":[289],"1980s":[291],"seen":[292],"This":[297],"suggests":[298],"realistic":[300],"wave":[301],"activity":[302],"processes":[303],"play":[307],"role":[310],"not":[311],"only":[312],"simulation":[315,328],"but":[324],"also":[325],"shift.":[334]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}