{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4296742370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184680","title":"Multiscale Ground Validation of Satellite and Reanalysis Precipitation Products over Diverse Climatic and Topographic Conditions","display_name":"Multiscale Ground Validation of Satellite and Reanalysis Precipitation Products over Diverse Climatic and Topographic Conditions","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4296742370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184680"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14184680","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184680","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4680/pdf?version=1663641498","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4680/pdf?version=1663641498","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051471835","display_name":"Muhammad Umer Nadeem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8590-3708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200749728","display_name":"Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University","ror":"https://ror.org/035zn2q74","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Umer Nadeem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Driven Smart Decision Platform, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan","Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Driven Smart Decision Platform, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075327791","display_name":"Abdulnoor A. J. Ghanim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-9402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47164929","display_name":"Najran University","ror":"https://ror.org/05edw4a90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47164929"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulnoor A. J. Ghanim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47164929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019507290","display_name":"Muhammad Naveed Anjum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5622-8600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200749728","display_name":"Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University","ror":"https://ror.org/035zn2q74","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Naveed Anjum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Driven Smart Decision Platform, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan","Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Driven Smart Decision Platform, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055456921","display_name":"Donghui Shangguan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9975-0722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106526","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/01jz1e142","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210106526"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Donghui Shangguan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106526","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045996251","display_name":"Ghulam Rasool","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8551-0090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200749728","display_name":"Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University","ror":"https://ror.org/035zn2q74","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghulam Rasool","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002753099","display_name":"Muhammad Irfan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4161-6875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47164929","display_name":"Najran University","ror":"https://ror.org/05edw4a90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47164929"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Irfan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47164929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059897831","display_name":"Usama Muhammad Niazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-7731"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usama Muhammad Niazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, National Skills University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, National Skills University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112498623","display_name":"Sharjeel Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7072-7294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200749728","display_name":"Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University","ror":"https://ror.org/035zn2q74","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharjeel Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Driven Smart Decision Platform, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan","Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Driven Smart Decision Platform, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200749728"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055456921"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210106526"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.1238,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91869919,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"18","first_page":"4680","last_page":"4680"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7665809392929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.7313603162765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.662264883518219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5286082625389099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.47742924094200134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation-coefficient","display_name":"Correlation coefficient","score":0.47528353333473206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.32427138090133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.131879985332489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12505197525024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11329865455627441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.10296332836151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.06866341829299927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7665809392929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.7313603162765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.662264883518219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5286082625389099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.47742924094200134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780092901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433612","display_name":"Correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.47528353333473206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.32427138090133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.131879985332489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12505197525024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11329865455627441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10296332836151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.06866341829299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14184680","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184680","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4680/pdf?version=1663641498","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:42577e6fc3e44d97b4672d5d945792a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/42577e6fc3e44d97b4672d5d945792a9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 18, p 4680 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/18/4680/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184680","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 18; Pages: 4680","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14184680","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184680","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4680/pdf?version=1663641498","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8015423522","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NU/RC/SERC/11/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323502","funder_display_name":"Najran University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323502","display_name":"Najran University","ror":"https://ror.org/05edw4a90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332035","display_name":"Alliance of International Science Organizations","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296742370.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296742370.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995622703","https://openalex.org/W2057571429","https://openalex.org/W2064188955","https://openalex.org/W2101735307","https://openalex.org/W2269631561","https://openalex.org/W2300323517","https://openalex.org/W2300490132","https://openalex.org/W2488047686","https://openalex.org/W2756928373","https://openalex.org/W2766363700","https://openalex.org/W2790514605","https://openalex.org/W2901185741","https://openalex.org/W2921080987","https://openalex.org/W2944658186","https://openalex.org/W2947162121","https://openalex.org/W2978552391","https://openalex.org/W2992450089","https://openalex.org/W2994680372","https://openalex.org/W3004865629","https://openalex.org/W3007697351","https://openalex.org/W3023182875","https://openalex.org/W3085743131","https://openalex.org/W3087893328","https://openalex.org/W3089321213","https://openalex.org/W3092501210","https://openalex.org/W3097427076","https://openalex.org/W3102481999","https://openalex.org/W3107140583","https://openalex.org/W3108424180","https://openalex.org/W3120073195","https://openalex.org/W3173856778","https://openalex.org/W3176059820","https://openalex.org/W3193836801","https://openalex.org/W3207573641","https://openalex.org/W3208859962","https://openalex.org/W4206037371","https://openalex.org/W4206236072","https://openalex.org/W4213226773","https://openalex.org/W4229890263","https://openalex.org/W4285021899","https://openalex.org/W6730913825"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364982659","https://openalex.org/W2999352024","https://openalex.org/W2035969729","https://openalex.org/W2350173077","https://openalex.org/W2487722720","https://openalex.org/W2358981970","https://openalex.org/W2377189769","https://openalex.org/W176787010","https://openalex.org/W2354666346","https://openalex.org/W4385380152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,68,111],"validity":[1],"of":[2,28,40,70,103,123,174,185,204,251,258,263],"two":[3],"reanalysis":[4],"(ERA5":[5],"and":[6,8,17,37,55,62,79,106,131,138,170,192,198,211,217,231,240,246,260],"MEERA2)":[7],"seven":[9],"satellite-based":[10],"(CHIRPS,":[11],"IMERG,":[12],"PERSIANN-CCS,":[13,228],"PERSIANN-CDR,":[14,230],"PERSIANN-PDIR,":[15],"PERSIANN,":[16,227],"TRMM)":[18,199],"precipitation":[19,47,125,179,205,241],"products":[20,48,72,136,165,196,219,233],"was":[21,73],"assessed":[22],"in":[23,29,34,172,223,271],"relation":[24],"to":[25,44,152,177,236],"the":[26,64,71,117,120,144,148,153,182,186,202,224,238,243,249,256,264],"observations":[27],"situ":[30],"weather":[31],"stations":[32],"installed":[33],"different":[35],"topographical":[36],"climatic":[38,212,269],"regions":[39],"Pakistan.":[41,272],"From":[42],"2010":[43],"2018,":[45],"all":[46],"were":[49,166,234],"evaluated":[50,74],"on":[51],"daily,":[52],"monthly,":[53],"seasonal,":[54],"annual":[56],"bases":[57],"at":[58,147,159],"a":[59],"point-to-pixel":[60],"scale":[61,150],"over":[63,242],"entire":[65,118],"spatial":[66],"domain.":[67],"accuracy":[69],"using":[75],"commonly":[76],"used":[77],"evaluation":[78],"categorical":[80],"indices,":[81],"including":[82],"Root":[83],"Mean":[84],"Square":[85],"Error":[86],"(RMSE),":[87],"Correlation":[88],"Coefficient":[89],"(CC),":[90],"Bias,":[91],"Relative":[92],"Bias":[93],"(rBias),":[94],"Critical":[95],"Success":[96,99],"Index":[97],"(CSI),":[98],"Ratio":[100,109],"(SR)":[101],"Probability":[102],"Detection":[104],"(POD),":[105],"False":[107],"Alarm":[108],"(FAR).":[110],"results":[112],"show":[113],"that:":[114],"(1)":[115],"Over":[116],"country,":[119],"spatio-temporal":[121],"distribution":[122],"observed":[124],"could":[126],"be":[127],"represented":[128],"by":[129,168],"IMERG":[130,169,265],"TRMM":[132,171],"products.":[133],"(2)":[134],"All":[135,163],"(reanalysis":[137],"SPPs)":[139],"demonstrated":[140],"good":[141],"agreement":[142],"with":[143],"reference":[145],"data":[146,155],"monthly":[149,160,261],"compared":[151],"daily":[154,259],"(CC":[156],"&gt;":[157],"0.7":[158],"scale).":[161],"(3)":[162],"other":[164],"outperformed":[167],"terms":[173],"their":[175],"capacity":[176],"detect":[178,237],"events":[180,206],"throughout":[181],"year,":[183],"regardless":[184],"season":[187],"(i.e.,":[188],"winter,":[189],"spring,":[190],"summer,":[191],"autumn).":[193],"Furthermore,":[194],"both":[195],"(IMERG":[197],"consistently":[200],"depicted":[201],"incidence":[203],"across":[207],"Pakistan\u2019s":[208],"various":[209],"topography":[210],"regimes.":[213],"(4)":[214],"Generally,":[215],"CHIRPS":[216],"ERA5":[218],"showed":[220],"moderate":[221],"performances":[222],"plan":[225],"areas.":[226],"PDIR,":[229],"MEERA2":[232],"uncertain":[235],"occurrence":[239],"higher":[244],"intensities":[245],"altitudes.":[247],"Considering":[248],"finding":[250],"this":[252],"assessment,":[253],"we":[254],"recommend":[255],"use":[257],"estimates":[262],"product":[266],"for":[267],"hydro":[268],"studies":[270]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2022-09-23T00:00:00"}
